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1、Unitl A New StartModul 1 Understanding Ideas单词I.impression n.印象，感想(I )sb.s first impression of.某人对的第一印象leave/have/make a . impression on sb.给某人留下的印象(2)impress vt.使印象深亥ijimpress sb. with sth.某事给某人留下印象impress slh. on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性be impressed with/by.对有深刻印象impressive adj.给人印象深刻的例句(l)His
2、 speech made a strong impression on the audience.他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。(2)He tried to impress me with his extensive knowledge of wine.他试图以自己在葡萄酒方面的渊博知识让我印象深刻。(3)My father impressed on me the importance of hard work.父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。(4)Walking around the city, we were impressed by its new look.在城市里四处走走，我们对其崭
3、新的面貌有深刻的印象。1 . breathe v.呼吸(1 )breathe deeply 深呼吸breathe in 吸气breathe out 呼气(2)brealh n.呼吸；气息out/short of breath上气不接下气take a deep breath 深吸口气 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸例句(I)Leather uppers allow the feet to breathe.皮质鞋面使脚得以透气。(2)She was soon out of breath, but went on running.她很快就气喘吁吁了，但仍继续跑。(3)Hc held hi
4、s breath while the results were read out.宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。2 .panicn.惊恐，惊慌v.使恐慌(l)in(a)panic惊慌地panic about/over 对的恐慌go/get into a panic陷入惊慌状态(2)panic sb. into doing sth.使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事(3)panicked(过去式/过去分词)；panicking(现在分词)例而(1 )Office workers fled in panic as the fire happened.起火时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。(2)She got into
5、a panic when she found her keys lost.当她发现钥匙丢了时她惊慌失措.(3)The panic over your coming exams is meaningless.为即将到来的考试而恐慌是无意义的。(4)Thc war panicked many people into escaping from their hometown.这场战争使得很多人惊慌失措地逃离家园。3 .challengen.挑战；质疑vt.质疑；向挑战(1 )challenge sb. to sth.向某人提出挑战要求比试某事物(2)challenge sb. to do sth.激
6、励某人做某事(3)challcnging adj.具有挑战性的;有难度的Modul 5 Summary单元回顾一、重点词汇mpression n.印象,感想impress VL使印象深刻impressive adj.感人的；给人印象深刻的ieave/have/make a . impression on sb.给某人留下的印象impress sb. with sth.某事给某人留下印象impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事：使某人明白某事物的重要性be impressed with/by对有深刻印象2 .breathe nv.呼吸breath n.呼吸；气息breath
7、e deeply 深呼吸breathe in 哑气breathe out 呼气out of breath上气不接下气take a deep breath 深吸一 口气hold ones breath 屏住呼吸3 .panic n.惊恐，惊慌v.使恐慌in （a） panic 惊慌地go/get into a panic进入惊慌状态panic over/aboul 因而惊慌panic sb. into doing sth.使某人（因惊慌仓促做某事）4,challenge n.挑战;质疑vt.质疑；向挑战challenging adj.具有挑战性的;有难度的challenge sb. to sth
8、.向某人提出挑战要求比试某事物challenge sb. to do sih.激励某人做某事.argue v.争论，争辩；主张；说服argument n.争论；辩论argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人辩论某事argue for sth.为某事辩护：赞成某事argue against slh.据理反对某事argue sb. inio/out of doing slh.说服某人做/不做某事It is beyond argument that.无可争辩的是5 .apply v.申请：适用，应用于application n.请求：申请：申请表：应用applicant n.
