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1、第二部分 语法专题 专题十五 情景交际,精讲必备考点,考点一 问候,考点二 介绍,考点三 告别,考点四 感谢,考点五 道歉,考点六 邀请,考点七 请求允许,考点八 祝愿、祝贺,考点九 提供帮助,考点十 约会,考点十一 打电话及接电话,考点十二 就餐,考点十三 看病,考点十四 购物,考点十五 问路,考点十六 谈论天气,考点十七 语言交际困难,考点十八 警告和禁止,考点十九 劝告,考点二十 建议,考点二十一 表示同意或不同意,考点二十二 喜好、厌恶和和偏爱,考点二十三 表示肯定、否定及不确定,考点二十四 关心和焦虑,考点二十五 赞美、恭维,考点二十六 爱好,考点二十七 询问国籍、籍贯、姓名及职业,
2、考点二十八 表示遗憾、同情,考点二十九 时间和日期,考点三十 意愿、计划和希望,考点三十一 判断和意见,考点一 问候 1直接问候的常用语 Hello / Hi. Hello / Hi. Good morning / afternoon / evening. Good morning / afternoon / evening. How do you do? How do you do? Glad / Nice to meet you Glad / Nice to meet you, too. How are you? / How have you been? Fine, thank you.
3、Hows everything with you? / How is everything going? / How are you getting on? / Whats up? Pretty well. / Very well. / Everything is OK. / Not too bad.,2间接问候的常用语 Please give my regards / best wishes / love to . Please remember me to . Say hi hello to . (from me / us). 注意： 上述问候都可以用Of course.Sure, I w
4、ill.来回答。 【典例精析】 1. Go morning, Miss Zhang! _！ A. Good morningB. Good afternoon C. Good eveningD. Good night,解析：good morning的答语依然是good morning。,答案：A。,2. How are you going, buddy? _. A little busy, though. A. Not too badB. Cant be worse C. On my ownD. By train,解析：问句意为“伙计，最近怎么样？”根据答语的第二句意为“尽管有点忙。”可知，答话
5、人对自己最近的状态还比较满意。A项意为“还不错”；B项意为“不能再差了”；C项意为“独自”；D项意为“乘火车”。,答案：A。,考点二 介绍 1. 自我介绍的常用语 My name is . Im a student / worker / . 2. 介绍他人常用语 This is . Id like you to meet . Let me introduce you to . Id like to introduce .(to you). I want to introduce . (to you). May I introduce you to .?,考点三 告别 1. 告别前的常用语 Im
6、 afraid I must be off / going / leaving now. I think its time for me to leave / go now. Well, its getting late. Im sorry I have to go now. Ive got to go now. 2. 双方互相告别时的常用语 Good-bye! / Bye! / Bye for now. / Bye-bye! Be seeing you soon. / See you. / See you later.,考点四 感谢 1. 表示感谢的常用语 Thank you (very m
7、uch). Thank you for . Thanks (a lot) / (a million). Many thanks. I dont know how to thank you. Im really grateful to you. Thats most kind of you. Its kind / nice of you. Thank you just the same. Thank you all the same.,2. 对感谢的应答 Youre welcome. Not at all. Its a / my pleasure. Im glad I could do it.
8、Thats OK / all right.,【典例精析】 Congratulation. Your performance is excellent! _. A. Oh, noB. Many thanks C. Its okayD. No problem,解析：别人对自己表示祝贺和夸奖，当然要表示感谢。,答案：B。,考点五 道歉 1. 表示道歉的常用语 Excuse / Pardon me for . Im really sorry for . Im awfully sorry. I dont mean to . Im so sorry. Its all my fault. Im terrib
9、ly sorry about . It was wrong of me to do . I really feel bad about . I regret that . Please forgive me for . 2. 打扰或麻烦别人时的常用语 Excuse me, please. Excuse me, .,3. 对道歉的应答 Thats OK / all right. It doesnt matter. Never mind. Its / Thats nothing (serious). It really isnt worth mentioning. Dont say more ab
10、out it. Never mind, it doesnt really matter. Please dont worry about it. Please think nothing of it. Well, its one of those things. Forget (thinking of) it.,【典例精析】 1. Im very sorry. I broke your tea cup. _. A. It doesnt matterB. Youd better not C. Take it easyD. Its too bad,解析：根据句意可知，说话人是在向对方道歉，四个选项
11、中只有It doesnt matter.作为答语最恰当。,2. Im sorry that I shouted at you this morning. _, but please dont get angry so often. A. All rightB. No problem C. Never mindD. With pleasure,解析：对方向自己道歉，自己应该大方接受并表示不介意。,答案：A。,答案：C。,考点六 邀请 1. 表示邀请的常用语 Will / Would / Can / Could you come to .? Would you like to .? May I i
12、nvite you to .? What / How about .? Id like you to come to . 2. 接受邀请的常用语 Yes, Id love / like to. Thanks. / Thank you. Yes, its very kind / nice of you. That sounds good / great / fun / nice. 3. 拒绝邀请的常用语 Id love to, but . Im afraid I cant. Because .,Its very kind / nice of you. But . Im sorry I cant.
