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1、-主谓一致中的就近原则-第 2 页就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：there be句型; or ; either or；nor; neithernor；whetheror；notbut; not onlybut also ; 等。e.g.What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。Not you but your
2、 father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.T
3、here are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.3.当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致.例如:Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.抽屉里有一支钢笔,几个信封和一些纸.补充：当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
4、The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.He as well as I wants to go boating.The teacher with his students is working in the fields.跟WITH无关的，with his student(s)就像修饰语一样，可以不管它，所以前面如果是teachers,就用复数动词，如果是teacher就用单数动词。No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。（依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“No one ”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees