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1、精品_精品资料_高中英语完形填空技巧复旦高校校训：Richin Knowledgeand Tenacious of Purpose ; InquiringwithEarnestness andReflecting with Self-practice.- 博学而笃志,切问而近思.一、完形填空常见体裁（一）记叙文 情节性故事性、情节性、懂得较简洁.明确六个要素：时间、的点、人物、故事的发生、进展和结局.核心：故事的绽开.做题：明确大事内容、理清故事进展线索.（二）说明文 条理性明白主题明确条理是关键.认知过程从段落、分层次、分要点等逐步绽开.（三）谈论文 规律性明白观点（论点）和论据（道理）.阐
2、述观点,自圆其说（正反双方）,环环相扣,表达严谨.（四）常见题材社会生活、人物传记、科技文化、历史的理、政治经济.平常要广闻博览,丰富阅读面.二、完形填空题目设计特（一）首句不设空.（二）上下文规律关系完形填空不仅考察词汇、搭配、语法等独立学问,而且仍考察它们不同语境下构成的相应意义.做完形填空.试题时必需第一明确上下文的的规律关系和意义.因果 ：as a result, consequently, thus, therefore, for this reason,for that reason, because of, on account of, so that, due to, owin
3、g to列举 ： for instance, for example, that is , namely,specifically, one example is , such as 递进 ： not onlybut also,. as well as, moreover, besides, and, neithernor , bothand 比较 ： compare with / to, like, in the same way, similarly, unlike, as well as, by contrast 对比 ： although, while, but, but at the
4、 same time, despite, even so, even though, for all that, however, in contrast,in spite of , nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, regardless, still, though, yet转折 ： but, however, on the other hand, nevertheless, whereas, whereas, while, yet, still, although, even though, in spite of可编辑资料
5、 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_强调 ：indeed, certainly, above all, in addition, in fact, after all, especially, in particular ly, it is true, of course条件 ： if, in case, suppose, provided that, as long as时间 ： after that, from nowon, next, from then on, first, then, secondly, finally,former, previous, meantime, sin
6、ce,since then, after a while, soon, as soon as, before, earlier, until, immediately, in the past, lately, now , shortly, so far,when空间 ： over, above, inside, outside, beside, across, between, before, below, close to, in front of, in the center of, nearby,near to, on top of, on the other side, opposi
7、te to, to the east,to the left次序 ： again, also, and, and then, besides, equally important, finally, first, further, further more, in addition, in the firstplace, last, moreover, next, second, still, too总结： in short, in a word, to sum up, in conclusion, in otherwords, in summary, on the whole三、解题技巧与应
8、计策略一、利用首句来解题,依据全文来挑选首句一般不设空.因此我们应重视首句,并利用首句猜测短文的问题和全文内容.1. I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I wasand when I was 14 he said,“ You re never going to be anything but a failure.”A. brightB. uselessC. simpleD. hopeful2. Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening to
9、the music. Today her little daughter Laurenwas giving her first concert. She had been waiting for this moment for years and years.“ Now it she thought.“ How beautiful h_e1r is.”The song made her go back to the days when she was Laurenage. As a younsg girl, Dorothy wanted to be aconcert singer. She s
10、tudied2_in France, Italy and in the United States.“ You can become a fine3_the future,” her teachers told her.“ But you must be prepared to study hard and worsr.k for many yea1. A. voiceB. faceC. dressD. life2. A. FrenchB. musicC. pianoD. dance3. A. actressB. studentC. singerD. dancer可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下
11、载精品_精品资料_二、依据上下文语境,合理推断来解题1. Our father was a strugglinglawyer, but I always knew he was. He never criticized us,but usedto bring out our best.A. strictB. honestC. specialD. learnedA. helpB. peaceC. smileD. praise2. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although
12、his family often about that, Ed refused to buy aT-shirt or to lose weight.A. caredB. forgotC. quarreledD. jokedA. cleanB. straightC. largerD. darker三、利用语篇标志解题常见语篇标志词语： 结构层次 :firstly, secondly, thirdly .规律关系 ：thus, therefore, so.递进关系 ：besides, whats more, further; 转折关系 ： but, while, however, on the o
13、ther hand 等.She told the front-desk clerk she had had anvacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls ofKodak color film she had not yet developed.A. disappointingB . wonderfulC. uncomfortableD. important因此,我们要善于找出（“三找 ”）：一找 .规律关系题（转折、让步、说明、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进） 二找 .NOT （在原文中找 not）三找 .AND （在原文
14、中找and）四、依据规律推懂得题 and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a verystrangequite pleasant taste.A. besidesB. butC. andD. or五、依据常识和文化背景的角度来挑选The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world.Owningsprings and streams sometimes means control, par
