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1、-定语从句导学案-第 - 7 - 页定语从句导学案定语从句一、 定义及相关术语She is an English teacher (who likes singing songs . )先行词 关系词/引导词 1.指代先行词teacher；2.在从句中充当成分主语。1.定语从句：一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或者代词之后，以补充说明该名词并使其具体化。相当于形容词，翻译成“的”。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 关系代词：which、that、who、whom、 who
2、se在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 关系副词：when、where、why 二、 关系代词 关系代词 that which who whom whose 指代 人/物 物 人 人 人/物 在从句中作什么成分 主/宾/表 主/宾/表 主/宾/表 宾 定语 【练一练】用正确的关系代词填空。1. The eggs _ were in the basket were not fresh.2. The friend _ came to supper last night wasnt hungry. 3. The noodles _ you cooked were delicious. 4. I ha
3、ve a room _ window faces south. 5. The girl _ I met is Lucy.【注意】 that 与which 的区别先行词指物时，引导词只用that不用which的四种情况：1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every ,all 等修饰时。 2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 3. 先行词中既有人又有物时。4. 先行词被the very, the only
4、修饰时。先行词指物时，引导词只用 which 不用that 的两种情况： 1. 介词后。2. 非限制性定语从句中。 【练一练】1. They had nothing _ could cure of his disease.2. This is the most impressive film _ has ever been put on. 3. We have to consider the first thing _ starts our work.4. 5. 6. 7. That is the only way _ leads to your success.They talked of
5、things and persons _ they remembered in the school. The sun heats the earth,_ makes it possible for plans to grow. The world in_ we live is made of water.关系副词 When Where Why 先行词 表时间的名词 表地点的名词 一般为reason 功能 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 三、 关系副词 【练一练】1. This is the school _ my father worked thirty years ago. 2. The r
6、eason _ he was late was that he missed the bus . 3. I remember the day _our band was formed. 如何选择正确的关系词：_复习巩固：关系代词与关系副词的区别：I will never forget the days _ we climbed the mountain together. I will never forget the days _ we spent together. We visited the houses _Lu Xun used to live. We visited the hou
7、ses _Lu Xun used to live in. This is the reason _ why he was unhappy. This is the reason _he explained to me.四、 介词+关系代词确定介词三原则：一先、二动、三意义1. I still remember the day on which I first got to Paris.I will never forget the day on which I joined the army. 2. He gave me some novels with which I am not very
8、 familiar. He is the student from whom we should learn a lot. 3. Air , without which man cant live ,is really important.The film during which I fell asleep was very boring.练习： never forget the year _ I went to college.2. Do you know the boy _ your mother is talking pen _he is writing now was bought
9、yesterday.are many beautiful overcoats, _ I like the blue one best. Whose 的用法 表所属关系 whose+名词=the+名词+of which/whom=of which/whom + the + 名词 They live in a house ,_face south. = They live in a house, _face south. =They live in a house, _face south. 五、 特殊情况 the way 作先行词，从句中缺状语，关系词有三种，that, in which ,不填
10、。The way _ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. What surprised me was not what he said but the way_ he said it. one of +可数名词复数 + 关系代词 + V复the one of +可数名词复数 + 关系代词+ V单1. The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings_ lots of visitors.(draw)2. Titanic is the only one
11、 of the most wonderful movies _produced inHollywood . (be) 如果定语从句分别修饰point，situation ，part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种情况中”。 I have xxe to the point where I cant stand him.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.反馈练习：1. The manager _ xxpany I work
12、 in pays much attention to improving ourworking conditions.2. She will never forget the days _she spent in Beijing. 3. This is the school _ my father worked thirty years ago.4. Those _(want) to take apart in the game write down your name, please. 5. His walking-stick, _he cant walk, was lost yesterd
13、ay.6. There are there libraries in our school ,all of _ were built five yearsago.7. The reason _he cant xxe is that he has to work late.8. The family _ I stayed with in New York are xxing to Beijing .9. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once month. 对比训练1. We are trying to re
14、ach a point _both sides will sit down together andtalk.2. Do you have anything to say for yourselfYes, theres one point _we must insist on. 3. We should go to the place _we are most needed. 4. We should go to the place _ needs us most. 5. I have lots of friends, some of _are friendly. 6. I have lots of friends .Some of _are friendly. 7. This is the library _ I borrowed the book. 8. It is from this library _ I borrowed the book. 9. Where did you last see Mr. smithIt was in the hospital _ I lived.