9、申请人（尤指求职、进高等学校等）apply （to sb.） for sth.（向某人）申请某事apply to do sth.申请做某事apply to sth./sb.适用于/运用于叩ply sth. to .把应用于；把涂抹到apply oneself to （doing） sth.集中精力（做）某事，专注7.schedulen.计划表，进度表，日程表vt.为某事安排时间be scheduled to do sth.计划做某事on schedule按预定时间behind schedule落后于预定计划S.opportunity n.机会an/the opporiunily of doin
10、g sth.to do slh.做的机会take the opportunity to do sth.利用机会去做某事.graduate v.毕业：获得学位（尤指学士）n.毕业生，学位获得者graduation n.毕业，毕业典礼graduate from 从毕业graduate in毕业于专业.frightened adj.害怕的fright n.惊吓，恐怖frighten vt.使害怕，使惊吓frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的.figuren.数字；身材；人物；人影；图表vt.（经过考虑后）认为，以为；计算；估计figure on计划；打算；期待figure sth. ou
11、t弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白12.one by one 依次地，一个接一个地day by day 每天，一天一天地little by little 一点一点地，逐渐地side by side肩并肩地，并排地step by step 一步一步地，逐步地，按部就班地13.depend on根据，依据；依靠；信赖：取决于，视而定depend on sb./sth.依赖某人/事，相信某人/事可靠depend on sb. to do sth.依靠/指望某人做某事depend on sb. for slh.指望/依靠某人/事得到某物depend on it that 相信；指望That/It （all） de
12、pends.视情况而定。14.1 n particular 尤其,特别particularly adv.特别，尤其be particular over/about .M过于讲究/挑剔二、教材原句1. I was looking at the photos （正在看照片）on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.（教材 P2）Turning around （我转过身来）,I saw a whitehaired man.（教材 P2） 3. How true （多么真实） these words were!（教材 P2）4. With bu
13、tterflies in my slomach （深吸一 口气），I breathed deeply.（教材 P3）I feel as if （感觉就像）high school was only yesterday!（教材 P9）5. You must have had （你一定有过）some moments when you were disappointed.（教材 P9） 7. If so （如果是这样的话）,how did you deal with them?（教材 P9）8. Looking back on my high school life （回顾我的高中生活）,（he mo
14、st important advice Id give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou.（教材 P9）例句(1 )The role will be (he biggest challenge of his acting career.扮演这个角色将是他演艺生涯中最大的挑战。(2)When I said I was a good swimmer, she challenged me to a race.当我说我游泳游得好时，她向我提出挑战一决高低。(3)He challenged me to play chess.他向我
15、挑战下国际象棋。(4)In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging.在随后的三年里，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性。短语4.one by one依次地，一个接一个地day by day 每天，一天一天地little by little 一点一点地，逐渐地side by side肩并肩地，并排地step by step 一步一步地，逐步地，按部就班地例句(l)No matter how many problems there are, they have to be solved one by one.无论有多少问
16、题都得一个一个解决。(2)Thc patients condition is improving day by day.病人的情况正在一天一天地好转。(3)Slep by step he gained the childs confidence.他一步一步地向得了这个孩子的信任。5.depend on根据，依据；依靠：信赖；取决于，视而定(l)depend on sb./sth.依赖某人/事，相信某人/事可靠depend on sb. to do sth.依靠/指望某人做某事depend on sb. for sth.指望/依靠某 人得到某物(2)depend on it that.相信；指望
17、(it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为that从句)(3)That/It(all) depends.视情况而定。(常作为交际用语)例句(1 )Many young people dont want to depend on their parents.许多年轻人不想依赖父母。(2)He is so selfish that you cant depend on him to help you.他很自私，别指望他能帮助你。(3)Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。(4)Can you finish th
18、e work before Sunday?That depends./It (all) depends.你可以在星期天之前完成这项工作吗？这要看你情况而定。难句语法6.1 was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.我在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。sb. was/were doing sth. when.意为“某人正在做某事，这时，其中when为并列连词，相当于at that time,意为“这时“，when连接的分句一般用一般过去时。(l)bc doing sth. wh
