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1、浅谈园林景观设计中地面以色彩表现为主园林景观中的地面设计，是园林空间界面的一个重要方面，不同的“ 地” 体现不同的空间使用特性。它的存在构成了园林道路中组织空间、引导浏览、交通联系、散步休息及园林风景不可缺少的重要组成部分。随着空间立面视域符号的日益超越，人们很自然对地面另眼相看，符号处理也开始转向地面化。因此我们不能轻视地面铺装的色彩、材料、质感、造型等因素，要使园林中的城市广场、公园、小区、庭园等不同场所结合其相应的环境、文化等要素，给人们带来不同的感受。Landscape design of the ground, landscape space is an important aspe
2、ct of the interface, different to reflect different space use features. It constitutes organization space, lead to browse in the garden road, transport links, for a walk and rest garden landscape indispensable important component. As the facade vision symbol of the increasingly surpass space, it is
3、natural to regard sb with special respect or new views on the ground, symbolic processing also is turning to the ground. So we cant despise ground shop factors such as color, material, texture, shape, to make a garden in the city square, parks, residential area, garden and other places of different
4、combined with its corresponding environment, culture and other factors, give people different feelings. Net of paper 一、地面设计中的色彩表现1。色彩表现中的作用及情感色彩是环境主要的造景要素，是心灵表现的一种手段，它能把风景强烈地诉诸于情感，从而作用于人的心理。因此在园林造景中，对色彩的运用越来越引起人们的重视。地面铺装的色彩更应该和植物、山水、建筑等统一起来，进行综合设计。如果场地的地面色彩简单，可通过线与形的变化来丰富空间的特征。 color performance, in
5、 the design of the ground 1 M0. The role of color performance and emotional oK colour is main landscape elements of the environment, is a means of mind performance, it can put the scenery strongly appeals to emotion, to act on humans psychology. Therefore in the landscape gardening, to the use of co
6、lour is more and more arouse peoples attention. Floor covering color should be more united and plants, landscape, building, etc, a 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页1 / 10 comprehensive design. If the site ground color is simple, can be through the line of the rich and the cha
7、nge of the shape to space. 地面铺装的色彩一般是衬托风景的背景，或者说是底色，人和风景才是主体，当然特殊情况除外。地面铺装的色彩须沉着，色彩的选择应能为大多数人所接受。色彩应稳重而不沉闷，鲜明而不俗气。不同的色彩会引起人们不同的心理反应，一般认为，暖色调表现热烈、兴奋的情绪；冷色调表现幽雅、宁静、开朗、明快，给人以清新愉快之感；灰暗色调表现忧郁、沉闷。因此在铺地设计中，应有意识地利用色彩的变化，来丰富和加强空间的气氛。Floor covering the background colour foils are generally view, or color, and
8、 the landscape is the main body, except, of course, special circumstances. Floor covering color must be calm, the choice of the color should be acceptable for most people. Color should be stable and not depressing, bright but not tacky. Different color can cause people to different psychological rea
9、ction, it is generally believed that warm warm, excited mood。 Cold tonal show quiet and tastefully laid out, halcyon, cheerful, lively, give a person the sense with pure and fresh and pleasant。 Dark blue, dull. Therefore in floor design, should have consciousness to use the color change, to enrich a
10、nd enhance the atmosphere of the space. 2。地面设计中的色彩调和2. In the design of the ground color harmony 色彩的调和要注意同一色调、近似色调和对比色调的配色、配合。比如，公园的铺装，有混凝土铺装、块石铺装碎石和卵石铺装等，此时各式各样的东西同时存在，如果忽视色调的调和，将会大大破坏园林的统1感。比如，在同1色调内，利用明度和色度的变化来达到色彩的调和，这时就容易达到沉静的个性和气氛。如果环境色调令人感到单调乏味，那么地面铺装可以变化。近似色调配合，在配色时要注意在近似色调之间决定主色调和从属的色调，两者不能
11、同等对待。如果使用的色调增加了，则应减少造型要素的数量。对比色调的配色是由互补色组成的，由于互相排斥或互相吸引都会产生强烈的紧张感，因此对比色调在设计时应谨慎运用。Color harmonic note approximation and same and tonal, tonal match colors and contrast colors, to cooperate. For example, they are concrete pavement, the pavement in the park, stone pavement 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归
12、纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页2 / 10 gravel and pebble surfacing, etc., all kinds of things at the same time there right now, if ignore the tonal harmony, will greatly undermine garden series 1. With 1 color, for example, use a lightness and chroma change to achieve harmonic color, is easy to achieve