15、ticularly in theareas like the desert.A dryB distantC desertedD wild可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_六、从语法角度来解题I went into a cafand asked for a coffee .I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people inthe place, but I sensed loneliness.A BeforeB SinceC AlthoughD While2. Have you ever sho
16、uted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then_later you had kept your mouth shut.23. A. wishedB. hopedC. blamedD. shared解题思路： 利用语法分析解题,选项中的动词都是过去式,其后句宾语从句had kept 是过去完成时,故判定是虚拟.七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming.So he shouldn t hav
17、e gone into that place.A.after allB. in allC.at allD. for all八、从词语辨析的角度来解题When, two weeks later, Ithis same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should enjoy this country as the son of a minister.A. ran afterB. ran intoC. ran overD. ran to九依据找复现同现解题复现复现是一种词汇连接手段,它通过原词、同义词、反义词、
18、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式,重复显现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯,有机的连接在一起.因此,考生可依据文章的详细情形,懂得文章的结构和语境,利用文章中的复现现象来挑选正确答案.1原词复现. 为了表达的需要,在详细的上下文中同一个单词重复显现.如：All of a sudden I started to feel rather. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of. I felt even more helpless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a
19、job without experience.A. encouragedB. dissatisfiedC. helplessD. pleasedA. placeB. jobC. adviceD. help(2) 同义词、近义词复现.同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式,或说明性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来.如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_That is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for theof it. The va
20、lue in dollars is not important; we do it for the pleasure it gives us.A. benefitB. goodC. funD. interest(3) 反义词复现. 语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采纳反义复现的手段,或者是以反义的方式对前文加以说明,考生可以从反义的角度判定正确的选项.如：Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because itdoesn tyour money; it only tightens it.A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD
21、.reduce(4) 同源词复现. 对于上下文语义复现的表达,仍可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词.如：Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students. If a long reading assignment is given, the instructors expect students to be familiarwith the informationin the reading Whenresearch is , the professor expects the st
22、udent to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.A. collectedB. assignedC. distributedD. finished(5) 上义词复现. 上义词具有概括的作用.在篇章中,有时为了表达的需要,作者会先概述,再分述.概述时用的为上义词,分述就用比较详细的下义词,两者为总分关系.如：Other times, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of: agriculture, diving and mathematics.A
23、. questionsB. subjectsC. mattersD. contents同现同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时显现在同一句话或同一语篇中,以确保语篇的和谐性、得体性.由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同,因此所使用的上下文也各有差异.(1) 场所同现. 如：Ondays, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.A. sunnyB. rainyC. cloudyD. snowy(2) 修饰同现. 如：Althoughthese wide modern roads are generallyand well maintain
24、ed, with littlesharp curvesand many straight, a direct route is not always the most enjoyable one.A. stableB. smoothC. splendidD. complicatedA. selections3 因果同现.B. separations如：C. seriesD. sections“Hooray . ” shouted the crowd. It was the loudestI had ever heard at a meeting.The first-place runner w
25、as two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line.A. cheerB. shoutC. cryD. noise可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(4) 结构同现. 如：Sometimes he would invite a student to a game of chess., he would join student groups to discuss a variety of subjects: agriculture, diving, mathematics.A. As a matter of fac
26、tB. Later onC. Other timesD. In general(5) 同义同现. 如：If a student has problem with classroom work, the student should eithera professor duringoffice hours or make an appointment.A. greetB. attachC. approachD. annoy十、语法学问纵观历次四级考试完形填空试题,常考语法项目有：1）名次单复数.2） 形容词和副词的一般级、比较级和最高级.3）动词的时态和语态.4）分词结构和不定式.5）定语从句.6）宾语从句.7）倒装结构.十一、习惯用法与固定搭配考点： 懂得主旨大意.寻读详细信息.懂得细节.依据上下文供应语境估计生词词义,进而加深对文段的懂得.简洁的判定和推理.懂得文段的基本规律结构.懂得作者的意图和态度.懂得文段的文化信息：词汇语法娴熟程度可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载