19、en.正在做某事，这时(2)be about to do sth. when.=be on the point of doing.when.正在打算做某事,这时(3)had just done.when.刚做完这时(突然)例句(l)We were having dinner when a stranger came in.我们正在吃晚饭，这时一个陌生人进来了。(2)1 was about to give up when niy best friend encouraged me to go on.=1 was on the point of giving up when my best fri
20、end encouraged me to go.我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。(3)1 had just taken a bile of my hot dog when I heard a familiar voice yelling at me.我刚刚咬了一口我的热狗，这时我听到一个熟悉的声音冲着我叫喊。7 .Turning around, I saw a whitehaired man.我转过身来，看见一位白发老人。本句中Turning around是现在分词短语作状语，表示时间，与其逻辑主语也就是句子的主语I之间存在主动关系。(1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、条件、
21、原因、让步、结果、方式、伴随等，其逻辑 主语要和句子的主语保持一致，且分词(短语)与句中主语之间是主动关系。(2)当现在分词(短语)的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，要用现在分词的完成式having donco (3)作状语的分词(短语)相当于一个状语从句。例句(1 )Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.(表时间)听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。(2)Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.(表 原因)因为不
22、知道如果解这道物理难题，他向老师寻求帮助.(3)Working hard, youll succeed.(表条件)努力工作，你就会成功的。(4)Thcir car was caught in a traffic jam. thus causing the delay.(表结果)他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。(5)They stood there for an hour, watching the game.(表伴随)他们在那儿站着看了一个小时的比赛。(6)Having finished his homework, he was not allowed to watch TV.(表让步)虽然
23、他已经完成了作业，但仍然不允许看电视。8 .How true these words were!这些话是多么的真实啊！木句是how引导的感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+系动词！ ”(DHow是副词，引导的感叹句结构为：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！(2)What修饰名词，引导的感叹句结构为：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！ What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！(3)感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略形式，其后面的主语和谓语往往 省略。例句(1 )H
24、ow hot the day is!=What a hot day it is!多么热的天气呀！(2)How tall Ihe buildings are!=What tall buildings they are!多么高的楼房呀！(3)How bad the weather is!=What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气呀！Modul 2 Using Language Grammar句子的基本结构1 .主语+系动词+表语(SVP)特点：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个说明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等 的表语。系动词除了 be动词之外，还有：(I)表示感官的动词
25、:feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound 等;(2)表示状态延续的动词：remain, stay, keep, continue等；(3)表示转变、变化的动词：become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow 等。例句(l)My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是个护士。(2)1 feel quite hungry.我感觉很饿。(3)Leaves turn yellow.树叶变黄了。2 .主语+谓语(S V) &主语+谓语+状语(S V Ad)特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾
26、语，但有时后跟状语 修饰动词。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词 或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。例句(1 )The rain stopped.雨停 了。(2)The time passed quickly.时间过得很快。(3)The old man walks in the park every morning,那个老人每天用上在公园里散步。3 .主语+谓语+宾语(S V 0) &主语+谓语+宾语+状语(S V 0 Ad)特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接个宾语，即动作的承受 者。作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、
27、动词不定式、疑问词+动词不定式、动词一ing形式和 从句等。例句(1 )We are learning English.我们正在学习英语。(2)1 dont know him.我不认识他。(3)Shc plays the piano every day.她每天都弹钢琴。(4)1 don,t know how to gel there.我不知道怎么去那儿。4 主语+谓语+双宾语(S V IO DO)布点:谓语%词后总有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接 宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或too 例句(l)Her mother
