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1、-英语必修三unit3知识点总结-第 8 页Part1.Warmingup1.HewasbroughtupinHannibal，Missouri，alongtheMississippiRiver.他在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。bringup抚养；培养；呕吐；教育；提出Helefthertobringupthethreeyoungchildrenonherown.(抚养)Ishallbringupthisquestionatthenextmeeting.(提出)Hewassosickthathebroughtupeverything.(呕吐)Inmyday,childrenwerebr
2、oughtuptorespectthelaw.(教育)拓展：bringabout引起；致使；造成；达成bringalong/on带来bringback使记起；归还；恢复bringdown使减低；降低；挫伤(傲气)bringforth产生；产出；生产bringforward提出；出示；展示bringout揭露；显示，解释；出版bringto(oneself)使复苏bringin引进；引来；赚得巧学助记：Theplanhebroughtuphasbroughtdownthecostofproductionandbroughtinalotofprofit,whichbroughtthecompany
3、backtolife.他提出的方案降低了成本，带来了大量利润，使公司恢复了生机。Canyoumakeasentencetobringoutthemeaningofthephrase?你能造个句子来讲清楚这个短语的意思吗？Thefineweatherisbringingthecropsonnicely.这样的好天气使庄稼更加茁壮成长。Thephotographsbroughtbackmanypleasantmemories.那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。Scienceandtechnologyhasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.科学技术给我们生活带来了诸多
4、变化。Hemadeeveryefforttobringdownthecostofliving.他竭力降低生活费用。2.Heisknownforhisnovelssetinhisboyhoodworldontheriver,besetin以。为背景setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事setaside留出setoff动身；使爆炸setout出发；着手做setdown记下；放下Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1scenen.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色thesceneofthecrime犯罪现场behindthescenes暗中，秘密地，在
5、幕后(come)onthescene出现，到场，在场setthescene(为)作好准备，(为)设置舞台即学即练1(1)Ourreporterwasthefirstperson_(到现场)(2)Therockingboatsalongtheriverbank_(构成一道美丽的风景)(3)Theboyledhismotherto_(事故现场)onthescenemakeabeautifulscenethesceneoftheaccident2.Twooldandwealthybrothers,RoderickandOliver,havemadeabet. bet1)n.赌博，赌注；预言，可组成短
6、语：makeabetwithsb.onsth.跟某人就打赌win/loseabet打赌赢/输place/putabetonsth.在上下赌注2)v.打赌，赌博Ibethim100yuanthatIwouldclimbtothetopofthemountainwithoutanyhelp.我和他打赌100块钱，说我不需要帮助就可以爬到山顶。Wemadeabetonthefifthhorseintherace.在这次比赛中，我们赌5号马。Mybetisthatheistoturnupattheparty.我想他一定会出席晚会的。特殊句式：1）Ibetthat.我敢肯定2）youbet你可以确信，的
7、确，当然Ibetthathewillfailintheexam.我敢肯定他考试不及格。3.Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.permitvt.允许，许可nC许可证，执照permissionn.U许可，准许，允许permitdoingsth.允许做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事with/withoutonespermissionwith/withoutthepermissionofsb.(不)在某人的允许下即学即练2(1)Sherefusedto_.她拒不同意。(2)Doyouhaveadrivers_？你有驾驶执照吗？(3)_，wellgooutforap
8、icnic.时间允许，我们就去野餐。(4)Thepoliceman_there.Thepoliceman_there.警察允许他在那里停车。giveherpermissionpermitTimepermittingpermittedhisparkingpermittedhimtopark(2012银川一中月考)Onlyunderspecialcircumstancestotakethosetests.A.arefreshmenpermittedB.freshmenarepermittedC.permittedarefreshmenD.arepermittedfreshmen4.Iwonder,
9、ifyoudmindusaskingafewquestions.Iwonder+if从句：不知某人（itis）nowonderthat.难怪Iwonderifyoucouldlendmeyourdictionary.不知你能否借你的词典给我。即时强化练习：翻译下列句子：1)不知他是否自视太高。2)不知他是否听到了我们的讲话。【答案】1)Iwonderifhethinkstoomuchofhimself.2)Iwonderifhehasheardwhatweweretalkingabout.mind1）v.照看，留心；对某物介意，反对某事物mindsth.当心某物mindsb./onesdoin
10、gsth.介意某人干某事2）n.感知，思维和感觉的能力makeuponesmind下决心havesth.inmind想到，考虑到keepinmind记住changeonesmind改变主意Nevermind不要紧，没关系例句:Mindyourbehaviorandwordswhileattheparty.聚会期间注意你的言行。Wouldyoumindmynottellingthetruth?我没讲实话你介意吗？Itiseasyforhimtomakeuphismindandalsoeasytochangeit.他下决心容易，但改变主意也一样容易。【词汇网络】1)makeuponesmind下决
11、心，做决定makeadecision下决心，做决定2)minded有头脑的open-minded头脑开放的，坦率的3)minddoingsth=caretodosth介意做某事5.goahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；说吧；干吧goaheadwith开始做某事(be)aheadof在之前；领先于；胜过aheadoftime/inadvance提前aheadoftime/schedule提前easyahead!慢进！fullspeedahead!全速前进。即学即练7写出下列句中goahead的意思。(1)Ifyouthinkyoucansettletheproblem,goahead.
