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1、GRAMMAR AND USAGE,Direct speech and reported speech,Teaching aims,Grasp how to use reported speech to report statements, questions, exclamatory sentences and imperative sentences. Exercises,How to use reported speech to report:,statements,questions,exclamatory sentences,imperative sentences,1. 陈述句:,
2、“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.,Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.,(1) 直接引语是陈述句时，间接引语为（that）引导的并与从句。,“PSAs are often run for free,” the writer said. The writer explained that PSAs were often run for free,(2) 引出间接引语的动词：say, tell, advise, explain, insist, promise
3、, announce, suggest, warn,Tod said (that) there wasnt any trouble and that he was waiting for his change.,(3) 注意: 当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,仅能省略第一个that, 其余的不能省略。,Tod said, “There isnt any trouble and Im waiting for my change (零钱)”.,2. 一般疑问句 &反意疑问句,They asked him, Is it easy to improve the condition of the so
4、il?,They asked him if/whether it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,She asked me You have seen the film, havent you?,She asked me whether/if I had seen the film.,(1) 直接引语是疑问句时，主句的谓语动词say改为ask, wonder或want to know. (2) 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为whether/if 引导的宾语从句。,Did you have an argument with Laura?
5、I asked her.,I asked her whether/ if she had had an argument with Laura.,I asked my brother, Will you stay at home or go to a film this weekend?,3. 选择疑问句,I asked my brother whether he would stay at home or go to a film that weekend?,选择疑问句变为whetheror的宾语从句,Tom asked, Is she a housewife or a nurse?,Tom
6、 asked whether she was a housewife or a nurse.,4. 特殊疑问句： They asked him, When do you harvest the wheat ?,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,Why didnt you show me the data earlier ? I asked Wang Hua.,I asked Wang Hua why he hadnt shown me the data earlier.,特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句,She
7、 said, What a fine day it is!,5. 感叹句： 间接引语由 what how或that引导,She said what a fine day it was.,She said that it was a fine day.,Tom said, How attractive the advertisement is!,Tom said how attractive the advertisement was.,Tom said that the advertisement was attractive.,(1) 直接引语是祈使句时，间接引语采用 “ ask, tell
8、, beg, order, warn, advise, invite, encourage, recommend, +sb. + to do sth.”,6. 祈使句：,The candidate said to the manager, Please give me five minutes for preparation. The candidate asked the manager to give him five minutes for preparation.,Dont believe every ad you read, Lily said to me.,Lily advised
9、 me not to believe every ad I read.,Please sit down and have a cup of tea. the old scholar said to me.,The old scholar invited me to sit down and have a cup of tea.,He suggested that they/we (should) go to the cinema.,(2) 直接引语如果是若直接引语是表示劝告、建议等意义的祈使句时（以“Lets”开头的祈使句），变为间接引语时，通常用： suggest + v-ing. sugg
10、est + that 从句（should +v原 ）,He said, Lets go to the cinema.,He suggested going to the cinema.,Jack suggested that they/we (should) ask her about it.,Lets ask her about it. Jack said.,Jack suggested asking her about it.,1.JaneaskedDick,“Haveyou finishedwritingthereport?” JaneaskedDick_ _ _writingthere
11、port.,whether/if,he,finished,had,2.“Dontgrowplantsinthesame placeyearafteryear,” thefarmer said. Thefarmer_me_ _ _plantsinthesameplace year afteryear.,told,not,grow,to,3.Sheaskedthestudentstotidythe lab. “_thelab,” she_ tothestudents.,Tidy,said,4.Shesaidthatshehadreceiveda lettertwodaysbefore. Shesa
12、id,“_ _a letter _.” 5.HeaskedmewhetherIliked black teaorgreentea. Heaskedme,“_ blackteaorgreentea?”,I,two days ago,Do you,like,received,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he heard a week ago B. what he had heard a week before C. what he had heard a week
13、ago D. if he heard a week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will he next time B. would he the next time C. he would the next time D. he will next time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _
14、holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your,9. Black asked me, “Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here,10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the ea
15、st ?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise,11. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were we this B. that we were that C. if were we this D. if we were that,Exercise: P
16、age 11,A 2 asked how it could help him remember English words. 3 asked whether/if it taught listening and speaking. 4 asked what the designer would do if she was not satisfied with the software. 5 asked whether/if it was easy to use.,B 2 encouragess us to use interesting and attractive photos. 3 rec
17、ommends us we(should) use eye-catching logos. 4 suggests us we (should) make the slogans short and easy to remember. 5 tells us to make good use of colours to attract peoples attention.,Exercise: Page 11,Practice: Change the following sentences into direct speech.,1. Tom suggested that we should tra
18、nslate the book into English. 2. The student explained that he really didnt know he had to finish the work a week before.,Tom said, Youd better/Lets translate the book into English.,The student said, I really dont know I have to finish the work a week ago.,3. The teacher promised that he would give
19、his students a few holidays at the end of that month.,The teacher said, I will give my students a few holidays at the end of this month.,Practice: Change the following sentences into reported speech.,1. My mother asked me, Do you want to go to the Great Wall with me? 2. The teacher asked the boy, Ho
20、w many pages have you read today?,My mother asked me whether/if I wanted to go to the Great Wall with her.,The teacher asked the boy how many pages he had read that day.,3. I asked Li Ying, When and where were you born?,I asked Li Ying when and where he was born.,4. The teacher said, Youd better wea
21、r soft shoes. The teacher advised us to wear soft shoes. 5. The teacher said, Think about it carefully before you answer. The teacher asked us to think about it carefully before we answered.,6.The teacher said, Dont leave your homework at home. The teacher reminded us not to leave our homework at ho
22、me. 7.The teacher said, Dont worry about your exam. The teacher told us not to worry about our exam.,My brother ordered me to go there at once. My father warned us not to throw the waste paper everywhere.,8. My brother said, Come here at once.,9. My father said to us, Dont throw the waste paper ever
23、ywhere.,Thank you!,that引导的名词性从句 Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.,whether / if引导的名词性从句 John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.,wh-词引导的名词性从句 John asked Mary when she would return him the book.,不定式 The officer ordered him not to leave his post.,that引导的名词性从句 I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.,that / what / how 引导的名词性从句 He said that he was very happy.,