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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 中学英语名词复数可数名词有单数（Singular Form ）和复数 Plural Form 两种形式；表示一个人或物用单数形式,表示一个以上的人或物用复数形式；1一般在词尾加-s；s 在浊辅音后面读z,在清辅音后面读s,在 t后与 t一起读 ts ,在 d 后与 d一起读 dz ；例如：book books 书 day days 天、日dog dogs 狗 tree trees 树2以 s,sh,ch, x 结尾的词在词尾加-es,读 iz例如：glass glasses 玻璃杯 watch watches 手表box boxes 盒子
2、brush brushes 刷3以 o 结尾的词有些加-es ,读 z；有些加 -s,读 s；例如：tomato tomatoes 西红柿 potato potatoes 土豆photo photos 相片 radio radios 收音机 zoo zoos 动物园4以 f 或 fe 结尾的词,先把f 改为 v,再加 es ,读 vz ；例如：knife knives 小刀 leaf leaves 树叶life lives 生命 thief thieves 小偷5以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,先把 y 改为 i,再加 -es,读 z；例如：story stories 故事 city cities
3、城市family families 家庭 baby babies 婴儿留意： boy boys 男孩 toy toys 玩具 key keys 钥匙6有些名词有不规章的复数形式；例如：man men 男人woman women 妇女tooth teeth 牙齿foot feet 脚7有些名词的单复数形式相同；例如；deer deer 鹿 sheep sheep 绵羊Chinese Chinese 中国人 Japanese Japanese 日本人8有些学科名词虽以 s 结尾,但通常都做单数名词看待；例如：physics 物理 maths 数学 politics 政治 news 新闻9有些单数形
4、式的名词具有复数的含义,要当作复数看待；例如：people 人们,人民police 警察public 公众练习_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 一、写出以下名词的复数形式；o movie piao life knife fryleaf photo radizoo tomato cat potato bus watch box book map film door month horse picture class boy tooth woman eye tooth German Chinese man foot
5、ball child 挑选填空：classroom monkey Frenchman 二、1. There are some _ on the hill. A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes 2. Mr Black often gives us _ by Email. A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information 3. There are some new books in the school librar
6、y. They are _ books. A. child B. childrens C. children D. childrens 4. I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new _ . A. pair B. one C. ones D. trousers 5. Meimeis handwriting is better than any other _ in his class. A. students B. students C. students D. students 6. The hospital is a bit far
7、from here. Its about _ . A. forty minutess walk B. forty minutes walk _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes walk 7. How many _ are there in your class . A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian 8. I found my black cat in_ room. A.
8、Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mikes C. Jims and Mikes D. Jims and Mike 9. How much are the _ . A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes 10. There are many _ in our school. A. woman teachers B. womans teachers C. women teachers D. womens teachers 11. Three months _ a long time for me. A. is B. are C. have
9、 D. has 12. There are _ and _ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges 三、挑选填空：B:men doctors C:men doctor D:man do1.They are_ A:man doctor ctors 2There ar
10、e five_ in the hill. C: goose A:sheep B:sheeps D:deers 3 Those white socks_small. B:is C: am A:are D:do _精品资料_ 4We have many_in our school. C: woman teachers D:women teacher 第 3 页,共 10 页A:woman teacher B:women teachers 5Do you like _. - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - A:vegetable B: vegetables
11、 C:an vegetable 6How many_do they have. C:a C:a picture D:volA:picture B: pictures 7There are six _in the room. volleyball A:volleyball B:volleyballs leyballs 8Are these _teachers. B:women milk C:womans molk A:woman 9It is _. B:a C:an A:milk D:milks 10Itsa _.It isn tan _. C:egg,orange, D:eA:apple, e
12、gg B;cake,egg gg,cake 11Tom and Jim are _. B:friend C:brother A:friends D:sister 12Where are his _._the dresser. are on C:keys, It is at D:key,IA:keys ,They are on B:key, They t is in 13Are those your _. C:apples A:bookes B:boxs D:apple 14There is _in our room. B:five maps and a piA:a picture and fi
13、ve maps cture C:two pictures and five maps D: two picture and fivemap _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 中学英语语法大全一、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不行数名词,而不行数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下：一）在后面加 s；如： fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二） x, sh, ch, s, tch 后加 es；如： boxes
14、, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三） 1）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es 如： baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 s；如： day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以 o 结尾加 s（外来词）；如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加 o 的加 es：如: t