12、_(2)Thepoliceexaminedthecarsandallowedthemtogoahead._(3)ImafraidIhavetotroubleyouwithaquestion.Goahead._(4)Thegovernmentintendstogoaheadwithitsprivatizationplans._开始干吧继续前行请说吧推行；开始做goup上涨；上升；攀登gooff离去；爆炸goagainst违反，违背goover走过去；仔细检查；复习goallout(todo)全力(去做)goout熄灭goby流逝；过去gowithout忍受某事物的缺乏；没有某事物也可应付Shew
13、entagainsthermotherswishes.她违背了她母亲的意愿。Astimewentby，Iwasmadesmaller.随着岁月的流逝，我被做的越来越小Thereisaslim/slightchancethat.不大可能即学即练9(1)Youshouldnever_whendrivingacar.开车时千万别冒险。(2)Wehadntplannedtomeet.Wemet_.我们原未打算相见，是偶然遇见的。(3)_shesalreadyheardthenews.可能她已经听到那则消息了。takechancesbychanceChancesarethat3.Asforthebill
14、,sir,pleaseforgetit.asfor关于；至于即学即练10(1)_thecauseofthefire,Idontknowanything.至于火灾的原因，我一点也不知道。(2)Wehadawonderfultimeinthecountry._thetraffic,wehadnodifficulty.我们在乡下度过了一个愉快的周末。至于交通，我们没遇到任何困难。拓展：asfor与asto都是介词短语，意思相近，都是“至于，关于；就而言，就来说”之意。aswith“与一样”。Astothejourney,wemustdecideaboutthatlater.至于旅行，我们必须以后再作
15、决定。asto关于，有关asfollows如下asusual照例，照常asisusualwith.和往常一样asitis/was事实上，照现在/后来的样子aswith如同一样；就像一样Asisusualwithher，sheboughtthepairofshoesimpulsively.她像往常一样，很冲动地买了那双鞋。IwantedtogotoTokyoforvacation，butasitis，IllbeluckyifIcangocampinghere.我本想去东京度假，但事实上，如果能在这里野营就不错了。4.Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateve
16、ryoulike.您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么，你就一定要来呀！(1)whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。(2)whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。(3)“nomatter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。(4)however的用法主要有以下三点需要注意：用做连接副词，相当于nomatterhow，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样；无论
17、如何”，具体结构为：however形容词/副词主语谓语。例如：Howeverrichpeopleare,theyalwaysseemanxioustomakemoremoney.无论人们有多富裕，他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。用做连词，表示“不管用什么方法”。however还可作“然而”讲，是副词，不能引导从句，常用逗号隔开。(5)whichever,whatever在句中还可做定语。Eatwhichevercakeyoulike.你可以吃任何一块你想吃的蛋糕。即境活用3(1)_hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.AWh
18、ateverBWheneverCWhereverDHowever解析：“howeveradj.主谓”表示“无论多么”。答案：D(2)_teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.ANomatterwhatBNomatterwhichCWhateverDWhichever解析：根据句子结构可知，本题考查名词性从句，排除A、B项。whatever和whichever的不同在于前者没有范围而后者有范围，本句中指“周六参加比赛的获胜队”，是有范围的，故选whichever。运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵之WhenI
19、wastwelveyearsold,IfoundaninterestingplaywrittenbyMarkTwain(1)_(偶然地)Thewritertoldusanunbelievablestory.Ididlikeitverymuchand(2)_(正是这个故事)mademeinterestedinMarkTwainsworks.Inthestory,tworichEnglishbrothers(3)_(对打赌)pennilessHenry,whowas(4)_(衣衫褴褛),givingimamillionpoundbanknote.Withthebanknote,hemetmanya
20、dventures.Becauseofhis(5)_(寒酸的外表),Henryreceivedbadservicesinmanyplaces.Butaftertheysawthebanknote,thosewho(6)_(看不起；轻视)himallchangedtheirattitude.Evenoneoftherichbrothersdaughter(7)_(爱上)him.ThestoryhappeningtoHenry(8)_vividly_(对作出解释)themoneysocietythosedays.byaccident/chanceitwasthisstorythatmadeabet
21、oninragspoorappearancelookeddownuponfellinlovewithaccountsfor本单元语法宾语从句和表语从句1(2011安徽皖南八校联考)Youknow，ImpoorinChinese，youarenotgoodatEnglish，and.Thats_weshouldhelpeachother.AwhenBwhereChowDwhat解析：考查名词性从句。where引导的从句作表语，where在句中的意思是“的地方”。答案：B2(2011北京东城区期末)Water，whichseemssosimpleandcommon，is_makeslifeposs
22、ible.AwhatBthatCwhichDhow解析：考查表语从句。名词性从句的解题原则是“缺什么补什么”，此处表语从句“_makeslifepossible”中缺少“主语”，同时“主语”不表示“人”，用what(表示人时应该选用who)。答案：A3(2011北京海淀区期末)SorryImsolate，butyoucannotimagine_greattroubleItooktofindyourhouse.AwhatBhowCwhichDwhy解析：考查宾语从句。takegreattroubletodosomething表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，
23、what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词或副词。答案：A4(2010成都毕业班诊断性检测)ProfessorBackmantookupscientificresearchfordecades，andthisis_hedevotedallhislifeto.AwhichBwhatCwhereDhow解析：考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。答案：B5Afterfivehoursdrive，theyreached_theythoughtwastheplacetheyhadbeendreamingof.AwhereBwhatCwhichDthat解析：考查宾语从句。句意为：驱车五个小时之后，他们来到了他们认为是他们一直梦寐以求的地方。句中what引导宾语从句，且作从句的主语，其中theythought是插入语。答案：B