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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -中学英语语法 :八种时态详解与练习一概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,需用不同的动词形式表示,这种不同的动词形式称为时态.二 种类：（基本时态）一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时一般现在时一、概念： 常常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况.二、常搭配的时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays, etc
2、.三、基本结构be 动词（ is,am,are）.行为动词 主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要加 s 或 es外否定形式： am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词如为行为动词,就在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数,就用 doesnt,同时仍原行为动词.一般疑问句：把be 动词放于句首.用助动词do 提问,如主语为第三人称单数,就用 does,同时,仍原行为动词.例句：I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学.Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I learned
3、that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary schoo我l.在学校就学可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_过的球是环绕太阳转的.Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败.四、基本用法：1 描述当前时间内常常显现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - -
4、- - - - - - - - -在这种情形中,句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_week month , year , etc. , sometimes , seldom , usuall等y习惯性的、常常性的.例如：等,以表示句中的动作或状态是可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_They raise ducks as a sideline他.们以养鸭为副业.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_She does
5、nt often write to her family, only once a month.她不常给家里写信,仅一月一封而已.I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_It seldom rains here 这.儿很少下雨.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特点、才能等等.这里的目的是为了 描述现阶段的动作或状态 ,其重点 不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态 .例如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He can speak five foreign l
6、anguages他.能说五种外语.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_That is a beautiful city .那是座漂亮的城市.Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长河流之一.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_She majors in music 她.主修音乐.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_All my family love football . 我全家人都喜爱足球.（强调每个家人）My sister is always ready to
7、 help others .我妹妹总是乐于助人.3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理.顾名思义,客观的情形是 没有时间概念 的.也 不会在意动作进行的状态 .例如： The earth goes around the sun的. 球围着太阳转.Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Light travels faster than sound 光.的速度比声音的速度快.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The United States lies by the west
8、coast of the Pacific Ocean美.国位于太平洋西岸.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4) 依据英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作.例如：Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告知他这个消息.If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.假如你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节.用于一般现在时的副词, 除了上面提到的一些表示频率的词以外,常
9、见的仍有： now,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -today , nowadays等等.练习题：用动词的适当形式填空：1. Why Tom absent today . be 2. Mike goto school at seven in the morning. 3.Mymother like go shopping.4.I can
10、drawmanybeautifulpictures. 5.Doeshe like jump . 6.The students speak English in class. 7.The student speak Chinese after class.8. Lets and play football . go 9. He like swimming . not 10. your sister study English at school . No , she . do 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1 I write to you as soon as I get to London.2.
11、He doesnt feel well and not eat any food this morning.3. He not see me come in, for he read something with great interest.4. Dont make a niose. Grandpa sleep.5. It take me two hours to finish my homework last night.6. What your mother do at eight yesterday evening. She wash clothes.7. it rain when s
12、chool was over yesterday.8 The teacher told us the earth move round the sun.单项挑选：1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it tomorrow. A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain3. The picture nice.A. looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共
13、 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -4. She down and soon fell asleep.A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you back next week.A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Dont smoke until the plane off.A.takes B.t
14、ook C.was taken D.is take8. I saw her the room this morning.A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters11. He told us at eight.A. working B. to work C. work D. worked12. Youd better at home and your homework.A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do14. Uncle Wang knows a washing machi
15、ne.A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave 4）改句子可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. We have four lessons（.否定句）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2.I have many books.（改为否定句）3.Gao Shans sister likes playi
16、ng table tennis（ 改 为 否 定 句 ） 4.She lives in a small town near New York.（改为一般疑问句）5.I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）6. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_7. We have four lessons（.否定句）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_8. Tom does his homework at home.否定句 : 一般疑问句 : 划线提问I. usually play football
17、on Friday afternoon. 否定句 : 一般疑问句 : 划线提问可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -一般过去时一、概念： 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态.过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为.二、常搭配的时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last weekyear, nigh
18、t, month, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.三、基本结构 ：be 动词的过去式（ was/were）.行为动词的过去式（即在动词原形后加ed,不规章变化的动词除外）否定形式： was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时仍原行为动词.一般疑问句： was 或 were 放于句首.用助动词do 的过去式 did 提问,同时仍原行为动词.一般过去时用谓语动词的过去式构成,即在动词原形后加ed,不规章变化的特别动词除外.例句：He was here
19、just now. 他刚才仍在这里.What did you do yesterday. 你昨天做了什么事？We often played together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn四、基本用法他过去t n经ow常. 抽烟,但现在不抽了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态.它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里常常发生的习惯性动作.这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同,只是所在的
20、时间区域不同而已.由于它的主要作用如此,所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较详细的过去时间状语.这也是它与现在完成时的最大区分之一.常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night week ,month , year , century , etc. , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning afternoon , evening , in 1999 , two可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_hours ago one week ago , tree years ago ,等等.可编辑