13、 calm personality and mood. If environmental hue is monotonous, ground shop to change. Approximation is tonal, the color should pay attention to when decided mass-tone attune and dependencies between approximate tonal tonal, both cannot be treated equally. If you use the hue has increased, should re
14、duce the number of model elements. Contrasting tone color is made up of complementary color, due to attracted or repelled each other all the produces strong tension, so the contrast color when the design should be used sparingly. 尽管庭园能够提供最理想的隐秘空间，但如果它的四面被高墙围住，也会因缺少光线而显得昏暗，解决这个问题最好的方法是使用能够反射园内光线的浅色调地
15、面，大片的地砖显得光线充足。但有一点需要注意，要避免使用彩色铺地，因为彩色地面时间长常常会褪色。铺地必须能为任何活动提供一个淡雅的背景，而不应喧宾夺主，过于突出。Although the secrets of the garden can provide an ideal space, but if its all around surround by high walls, also can appear dim because of lack of light, the best way to solve this problem is to use that can reflect ga
16、rden light light ground, floor tile is light. But one thing need attention, to avoid the use of color floor, color because the ground often long time will fade. Floor must provide a quietly elegant background for any activity, and should not be a presumptuous guest usurps the hosts role, too. 2、地面铺装
17、中的材料2, the ground material in the shop 1。软铺装1. Soft outfit 园林地面铺装的软材料运用种类较少。低矮的植物既可增强地面空间感，也可改善夏季地面过热的小气候条件。庭园、花园中的地面铺装经常用树皮铺设，这样的林中小径、自然的花园小路都给人一种静谧感，同时树皮本身又与自然环境非常和谐。枕木也可以用来铺地，但要注意，选用的枕木一定要清洁干净。枕木厚重修长，给人力量的感觉，与滋长叶植物和浅色调的沙砾地面相配效果很好。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页3 / 10 Gar
18、den pavement type of soft material use is less. Low plant can not only enhance the ground space, also can improve microclimate conditions of ground heat in summer. Garden, garden ground shop often use bark laid, in such a path in the forest, natural garden path all give a person a kind of quiet feel
19、ing, and the bark itself and with the natural environment is very harmonious. Sleepers can also be used for floor, but should pay attention to, choose the sleeper must be clean. Sleepers thick long, give a person the sense of power, and the growing plant and light-colored gravel ground matching effe
20、ct is very good. 2。硬铺装2. Hard surfacing 材料的特征及使用的场合也要求结合园林的环境与功能。在园林地面铺装中，不同的硬材料通过精心推敲的形式、图案、色彩和起伏，可以获得丰富的环境景观，提高空间的质量。常用的天然材料有石板、乱石、块, stones, rocks, broken marble tablets, pebbles, etc. Artificial material with concrete tiles, terrazzo, ZhanJiaShi, the blue brick flies in the big square brick, til
21、e, asphalt concrete and cement precast block, etc. 在较小的范围里，可以考虑方形的花岗石。由于体积小，花岗石可以用来铺装庭园、广场、公园中所需的各种图形。这种石料唯一不足之处就是用它们铺出的表面高低不平，所以不能用它们拼铺座椅区或用餐区的桌面或椅面。鹅卵石是是理想的铺地材料，可以松散地铺在地面上，或嵌在水泥沙浆里。使用这两种方法的关键在于，鹅卵石的放置位置要巧妙，不要让泥土或沙浆露出来。同样，鹅卵石铺装的表面也是高低不平的，但却很有质感。地砖是最有用的铺装材料，各生产商现在能生产出各种颜色的防霜冻地砖。地砖可以有效地将庭园与风格相近的住宅或围墙
22、衔接起来，此外，它柔和的色彩也极易与庭园中的植物相融合。地砖还可以用在露台、凳子以及其他固定装置上，以保证整个庭园风格的一致性。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页4 / 10 In a smaller range, consider square granite. Due to small volume, granite can be used in the pavement, square, park, garden in the various graphics. This kind of stone is t
23、he only deficiency is use them to shop out surface is rugged, so cant use them bunking seating areas or desktop or chair surface of have dinner area. Pebbles is ideal material laying the ground of, can loose laying on the ground, or embedded in cement mortar. Using these two methods is the key to, p
24、ebbles to cleverly placed, dont let the earth or mortar. Likewise, cobblestone pavement surface is rough, but have a lot of sense. Floor tile is the most useful pavement materials, the manufacturer can now produce all sorts of color of frost prevention floor tile. Floor tile can effectively will bri
25、ng together with similar style residential or walls together, in addition, it also easily subdued color and the integration of plants in the garden. Floor tile can also be used in the terrace, stool and other fixed device, to ensure the consistency of the whole garden style. 三、地面铺装的质感如何Third, paveme