13、 I have to . No, thank you. 【典例精析】 Would you like to go out to play basketball with me? _, but I should finish my homework first. A. Its hard to sayB. Youre welcome C. Id love toD. Youre right,解析：接受对方的邀请时，常用Yes, Id love / like to.作答。,答案：C。,考点七 请求允许 1. 表示请求允许的常用语 Can / Could / May I .? (直接) Would / D
14、o you mind if I do .? (婉转1) I wonder if I could / can .? (婉转2) 2. 表示同意请求或允许的常用语 直接问句的常用答语 Yes. / Sure. / Certainly. Of course, you may. Yes, do please. Go ahead, please. Thats OK. / Thats all right., 婉转问句1的常用答语 No, I dont mind. Certainly not. / Of course not. No, go ahead. Not at all. 婉转问句2的常用答语 Sur
15、e, go ahead. / Yes, please do. Yes. / Of course. / Certainly. 3. 表示不同意请求或不允许的常用语 直接问句的常用答语 No, pleased dont. Im sorry you cant. Im sorry, but . Youd better not ., 婉转问句1的常用答语 Im sorry you cant . Im afraid . Im afraid its not allowed. 婉转问句2的常用答语 Im sorry, but . Im afraid not. No, please dont. Youd bet
16、ter not .,【典例精析】 1. Cindy, would you mind not opening the window? Its cold outside. _. A. Id like to B. Sorry, Ill do it right now C. Yes, that sounds good D. No, I wouldnt,解析：Id like to.我很乐意；Sorry, Ill do it right away.对不起，我马上照做；Yes, that sounds good.是的，听起来不错；No, I wouldnt.不，我不愿意。根据句意可知，说话人不想让打开窗户，
17、只有B项最符合情境。,答案：B。,2. Can I park my car here, sir? _. You see, theres much traffic here. A. Never mindB. Youd better not C. Of course notD. Yes, please,解析：根据句意可知，答话人婉转拒绝了问话人提出的请求。,答案：B。,考点八 祝愿、祝贺 1. 祝贺常用语 Congratulations (to you). Happy birthday. Happy New Year. Merry Christmas. 2. 祝愿常用语 Good luck to
18、you. Good luck with your trip. Have a good tripjourney. I wish you a good tripjourney. Good trip to you. Nice journey to you. Have a nicepleasantwonderful time. Have fun. Enjoy yourself.,【典例精析】 1. I will have a maths test tomorrow. _! A. Good luckB. Thank you C. Well doneD. The same to you,解析：根据句意可知
19、，说话人要参加考试，希望得到祝福。,2. Mum, Ive got the first prize in the photo competition. _! A. Good luckB. Not at all C. Good ideaD. Congratulations,解析：根据句意可知，说话人取得了好成绩后希望得到祝贺。,答案：A。,答案：D。,考点九 提供帮助 1. 向别人提供帮助的常用语 Can / Could / Shall I help you (with that)? Can / Could / Shall I do sth. for you? What can I do for
20、 you? Would you like some / any help? Would you like me to do sth. for you? Do you want me to .? Is there anything (else) I can do (for you)? Let me do sth. for you. 2. 请求别人帮助的常用语 Help! Would / Could you help me, please? Could you give me a hand?,Can you do me a favor? Do you mind helping me? 3. 接受帮
21、助的常用语 Thank you / Thanks a lot / Thank you very much (for your help). Yes, please. / Thanks, please. Thanks. Thats very kind /good / nice (of you). Thank you. That would be nice. 4.谢绝帮助的常用语 No, thanks. Thanks. I can manage it myself. Thank you, but I can do it myself. I can do it, but thank you all
22、the same.,【典例精析】 _? Im looking for a pair of google glasses for my grandson. A. How is it going B. Whos that speaking C. What can I do for you,解析：根据句意可知，对话发生在商店里，很明显，答话人为顾客，问话人是售货员。售货员询问顾客的需要时常说的一句就是What can I do for you?,答案：C。,考点十 约会 1. 询问对方是否有时间的常用问句和答语 问句 Will you be free tonight / tomorrow / .?
