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1、,Welcome,名词性从句(一)Noun clauses,Task I.什么叫“名词性从句”？,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,His job is important.,What he does is important.,表语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,宾语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,同位语,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact tha
2、t he is a teacher.,名词性从句的定义,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在 句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,Practice time：指出下列各名词性从句的种类,At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. 2. She wonde
3、red if the buses would still be running. 3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man ina dark coat. 5. When we will start is not clear. 6. I had no idea that you were her friend.,Object clause,Object clause,Predicative
4、 clause,Object clause,Subject clause,Apposition clause,Task II.引导词的由来,句型转换 1.They are good doctors. He told us. 2. He hadnt said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.,He told us that they were good doctors.,The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.,总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名
5、词性从句用that引导。,3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? 4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. ,Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?,I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.,总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。,5.When did he buy this
6、new bike? Could you tell me? 6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? ,Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?,My question is where the lecture will be given.,总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。,Task III.名词性从句的语序、时态及单复数概念,1.That I can pay back the help people give me makes m
7、e happy. 2.It was good news that everybody got back safely. 3.She sensed that she was being watched. 4.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 5.Whether he will come or not is unimportant to me.,总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。宾语从句的时态必须与主句保持一致。另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念。,1.What we need is mo
8、re time. 2.What we need are more English dictionaries.,Practice time.单句改错,1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all. 2.When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. 3.I didnt know that you will come. 4.He said that he is writing a story. 5.Could you tell me when will he arrive? 6
9、.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.,_ is,_ hasnt,_ would,_ was,_ he will,_ English has,Task IV.名词性从句与it, 当主语从句放在句首使句子显得笨重时，一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词it作形式主语。What引导 的主语从句例外。 Its a pity that you missed the film. It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. It is
10、 said that the novel has been translated into English.,注意,如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用带it的结构了！, 动词think, make, feel, consider等后常用it作形式宾语来代替that引导的定语从句。 We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone. The conductor has made it clear that no buses will be running. I consider it necessary that we should a
11、sk him for advice.,巧记,It作形式代词真能干，可把不定式、动名词或从句来代办，而让它们后面站！,Practice time:用形式代词it转换下列名词性从句,1.Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. 2.Why he did the work is easy to understand. 3.That her hair was turning grey worried her a bit. 4.He had won the first prize. We thought it was good news.,Task V.wh
12、ether与if的辨用,表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。 a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if,Practice time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4
13、. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question_ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go. 9._ you are not free tomorrow, Ill go without you.,if / whether,Whether,whether,whether /if,whe
14、ther,whether,whether,whether,If,Task VI.that不可省略的几种情况,1.主语从句、同位语从句中的that不能省略 That they are good at English is known to us all. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.,2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略： （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省； （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Ev
15、eryone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,Practice time:判断下列各句中的that是否可以省略,1.That she was chosen made us very happy. 2.She told me that she would accept my invitation. 3.Sh
16、e said that she would go there on Friday and that she would return the next Wednesday. 4.We think it important that you should do it at once. 5.I didnt tell him anything except that I wasnt be able to find my way back.,Task VII.表语从句中的that, because和why,The reason why she was late was _ he didnt catch
17、 the bus. She was late. Thats _ she didnt catch the bus. She didnt catch the bus. Thats _ she was late.,that,because,why,Task VIII.同位语从句PK定语从句,1.We heard the news that our team had won the game. 2.The news that you told us yesterday was really disappointing.,技巧,试加法/成分法,1.The news was that our team h
18、ad won the game. 2.The news was that you told us.,Practice :判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句,1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. 2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. 4. I cant stand the
19、 terrible noise that she is crying loudly.,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,综合测试,1. The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2. News came _ the students would put off the outing until next week, when they wouldnt be busy. A. thatB. whenC. whichD. whether,C,A,3. Whats the matt
20、er with you? You have no idea _. A. how I was worriedB. how worried was I C. how was I worriedD. how worried I was 4. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats _ I got well all through. A. howB. because C. whyD. that 5. He is absent today. Thats _ he is ill. A. whenB. because C. whyD. that,D,C
21、,B,6. Whether the sports meet will be held _ yet. A. hasnt decidedB. arent decide C. havent been decidedD. isnt decided 7. _ he spoke at the meeting is true, but _ he said isnt interesting. A. What; whatB. That; what C. That; thatD. What; that,D,B,8._ is disappointing that you cant come to my birthd
22、ay party the day after tomorrow. A. ItB. This C. ThatD. Which 9. The news _ three Chinese engineers in Pakistan were killed surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 10.He made _ clear that he would leave soon. A. thatB. thisC. itD. what,A,B,C,总结(Summary) 名词性从句的定义 引导词的由来 名词性从句的语序、时态及单复数概念 名词性从句与it whether与if的辨用 that不可省略的几种情况 表语从句中的that, because和why 同位语从句PK定语从句,Thank you for attending.,