28、 bought her a skirt.她妈妈给她买 了一条裙子。Mr Li lold an interesting story to us.李先生给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。注意常跟双宾语的动词：需借助于 to 的动词：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write 等；(2)需借助于 for 的动词:buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare 等。5 .主语+谓语+
29、宾语+宾语补足语(SV 0 0。特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分(宾语 补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、 分词、介词短语等。例句(1 )The news made us very sad.那个消息令我们非常难过。(2)The teacher asked us to answer the question.老师让我们回答那个问题。Wc keep the classroom clean.我们(呆持教室干净。注意用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用 的结构。即：“主语
30、+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语it 作形式宾语，通常和以下动词连用：consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, suppose, take 等。Vbcabulaiy.argue v.争论，争辩；主张；说服(1 )argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人辩论某事argue for sth.为某事辩护；赞成某事argue against sth.据理反对某事argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事argue that
31、.主张；认为(2)argumentn.争论;辩论Il is beyond argument that.无可争辩的是例句(1 )They both agreed to see a film but they argued with each other about/over which film to see.他们俩都同意看电影但却为看哪部电影而彼此争论。(2)We tried many ways to argue him into accepting our advice, but in vain.我们尝试了很多方法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒然。(3)1 argue that every
32、one of us should try our best to help those in need.我认为我们每个人都应该尽力帮助那些处在困难中的人。(4)Thc students often argue for the right of freedom.学生们经常据理力争自由权利。1 .apply v.申请；适用，应用于(l)apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某事 apply to do sth.申请做某事apply to sth./sb.适用于/运用于apply sth. to.把应用于；把涂抹到apply oneself to (doing) sth.集中精
33、力(做)某事，专注于(2)applicalion n.请求；申请；申请表；应用叩plicant n.申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等)例句(l)She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。(2)Thc rules of safe driving apply to everyone, without exception.平安驾驶规那么适用于每一个人，没有例外。2 3) After graduation from university. Ill apply what
34、 I have learned to my future job.大学毕业后，我会将所学知识应用到未来工作中。(4)In order to apply for the scholarship, I apply myself to writing the application. But I am only one of the applicants, so I dont know whether 1 can get it or not.为了申请奖学金，我努力写申请书。但是我只是申请人之一，所以我不知道我是否能得到它。3.schedule n.计划表，进度表，日程表vt.为某事安排时间be sc
35、heduled to do sth.计划做某事on schedule按预定时间behind schedule落后于预定计划例句(1 )The prime minister is scheduled to arrive at noon.首相定于中午到达。(2)We were two months behind schedule, and already over budget.我们的进度晚了两个月，而且已经超出了预算。(3)Thc goods arrived on schedule.货物已如期运到。Modul 3 Reading单词1 .opportunity n.机会(l)an/the opp
36、ortunity to do sth. 做的机会take the opportunity to do sth.利用机会去做某事(2)当被修饰的词为抽象名词time, way, reason, chance, ability, courage, wish等时，常用不定式 作后置定语。例句(l)Mothers Day is an opportunity to express thanks and send best wishes to our mothers.母亲节是一个向母亲表达感谢和祝福的机会。(2)1 took the opportunity to visit Jack while I wa
37、s in Rome.我在罗马的时候利用这个机会去拜访了杰克。2.graduatev.毕业;获得学位(尤指学士)n.毕业生,学位获得者(1 graduate from从毕业graduate in毕业于专业(2)graduation n.毕业，毕业典礼例句(1 )These graduates all graduated from Oxford University.这些毕、也生都毕业于牛津大学。(2)1 graduated in English and have been an English teacher for 20 years.我毕业于英语专业，当英语老师已经有二十年了。(3)Have