23、Are you free this afternoon / Saturday / .? 肯定回答：Yes, Ill be free (tonight / tomorrow .). Yes, Ill be free then. 否定回答：No, I wont be free (tonight / tomorrow .). But Ill be free . No, I wont be free then. Im afraid not. Im afraid I wont be free tonight / tomorrow .,2. 询问约会的时间、地点的常用语 What time / When
24、shall we meet? Where is the best place to meet? How about 5 pm / tonight / tomorrow .? What / How about (meeting) at the gate / outside the station .? Shall we meet at 7:30 pm at the gate? Ill meet you at the theatre at 7:30 pm. I suggest 7 oclock. 考点十一 打电话及接电话 1. 打电话的常用语 Hello, this is . Hello, . (
25、电话号码) Canmaycould I speak to ., please?,Is . inat home? Hello, is that . speaking? Who is (that) speakingcalling, please? WillWould you give a message to ., please? Would you tell him my telephone number, please? Could you ask him to ring me back, please? Ill call back later / again. Ill ring him /
26、her up again. 2. 接电话的常用语 This is . speaking. Yes, (this is) . speaking. Yes, its . here. Hold onWait a minuteOne moment, please. Im sorry . is out / not inat home now. Can I take a message (for him / her)?,Does he / she have your telephone number? Ill ask him to call you back. Sorry, Im afraid you h
27、ave the wrong number. 考点十二 就餐 1. 服务员或主人询问客人的用餐意愿时的常用语 What would you like to eat / drink? Would you like sth. to eat / drink? Would you like some more .? How about (some more) .? 2. 在饭店就餐时回答服务员的常用语 Id like . Just a moment, please. Im waiting for my friends. Let me see your menu.,3. 主人劝客人用餐时的常用语 Help
28、 yourself to .? Let me give you .? Make yourself at home. 4. 在别人家就餐时回答主人的常用语 Yes, please. Id like . Well, just a little, please. No, thanks. Thank you, Ive had enough. Im full, thank you.,【典例精析】 1. Help yourselves to some fish, boys! _. A. Thanks, but were fullB. Good news C. No, pleaseD. Thank you
29、all the same,解析：Thanks, but were full.谢谢，但是我们饱了。Good news.好消息。No, please.不，谢谢。Thank you all the same.仍然谢谢你。根据句意和常识可知，A选项最符合语境。,2. Would you like some dumplings for lunch? _. Im full. A. Yes, please B. Sure, Id love to C. No, thanks,解析：根据答语可知，答话人做了否定回答。,答案：A。,答案：C。,考点十三 看病 1. 医生诊断时的常用语 Whats wrong /
30、the matter / the trouble with you? Is there anything wrong with you? (Lie down and) let me look over / exam you. Does it hurt here? How long have you felt like this? Have you taken your temperature. You have a high temperature. 2. 病人诉说病情时的常用语 I feel terrible / bad / ill sick. I dont feel well. Im no
31、t feeling well. Im not in good health.,There is something wrong with my . I have / have got . My back / nose hurts / aches. This place hurts. I dont feel like eating. 3. 医生对病人提出医嘱时的常用语 Its nothing serious. Youd better have a good rest. Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty of water and
32、have a good rest. Youd better stay in bed until you feel better. Take 2 pills now and 2 more in 4 hours time. I advise you (not) to . I suggest you . Youll be / get well / all right soon.,【典例精析】 _? I have a headache and I dont feel like eating anything. A. How are you B. What can I do for you C. Wha
33、ts the matter with you D. How do you like it,解析：根据答语“我头疼，不想吃任何东西。”可知，上句应该是问“你怎么了”。,答案：C。,考点十四 购物 1. 售货员的常用语 Can / May I help you? What can I do for you? What color / size / kind of . do you want? Anything else? Is that all? Here it is. 2. 顾客的常用语 Id like . （for .） I dont like this color. Its too smal
34、l / big. Its not suit me. Do you have any other color / size / kind of .?,Its a little expensive. Can it be cheaper? Ill take it / them. Heres the money. 考点十五 问路 1. 问路的常用语 Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to .? Excuse me. How can I get to .? Excuse me, please, where is .? Excuse me, which bus goes
35、 to .? How far is it from here (to .)? 2. 指路的常用语 Its about . meters from here. Its about . yards / meters down this street.,Go straight ahead till you see . Go down / along this street. Take this street / road. Go through the gate and youll find the entrance to . Go down / along this street till you
