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1、-高一定语从句导学案-第 7 页定语从句-关系副词的用法I Revision （复习关系代词的用法）1.定语从句的定义：复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2. 能引导定语从句的关系代词有：_, _,_,_,_. 它们在引导定语从句时，在从句中充当的成分是否一样呢？ 不一样！关系代词指代的先行词从句中充当的成分是否可以省略who人主语、宾语作宾语可以省略whom人宾语可以省略which物主语、宾语作宾语可以省略that人或物主语、宾语作宾语可以省略whose人或物定语 (意为：.的)不可以省略解题步骤：1. 找出先行词，看是指人还是指物；2. 分析从句成分，看缺的是主语？宾语？定语？（分
2、析句子成分的关键是找出谓语）；3. 注意that 和which的特殊用法。Ex.1 1. This is the best hotel in the city _ I know. 2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady _comes from Beijing. 3. Is there anything else _ you want? 4.Workers built shelters for survivors _homes had been destroyed. 5. The girl_you visited yesterday is a stu
3、dent of Yinghua School. 6. He showed a machine _ was used to increase production. 7. The time _I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.除了以上关系代词可以引导定语从句，还有其他词可以引导定语从句吗？ 有II 关系副词When 可以指代时间状语，当句子缺时间状语时，句子的主语和宾语不受影响。1. whenI will visit my friends at this weekend.主 谓 宾 when 时间状
4、语where 可以指代地点状语，当句子缺时间状语时，句子的主语和宾语不受影响。2. whereI will visit my friends at the bus station.主 谓 宾 where 地点状语why可以指代原因状语，当句子缺时间状语时，句子的主语和宾语不受影响。3. whyI will visit my friends because I miss them.主 谓 宾 why 原因状语分析：定语从句The time _（I first met Nelson Mandela） was a very difficult period of my life. 先行词 主 谓 宾
5、关系副词用法成分when先行词为表示 的名词，如：time,day,year,morning,moment,Monday,holiday,summer等_状语where1. 先行词为表示 的名词，如：place,house,city,room,China等2. 先行词为表示抽象意义的名词，如 point, stage, condition, case, situation,position等_状语why先行词为表示 的名词，如：reason._状语解题步骤：1. 找出先行词；2. 确定从句是否缺主语和宾语，如不缺，则考虑用关系副词；3. 注意有些抽象名词作先行词时用关系副词where。小结：当
6、先行词为表示时间的名词，定语从句中不缺主语，宾语和定语时，可以考虑从句缺时间状语，用关系副词 when 作引导词。Where 和why也是如此。Ex. 21.This is the theater_well visit a well-known pianist.2.I still remember the night_ she left the house.3. The reason_ he was late is that he was ill.4. The room_ we took picture is dusty.5.The country is in the situation_a
7、war will break out at any time.6. The place _we visited yesterday is called Wuxiang Lake.7.The reason_he gave is not clear.8. The days_we spent together are gone.III 关系代词和关系副词的区别 在从句中充当的成分小结关系代词主语 宾语 定语缺主宾定，则考虑关系代词不缺主宾定， 则考虑关系副词关系副词 状语注意：在分析句子成分时，关键是找出句子的谓语，谓前为主谓后宾，但有时因为谓语是由不及物动词构成，而容易误以为缺宾语。 主语+ 不及
8、物动词 是一个完整的句子例如 The time passed quicklyEx. 31. This is the factory_I worked ten years ago.2. The school_my son study is near a park.3. The days _we lived together happily are gone forever.4. The time_I arrived was late at night.小结：碰到这样的情况，一定要结合句意，并可以尝试把先行词带到从句的谓语后，看是否搭配，如果不搭配则考虑句子完整，用关系副词。高考链接1. （201
9、6年全国I 卷）But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980, _I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2. （2016年全国III卷）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _lived from
10、 roughly 551 to 476 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.语篇练习 It was the summer of 2008,_I first met my best friend Liuliu in Guangxi Normal University, _is located in Guilin city. She was a beautiful girl_had long hair and always had smile on her face. I still remember the days_we spent t
11、ogether. We went to classrooms for study every day, and went to the dinning hall for delicious food together. The small park_there was a Confucius statue was a very great place for us to chat. Later, Liuliu made a boyfriend_home was in Xian. She loved the boy _she never met very much. They chatted on the phone everyday, and I felt very happy that Liuliu could find such a good boy. So I knew the reason_ she chose Xian for development when we graduated in 2012.IV Homework1. Finish relative exercise in Xinkecheng2. Think about: when/where/why=介词+which ?