15、omatoes 西红柿 , potatoes马铃薯五）以 f 或 fe 结尾的变 f 为 v 再加 ess ；如： knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子 , Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有复数,没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：
16、police 警察局,警察 , class 班,同学 , family 家,家庭成员九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词；如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但假如是由 man 或 woman 所组成的合成词的复数就同时为复数；如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的单复数意思不同；如：fish 鱼 fishes 鱼的种类 , paper 纸 papers 报纸,卷子,论文 , work 工作works 作品,工厂 , glass 玻璃 glas
17、ses 玻璃杯,眼镜 , orange 桔子水 oranges 橙子 , light 光线 lights 灯, people人 peoples 民族 , time 时间 times 时代 , 次数 , chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加 s 或s；如： Is Is, Ks K；但如是缩略词就只加 s；如： IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二）特别形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-En
18、glishmen 二、名词的格1当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用全部格形式；构成如下：一）单数在后面加s；如： brother s, Mike s, teachers Teachers Day老师节 , 二）复数以s 结尾的直接在s 后加 ,假如不是以s 结尾的与单数一样处理；如：classmates ; Childrens Day 六一节 , Womens Day 三八节s,但分别拥有时却分别三）由 and 并列的名词全部时,假如是共同全部同一人或物时,只加最终一个按单数形式处理；如：Mike and Ben s room 迈克和本的房间（共住一间）,Mikes and Ben
19、 s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2代词项目 人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词myself itself 人称主格 宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I me my mine 复数we us our ours ourselves 其次人称单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三人称单数she her her hers herself he him his his himself it i
20、t its its this that 复数they them their theirs these those themselves 3动词A） 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应当像名词的单数变动词那样加 s,如下：一）一般在词后加 s；如： comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在 x, sh, ch, s, tch 后加 es；如： watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三） 1）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es；如： study-studies, hurry-hu
21、rries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 s；如： plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以 o 结尾加 es ；如： does, goes 五）特别的有：are-is, have-has B） 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下：一）一般在后加 ing ；如： spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-
22、doing 二）以不发音e 的结尾的去掉e 再加 ing；如： dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母一个辅音字母（留意除开字母组合如 show showing, draw-drawing ）要双写最终的辅音字母再加 begin-beginning ing；如： put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, 四）以 ie 结尾的变 ie 为 y 再加 ing ；如：
23、 tie-tying 系 die-dying 死 lie-lying 位于4形容词的级 我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,就要使用比较或最高级形式；构成如下：一） 一般在词后加er 或 est假如是以 e 结尾就直接加r 或 st；如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 二）以重读闭音节结尾且1 个元音字母 1 个
24、辅音字母 字母组合除外, 如 few-fewer fewest结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加 er /est ；如： big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三）以辅音字母y 结尾的变 y 为 i 加 er/est ；如： happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliestmore friendly most friendly, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特
25、别情形：两好多坏,一少老远 good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill worse worst little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5数词基变序,有规章；一、二、三,自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y 结尾,变为 i, eth跟上去； first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirte
26、enth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth 二、句式1.陈述句确定陈述句a This is a book. be动词 t look nice. b He looks very young. 连系动词 c I want a sweat like this. 实义动词 d I can bring some things to school. 情态动词 e There s a computer on my desk. There be结构 否定陈述句a These aren t their books. b
27、They donc Kate doesnt go to No. 4 Middle School. d Kate cant find her doll.e There isnt a cat here. =Theres no cat here. 2. 祈使句确定祈使句a Please go and ask the man. b Lets learn English. c Come in, please. 否定祈使句a Don t be late. b Dont hurry. 3. 疑问句1 一般疑问句a Is Jim a student. b Can I help you. c Does she
28、like salad. d Do they watch TV. e Is she reading. 确定回答 : a Yes, he is. b Yes, you can. c Yes, she does. d Yes, they do. e Yes, she is. 否定回答 : a No, he isnt.b No, you cant. c No, she doesnt. d No, they dont. e No, she isn t. 2 挑选疑问句Is the table big or small. 回答It s big./ Its small. 3 特别疑问句_精品资料_ 问年龄H