21、资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_使用一般过去时,在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -时候.过去 的时间概念有两层意思：一是指现在某个时间 以前的时间.二是指 说话、写文章的那个时间点 以前的时间,在这个意义上,现在的那个时间点 是很小很小的,甚至于小到无法量化的程度.例如：He
22、 got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照.-Wheres Jim. 吉姆在哪里？-He just went out.他刚刚出去.练习:写出以下动词的过去式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_is/am fly plant are drink 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_play go make do/doesworry 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_eat draw put throw pass 可
23、编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. The little dog two years old this year.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Childrens Day. All the students very excited.句型变换：1 There was a car in front of the house just
24、now.否定句： 一般疑问句： 确定回答： 否定回答： 2 They played football in the playground.否定句： 一般疑问句： 确定回答： 否定回答： 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. I watch a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father r
25、ead a newspaper last night.3. It be the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White go to his office by car.4. you visit your relatives last Spring Festival.5. Gao Shan put the book on his head a moment ago.6. Dont the house. Mum it yesterday. clean7. What she find in the garden last morning. She find a bea
26、utiful butterfly.8. What you just now. I some housework. do 9 We all have a good time last night.10. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. read11. He football now, but they basketball just now. play句型转换：1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句） Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat i
27、n the fridge（冰箱） .（变一般疑问句 he meat in the fridge. 3、She stayed there for a week（. 对划线部分提问） she there.4、There was some orange in the cup（. 变一般疑问句 there orange in the cup.中译英：1. 我过了一个劳碌但却刺激的周末.I exciting weekend. 2 Jenny喜爱看书.昨晚她看了一本英语书.Jenny likes . She an English book last night.3. Emma 每天都看电视.可是昨天他没有
28、看.Emma TV every day. But he yesterday.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了.What they Saturday.They homework and .一般将来时一、概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事.二、时间状语： tomorrow
29、, next dayweek, month, year,soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, 等.三、基本结构am/is/are/going to + do. will/shall + do.否定形式： was/were + not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时仍原行为动词. 一般疑问句： be 放于句首. will/shall提到句首.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_如： Telephone me this evening. I ll be at hom今e晚.给我打电话,我会在家.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎
30、下载精品_精品资料_I ll shall/will do a better job next time.下次我要干得好些.The car won t star车t. 开不了啦.Oil and water will not mix.油和水没法混在一起.四、基本用法：主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于将来的情形.这里所说的“将来时间 ”是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间”.它的表示方法主要有如下几种：1） shall / will +动词原形这种表示方法是说,动作在现在或目前仍未发生,要在将来的某个时间内发生.它没有主观性,是“纯粹的将来动作 ”.例如：I shall / will not be
31、free tomorrow . 我明天没空.He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里.2) be am / is / are + going +不定式这种表示方法主要是说明A ）“说话人的意图、准备 ”.B） “某种可能性 ”.例如：A) He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他准备在伦敦度假.Who is going to speak first. 谁先发言？B) It is going to rain soon .立刻要下雨了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选
32、- - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Is he going to collect any data for us.他会帮我们收集资料吗？If you go to New Zealand, you are going to like the place. 假如你去新西兰, 你会喜爱上那个的方的.3) be am / is / are + 不定式表示方法描述两钟情形：按方案支配要发生的动作,这个动作发生的时间一般
33、不会很远.要求或命令他人做某事.例如：A) The new bridge is to open to traffic in three days. 新桥三天后通车.The factory is to go into production before National Day. 这家工厂国庆节前投产.B) You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room .任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场.You are to stay home until your mother comes back.你妈回来之前你不
34、要出去.4) 用一般现在时或现在进行时（限于某些动词）表示按方案支配要发生的事.主要强调“按方案支配要发生的事 ”.例如：Do you get off at the next stop. 你下一站下车吗？The plane takes off at 11:00 a.m.那架飞机上午十一点起飞.Mr. Reider is leaving for New York next week. 里德先生下周动身去纽约.五、表示将来的五种常用非时态方式1. “b不e+定式 ”：表示命令、支配、倾向或必需、义务等.如：She is to play Juliet. 她扮演朱丽叶.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载
35、精品_精品资料_You are to make the necessary changes你.要做出必要的转变.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. “be about to不+ 定式 ”：表示即将发生的动作,有 “即将”的意思,但不能和详细的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_时间状语连用.如：The package is about to come unwrapped那.个包快散开了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. “be going 不+定式 ”：表示按方案或支配准备去做某事,或表示有迹象说
36、明要发生可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_某事.如：We are going to call her this evening.我们准备今晚给她打电话.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_My sisters going to have a baby this summ我e姐r.姐今年夏天要生孩子.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. 用现在进行时表示将来：主要表示按规定或时间估计要发生的事.如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The students are leaving on Sunday学.生们星期日动身.可编辑资料 - - -
37、 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Were having a party next week.我们下星期将开一个晚会.5. 用一般现在时表示将来：表示按规定或时间估计要发生的事.如：We have a holiday tomorrow. 我们明天放假.The train leaves at 10:04 this e
38、vening.火车今晚 10:04 分开.练习一、单项挑选 1. There a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be 2. Charlie here next month.A. isnt workingB. doesnt workingC. isnt going to workingD. wont work 3. He very busy this week, he free next week.A. will be; isB. is
39、; isC. will be; will beD. is; will be 4. a concert next Saturday.A. There will beB. Will there beC. There can beD. There are 5. If they come, we a meeting.A. haveB. will haveC. hadD. would have 6. He to us as soon as he gets there.A. writesB. has writtenC. will writeD. wrote 7. He in three days.A. c
40、oming backB. came backC. will come backD. is going to coming back 8. If it tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rainB. wont rainC. doesnt rainD. doesnt fine 9. The day after tomorrow they a volleyball match.A. will watchingB. watchesC. is watchingD. are going to watch 10. He there at ten tomorro
41、w morning.A. willB. isC. will beD. be 11. - Lets go out to play football, shall we.- OK. I .A. will comingB. be going to comeC. comeD. am coming可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - - 12. It us a long time to learn English well.A. takesB. will takeC. spendsD. will spend 13. The train at 11.A. going to arriveB. will be arriveC. is