36、 get to . Turn right / left at the first / second crossing. Youd better take a taxi / minibus / No. 5 bus . Sorry, I dont know. Im a stranger / newer here, too. / Youd better ask the policeman over there. 【典例精析】 _, please. Could you tell me which BRT I can take to get to Jinan Railway Station? Take
37、No.15 bus and transfer to No. B1 BRT. A. Excuse me B. Yes C. Sure D. Hello,解析：在向别人求助时，常先说Excuse me以引起对方的注意和表示自己的礼貌。,答案：A。,考点十六 谈论天气 1. 询问天气情况的常用语 Whats / Hows the weather like today? Whats the weather going to be like tomorrow? Hows the weather like in Dongguan? 2. 陈述天气情况的常用语 It is raining / blowing
38、 / snowing, (isnt it)? Its rather hot / cold / . today, （isnt it）? Lovely weather, （isnt it）? It is + fine / cloudy / sunny / . (today). What a heavy rain! What a cold day today! Its getting cool / hot / warm / cold.,【典例精析】 TV says there will be a storm tomorrow. _. I planned to go climbing with my
39、classmates. A. I hope soB. Im afraid so C. Sounds goodD. Bad luck,解析：根据句意可知，答话人的计划不能完成了，他应该感到很难过，觉得自己很倒霉。,答案：D。,考点十七 语言交际困难 1. 听不懂对方说话时的常用语 Pardon? / Beg your pardon? / I beg your pardon. Please say that again / more slowly. Would you mind repeating that? Could you say that again? Would you please s
40、ay that again? Would you please say that more slowly? Im sorry. I didnt quite follow / catch you. Im afraid I didnt follow / catch you. 2. 怕对方听不懂自己说话时的常用语 Is that clear? Have I made myself clear? Do you understand? Do you see what I mean?,3. 不知道该如何表达时的常用语 Im sorry, I know only a little English. I do
41、nt know how to say it in English / I dont know the exact word in English, but it is something like . 考点十八 警告和禁止 Look out! / Be careful! / Take care! You cant do that. Dont do sth. or . If you . youll . Dont smoke! / No smoking! Dont be late! Dont take pictures here! / No photos. No parking! No spitt
42、ing!,考点十九 劝告 Youd better (not) do sth. . You should do sth. You need (to) do sth. Dont hurry / run / rush . Please stand in line. 【典例精析】 Would you mind if I sing here? _. Look at the sign. It says “Be Quiet”. A.Of course not. B. Better not. C. Not at all. D. I dont mind.,解析：根据答语的中的Be Quiet可知，说话人所在的地
43、方是不允许喧哗的。所以答话人劝问话人最好不要唱。,答案：B。,考点二十 建议 1. Why dont you do sth.? 以反问的方式提出劝告或建议，含有“建议对方去做某事”的意思，而不是询问对方为何不去做某事的原因。 2. What / How about + 名词或动名词 .? 有征求对方意见的意思，多数情况下是建议和对方一起做某事。 3. Shall we .? 用于建议对方与自己一起做某事。和Lets ., shall we?句型可以互换。 4. 用suggest作谓语的陈述句 这种句子用于表达比较正式的建议。suggest后面常跟名词、动名词或that从句作宾语。注意跟从句时，
44、从句中的谓语用“should + 动词原形”。,考点二十一 表示同意或不同意 1. 表示同意的常用语 Certainly. / Sure. / Of course. No problem. Yes, I think so. I agree with sb. I agree to (do) sth. I agree that . Good idea! / Thats a good idea. Its a good idea to do sth. Yes, please. You are right. Thats true. / OK. / All right.,Thats just what I
45、 think. Thats my opinion, too. Theres no doubt about it. 2. 表示不同意的常用语 No, I dont think so. I dont agree with sb. I dont agree to sth. I dont agree that. Im afraid not. 考点二十二 喜好、厌恶和偏爱 1. 表示喜好的常用语 I like / love sth. / sb. I like / love doing / to do sth. I enjoy sth. / doing sth.,2. 表示厌恶的常用语 I dont li
46、ke / love sth. / sb. I dont like / love to do / doing sth. I hate (to) . I dont enjoy sth. / doing sth. 3. 表示偏爱的常用语 I prefer sth. I prefer A to B. I prefer to do sth. I like sth. / sb. better. 【典例精析】 Which one of these do you want? _. Either will be OK. A. No problem B. Im sure C. Come on D. I dont
47、mind,解析：根据答语的第二句可知，答话人觉得都可以，需要表示“不介意”的一项。,答案：D。,考点二十三 表示肯定、否定及不确定 1. 表示肯定的常用语 Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. Im sure of / about . Im sure that . Thats sure. 2. 表示否定的常用语 No. 3. 表示不确定的常用语 Im not sure of / about . Im not sure whether / if . Maybe. / Perhaps.,考点二十四 关心和焦虑 Whats wrong the matter (with) .
48、? (Is there) anything the matter? We are anxious worried about . There is no need to be worried. There is nothing to worry about. 考点二十五 赞美、恭维 1. 表示赞美、恭维的常用语 Its beautiful. Its a lovely picture! Im glad / pleased you did . How clever of you! I like the way you did . Ive never seen such a .,What a nice coat you have! You look very smart today! What a wonderful house! It matches