29、ow old is Lucy. She is twelve. 第 7 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 问种类What kind of movies do you like. I like action movies and comedies. 问身体状况 How is your uncle. He is well/fine. 问方式 How do/can you spell it. L-double O-K. How do we contact you. My e-mail address is cindyjones. 问缘由 W
30、hy do you want to join the club. 问时间 Whats the time. =What time is it. Its a quarter to ten a.m. What time do you usually get up, Rick. At five oclock. When do you want to go. Let s go at 7:00. 问地方 Wheres my backpack. It s under the table. 问颜色 What color are they. They are light blue. Whats your fav
31、o urite color. It s black. 问人物 Whos that. It s my sister. Who is the boy in blue. My brother. Who isn t at school. Peter and Emma. Who are Lisa and Tim talking to. 问东西Whats this/that in English.It s a pencil case. What else can you see in the picture. I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hambur
32、gers. （11 ）问姓名Whats your aunts name. Her name is Helen./Shes Helen. Whats your first name. My first names Ben. Whats your family name. My family names Smith. 12 问哪一个Which do you like. I like one in the box. 13 问字母What letter is it. It s big D/small f. 14 问价格How much are these pants. Theyre 15 dollar
33、s. 15 问电话号码Whats your phon e number. It s 576-8349. 16 问谓语 动作 What s he doing.Hes watching TV. 17 问职业 身份 What do you do. I m a teacher. Whats your father.Hes a doctor. 三、时态1、一般现在时 表示普遍、常常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有：Be 动词： Shes a worker. Is sh e a worker. She isn t a worker. 情态动词： I can play the piano. Can
34、you play the piano. I can t play the piano. 行为动词： They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes. _精品资料_ They don t want to eat any tomatoes. t have a watch. 第 8 页,共 10 页Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch. Gina doesn- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2、现在进行时表示动
35、词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它；Theyre listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music. They aren t listening to the pop music.A）名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不行数名词,而不行数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下：一）在后面加 s；如： fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二） x, sh, ch, s, tch
36、后加 es；如： boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三） 1）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es 如： baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 s；如： day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以 o 结尾加 s（外来词）；如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音
37、加 o 的加 es：如: tomatoes 西红柿 , potatoes马铃薯五）以 f 或 fe 结尾的变 f 为 v 再加 ess ；如： knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子 , Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有复数,没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）单词形式不变,既
38、可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police 警察局,警察 , class 班,同学 , family 家,家庭成员九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词；如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但假如是由 man 或 woman 所组成的合成词的复数就同时为复数；如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的单复数意思不同；如：fish 鱼 fishes 鱼的种类 , paper 纸 papers 报纸,卷子,论文 , work 工作 works 作品,工厂
39、, glass 玻璃 glasses 玻璃杯,眼镜 , orange 桔子水 oranges 橙子 , light光线 lights 灯, people 人 peoples 民族 , time 时间 times 时代 , 次数 , chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加 s 或s；如： Is Is, Ks K；但如是缩略词就只加 s；如： IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二）特别形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen
40、, Englishman-Englishmen B）名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用全部格形式；构成如下：_精品资料_ 一）单数在后面加s；如： brother s, Mike s, teachers Teachers Day老师节 , 二）复数以s 结尾的直接在s 后加 ,假如不是以s 结尾的与单数一样处理；如：classmates ; Childrens Day 六一节 , Womens Day 三八节第 9 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 三）由 and 并列的名词全部时,假如是共同全部同一人或物时,只加最终一个s,_精品资料_ I m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball. I m not playing baseball. 第 10 页,共 10 页Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter. Nancy isn t writing a letter. Are they listening the pop music. They aren t listening to the pop music.- - - - - - -