26、nt texture 铺装的美，在很大程度上要依靠材料质感的美。一般铺地材料以粗糙、坚固、浑厚者为佳。Beauty shop, to a large extent depends on the material sense of beauty. General floor materials to rough, strong, rich is better. 1。质感的表现，须尽量发挥材料本身所固有的美，以体现出花岗石的粗犷、鹅卵石的圆润、青石板的大方等不同铺地材料的美感。1. Texture, must try to give play to the material itself inhe
27、rent beauty, to embody the rugged granite, pebbles of fruity, green flag and easy different paving material, such as sense of beauty. 2。质感与环境和距离有着密切的关系。铺装的好坏不只是看材料的好坏，而是决定于它是否与环境相协调。2. The texture and distance have a close relationship with the environment. Shop is good or bad is not only see the st
28、and or fall of materials, but depends on whether it is in harmony with the environment. 3。质感调和的方法，要考虑统一调和、相似调和及对比调和。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页5 / 10 3. Texture and harmonic method, want to consider similar uniform harmonic, harmonic and harmonic. 4。铺地的拼缝，在质感上要粗糙、刚健，以产生
29、一种较强的力感。而砌缝明显，则易产生漂亮整洁的质感，使人感到雅致而愉快。4. Floor of the seam, to rough, impacted on the texture, to produce a feeling of strong force. While QiFeng obvious, easy to produce pretty neat and simple sense, make the person feel elegant and pleasant. 5。质感变化要与色彩变化均衡相称。如果色彩变化多，质感变化就要少一些。如果色彩、纹样均十分丰富，则材料的质感要比较简
30、单。5. Texture changes to color balance of proportion. If color change, simple sense change is less. If the color, pattern are very rich, is the simple sense of material is relatively simple. 环境、色彩、图案以及植物在增添庭园气氛方面的作用是毋庸置疑的。实际上，我们选择使用的各种铺地材料，对我们欣赏园林以及在园中的活动都会产生很大的影响。平滑的铺地会使我们加快脚步，而粗糙的铺地则会使我们的脚步放慢，沙砾和碎石
31、路面则更会使我们动作放缓。高低不平的鹅卵石地面使你小心翼翼，而光滑的巨石则令你望而却步。选择不同的铺地会对人们的行为活动产生较大影响。在狭小的前庭园，没有安排停车位，而是选择用铺地、植物和巨大光滑圆石来点缀。它们方便打理，经久耐用，而且圆石的雕塑效果与冬青绿篱刚好相配。Environment, color, pattern and add garden plants in the role of the atmosphere is indisputable. In fact, we have chosen to use all kinds of floor materials, for we
32、enjoyed the activity of botanical garden, and in the garden will produce very big effect. Smooth floor will make us to speed up the pace, while the rough floor will make us slow down, sand and gravel pavement are more makes us action is slow. Rugged pebbles on the ground make you wary of smooth ston
33、es to intimidate you. Choose a different floor will have great influence on peoples activities. In front of the small garden, there is no parking space arrangement, choosing instead to use floor, plants, and huge boulder to smooth ornament. They convenient do, long durability, and round stone sculpt
34、ure effect and Holly hedge just suitable. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页6 / 10 四、地面铺装的图案纹样Four, pavement designs 在景观营建中，铺装的地面以它多种多样的形态、纹样来衬托和美化环境，增加园林的景色。纹样起着装饰路面的作用，而铺地纹样因场所的不同又各有变化。一些用砖铺成直线或平行线的路面，可达到增强地面设计的效果。通常，与视线相垂直的直线可以增强空间的方向感，而那些横向通过视线的直线则会增强空间的开阔感。另外，一些基于平行的形式 an
35、d in the form of something into a straight line of pavement brick or tile, the ground causes elongation or shortening of the perspective effect. 其他一些形式会产生更强的静态感。比如，正方形、圆形和六边形等规则、对称的形状都不会引起运动感，而会形成宁静的氛围，适合铺装一些休闲区域。同心圆那样的图案通常是以一些砖头、鹅卵石等小而规则的铺装材料组成，把这些材料布置在地面或广场中央会产生强烈的视觉效果。表现纹样的方法有块料拼花、镶嵌、划成线痕、滚花、用刷子刷
36、、做成凹线等。要时刻注意铺地对空间效果的影响。地砖在庭园中横向交错铺装将使庭园显得宽敞，增加空间感；而用同样的材料在庭园里纵向铺装，则会出现相反的效果，令庭园变得狭长。无论使用什么材料，这个特点都会十分明显，所以要根据实际情况采用不同的方法。Some other form creates a stronger sense of static. For example, a square, circular and hexagonal rules, symmetric shape will not cause movement, and will form the halcyon atmosph
37、ere, suitable for shop some recreational area. Pattern of concentric circles that usually in some bricks, pebbles 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页7 / 10 and other small and rules of pavement materials, decorate the these materials in the ground or square may have strong visu