38、you kept in touch wilh your classmates after graduation?你毕业后和同学们还保持联系吗？3.frightened adj.害怕的(l)fright n.惊吓,恐怖frighten vt.使害怕,使惊吓(3)frightcning adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的例句(1)1 was frightened at the sight of the test paper.我一看到试卷就害怕了。(2)The little girl was frightened at the sight of the frightening snake and shook
39、 with fright.这个小女孩一看到这条令人恐怖的蛇就感到很害怕，吓得浑身发抖。注意frightening和frightened同为形容词,但用法却不同frightening表示“令人害怕的”;frightened表示“感到害怕的”，修饰人以及人的表情、眼神、声君等。4.figuren.数字；身材；人物；人影；图表vt.(经过考虑后)认为，以为；计算；估计figure on计划；打算；期待figure sth. out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白例句(1)1 figured the sensible thing to do was wait.我认为明智的做法是等待。(2)Hc was a key
40、 figure in the independent struggle.他是那场独立.斗争中的关键人物。(3)1 saw a figure approaching in (he darkness.我看见黑暗中有个人影走过来。(4)She is on a diet to keep her figure.她在节食以保持体形。(5)Its difficult to figure out why she did it.很难理解她为什么那么做。短语5.in particular尤其，特别(l)be particular over/about 对过于讲究/挑剔(2)particularly adv.特别，
41、尤其例句(l)We should pay attention to this problem in particular.我们应该特别注意这个问题。(2)Dont be too particular about others.对别人不要太挑剔。(3)Wcvc been particularly busy these days.这些天我们特别忙。难句语法6.You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.你一定有过失望的时候。本句中must have had是must have done结构，表示“过去一定做过“，是对过去发生的
42、动作的 肯定推测。其他“情态动词+have done”的用法：(I )should/oughi to have done两者均含委婉的批评、责备之意。肯定式表示过去应该做某事而未做，意为“本应该做”；否认式表示做了不该做的事情，意为“本不应该做(2)can/could have donecan/could用疑问句或否认句中，表示对过去行为可能性的推测。could have done用肯 定的陈述句中，表示“本能够去做却没有做”。(3)may/might have done此结构表示对过去情况的肯定推测，但语气稍弱，意为“也许；可能”，常用于肯定句，不用 于疑问句；另外might have do
43、ne还可表示委婉的责备，意为“其实(本来)可以:(4)neednt have done此结构表示一种不必要的过去行为，意为“做了本来不必做的事情例句(1 )The road is wet. It must have rained last night.路是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。(2)1 told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I should have written it out for her.我告诉萨莉怎么去那儿了，但或许我应该为她写出来.(3)He cant have worked at the office last night, for
44、 he had to go to a party al 6： 00 pm.昨晚他不可能在办公室工作，因为(昨天)晚上六点他得参加一个聚会。(4)I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh, did you? You could have stayed with Barbara.在纽约时我住在一家旅店。哦，是吗？你本可以和巴巴拉待在一起的。(5)You might have given him more help, though you were busy.其实你本可以更多地帮助他，尽管你很忙。(6)Thcrc was plenty of time; sh
45、e neednt have hurried.时间很充足，她本不必着急的。Modul 4 Writing应用文写作日记技法指导日记是以记叙一天生活中所见、所闻、所做或所思为内容的一种文体。写英语日记一般要注 意以下几点：I.规范的席套：英语日记通常由两局部组成，即书端和正文。书端用于记载写日记的星期、 日期和天气情况。它位于正文上面的第一行，顶格写起。星期和日期写在第一行的左上角， 天气情况写在第一行的右上角。2 .正确的人称：日记是对生活的记录，是把自己一天中最有意义的事情记录下来所形成的书 面材料，故写日记多用第一人称。3 .正确的时态：日记一般记叙当天发生的事，因此多用过去时态。但如谈论个
46、人感悟或说明 客观事实、普遍真理时，可用现在时态。经典句式.Today is a sunny day. I went to . with .今天阳光明媚。我和去了t is . today. It is also a special day for me, because .今天，对我也是一个很特别的日子，因为3.In the morning when I I suddenly found . which reminded me of. 早上当我时，我突然发现，这件事使我想起了4 . A tiring as well as meaningful day has ended, but 1 stil
47、l remained excited for quite a long time. 劳累而有意义的一天结束了，但我仍然激动了很长一段时间。5 .Wha( happened today has left a deep impression on my mind.今天发生的事在我的脑海里留下了很深的印象。6 .Today is a significant day, and it will remain in my memory forever. 今天是很有意义的一天，这一天将会永远珍藏在我的记忆中。 典例演练2019年9月15日，星期天上午，你们班同学骑车到学校附近的公园组织了一次环保活动。 请根据下表内容用英语写一篇日记并发表你对此次活动的看法。活动内容一扫除：清理废纸、烟蒂、塑料袋等废弃物活动内容二宣传：树立标牌，告诉游客要保护花木活动内容三演讲：向游客宣传“白色污染的害处以及保护环境的重要性你的看法 注意：1 .词数80左右;.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：烟蒂cigarette end 精彩范文Sunday September 15th FineThis