38、al effect. Patterns of the expression methods have a piece of material, Mosaic, spelling a flower zoned into line mark, knurling, made concave line brush, etc. Always pay attention to the spread between ground-to-air effect. Floor tile horizontally interlaced in the garden shop will make garden look
39、s capacious, increase dimensional sense 。 And with the same longitudinal pavement materials in the garden, will appear the opposite effect, make the garden become narrow. No matter use what material, this feature is very obvious, so adopt different methods according to the actual situation. 五、地面铺装的尺
40、度、光影效果Five, the scale of the pavement, light and shadow 1。尺度1. scale 路面砌块的大小，拼缝的设计，色彩和质感等，都与场地的尺度有密切的关系。比如，大场地的质感可粗些，纹样不宜过细。而小场地质感不宜过粗，纹样也可以细些。为不同场所中不同的地面选择合适的铺地砖，就和在两个邻近的区域间适当地运用对比和协调一样重要。大的石板铺装在面积小的区域里会显得比实际尺寸大，在一个小区域中运用过多的装饰材料也会使区域显得凌乱不堪。Road surface the size of the block, flat-fell seam design,
41、color and texture, etc., are related to the scale of the site has a close relationship. For example, the simple sense of large venues can be thicker, grain appearance should not be carefully. And small ground shoulds not be too coarse texture, grain appearance also can thin some. For different place
42、s in different ground to choose suitable pavement, and in between two adjacent regions are as important as appropriate use of contrast and coordination. Big shop is in the area of small area of tablets will appear larger than actual size, in a small areas using overmuch adornment material also can m
43、ake the area looks messy. 2。光影效果2. Light and shadow 在我国古典园林中，早已利用不同色彩的石片、卵石等按不同方向排列，使其在阳光照射精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页8 / 10 下，产生富有变化的阴影，使纹样更加突出。在现代的新园林中，多用混凝土砖铺地，为了增加路面的装饰性，将砖的表面做成不同方向的条纹，同样能产生很好的光影效果。这种方法在园林铺地中的应用，不需要增加材料，工艺过程简单，还能减小路面的反光强度，提高路面的抗滑性能，能收到事半功倍的效果。In Chi
44、nese classical garden, already use different color stone, pebbles, etc according to the different direction, make it under the sun, shadow rich change, make the patterns more outstanding. In the modern new garden, multi-purpose concrete brick floor, in order to increase the decorative surface, the s
45、urface of the brick made from different direction of the stripe, also can have very good lighting effect. This method application in the garden floor, dont need to increase the material, the technological process is simple, can also reduce pavement reflective strength, improve the anti-sliding perfo
46、rmance of pavement, can get twice the result with half the effort. 白色或浅色调的碎石地面效果极好，尤其是用在毗邻地下室光线较暗的低地庭园，可以用它铺装整个庭园，配上花草和石板路面，也可以与其他材料混用，形成对照，相互映衬。例如，用黑色地砖或深色铺地与之相配，形成反差，效果极佳。White or light-colored gravel ground effect very good, especially in the lowland garden adjacent to the dark basement, can use
47、it to shop the entire garden, with flowers and stone pavement, can also be blended with other materials, contrast and set off each other. With black floor tile for example, or brunet floor matching, contrast, excellent results. 六、地面铺装与其他因素的关系中国论文网Six, ground shop net of paper of Chinas relationship
48、with other factors 1。地面铺装与周围环境协调1. Floor covering coordinated with surrounding environment 地面铺装是园林景观营建的一部分，其色彩造型纹样等因素要与其周围环境相协调，达到园林设计的统一。Floor covering is part of the landscape construction, factors such as its colour modelling designs in harmony with the surrounding environment, to achieve the uni
49、ty of the landscape design. 2。地面铺装与文化主题的一致性2. Floor covering and cultural theme of consistency 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页9 / 10 “ 文化 ” 大而言之是泛指人类创造的一切事物。园林文化的基本内涵是把自然人化和把人自然化。园林文化包括创造景观和创造生活，而地面铺装设计也应是园林文化的一方面体现，因此地面铺装就其选材、图案、质感等要素，都要考虑到与园林整体文化主题相呼应，使之统一、完美、和谐。m(a S7T&Z
50、8S0 伴随着社会的进步与园林的发展，园林中地面铺装所选用材料种类、质感的变化和发展也是1种必然的趋势。这就要求广大的园林设计者在选材、造型、纹样等过程中既不故步自封，不怀疑和排斥新事物的使用和推广，也不盲目追新求奇，铺张浪费。要有与时俱进的精神和眼光，勇于推陈出新，探索和尝试事物的使用，为园林事业的百花齐放贡献一份力量。Culture is refers to human creation of all things. Garden culture is the basic connotation of the natural humanization and the nature. Lan