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1、-口腔医学专业英语-第 16 页第一章 口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode 鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin 侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckels cartilage 额鼻突frontonasal process 腭裂cleft palate 分叉舌 bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw 继发腭secondary palate 颊咽膜or
2、apharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct 界沟sulcus terminalis 颈窦cervical sinus 口凹oral pit 口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathkes pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge 联合突copula 面裂facial cleft 模式发育patterning 奇结节tuberculum impar 前腭突median palatine process前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosence
3、phaly 切牙管 incisive canal球状突globular process 融合fuse 鳃弓branchial arch 鳃沟branchial groove 上颌突maxillary process 舌盲孔foramen cecum 神经嵴neural crest 神经节原基ganglionic placode 施万细胞 Schwann细胞 为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acid syndrome（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckels
4、 cartilage 嗅板olfactory placode 嗅窝nasal pit咽囊 pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭 primary palate原口stomadeum 中鼻突medial nasal process 主动脉的conotruncal 第二章 牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans 成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白 ameloblastin 成釉器enamel organ 成釉细胞ameloblast 分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast 赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial root shea
5、th 基质小泡matrix vesicle 颈环cervical loop 静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast 蕾状期bud stage 连接复合体junctional complex 马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest 帽状期cap stage 萌出eruption 非胶原蛋白 non-collagenousprotein NSPs内釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium 前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast 前期牙本质predentin 缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium 托姆斯突Tomes
6、processe 脱落 shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium 星网状层stellate reticulum 牙板dental lamina 牙囊dental sac 牙乳头dental papilla 引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot 釉龛enamel niche 釉索enamel cord 釉质形成amelogenesis 原发性上皮带primary epithelial band 罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium 终棒terminal web
7、钟状期bell stage 第三章 牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast 成牙本质细胞odontoblast 成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称Tomes fiber成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space 成釉蛋白ameloblastin 穿通纤维perforating fiber 蛋白酶proteinases 第三期牙本质tertiary dentin 多细胞层cell-rich zone 乏细胞层cell-free zone, the zone of Weil，We
8、il层反应性牙本质reaction dentin 反转线reversal line 非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins 缝隙连接gap junction 骨钙素osteocalcin 骨连接素osteonectin 骨桥蛋白osteopontin 骨样牙本质osteodentin 固有牙髓pulp proper 管间牙本质intratubular dentin 管周牙本质peritubular dentin 核心蛋白聚糖decorin 横纹cross striations 基质金属蛋白酶20matrix metalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondary
9、 dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin 绞釉gnarled enamel 紧密连接tight junction 科尔夫纤维Korffs fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid 流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory 磨损abrasion, attrition 纳米球nanospheres 耐龋潜能cariostatic potential 脑啡肽enkephalin 诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath 欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称contour line of Owen前期牙本质predentin 桥粒des
10、mosome 球间牙本质interglobular dentin 芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpeys fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer of nerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说direct innervation theory 生长激素抑制素somatostatin 生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line 树突状细胞dendritic cells 双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan 丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tra
11、ct 髓核pulp core 髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin 糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans 透明层hyaline layer 透明牙本质sclerotic dentin 透明牙本质transparent dentin 托姆斯颗粒层Tomes granular layer 托姆斯突凹Tomes processes pit，TPP 微孔micropore 未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated mesenchymal cell 无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC 无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质ac
12、ellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC 无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC 无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum 无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel 细胞牙骨质cellular cementum 纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin 限制板lamina limitans 楔状缺损wedge shaped defect 新生线neonatal line 修复性牙本质reparative dentin 牙本质dentin 牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin ph
13、osphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine 牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP 牙本质涎磷蛋白dentin sialophosphoproteins 牙本质小管dentinal tubule 牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction 牙骨质cementum 牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor 牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein 牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp 牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex 牙
14、釉质enamel 牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction 油炸圈样appearance of doughnut 有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC 有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC 釉板enamel lamellae 釉丛enamel tufts 釉丛蛋白tuftelin 釉蛋白enamelin 釉帽enamel cap 釉面横纹p
15、erikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle 釉小皮enamel cuticle 釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins 釉柱enamel rod 釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath 原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen 灶性孔focal hole, FH 罩牙本质mantle dentin 中间连接intermediate junction 中间牙骨质intermediate cementum 重塑remodeling 转导学说transduct
16、ion theory 组织细胞histiocyte 第四章 牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers 弹力纤维elastin fibers 点彩stippling 凋亡apoptosis 附着龈attached gingiva 根尖组apical group 根间组interradicular group 固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group 结合上皮junctional epithelium 束骨bundle bone 水平组horizontal group 斜行组oblique group 牙槽骨alveolar bone 牙槽
17、嵴组alveolar crest group 牙槽突alveolar process 牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiosteal group 牙间乳头interdental papilla 牙龈gingiva 牙龈结合dentogingival junction 牙龈上皮gingval epithelium 第六章 涎腺半月板demilune 胞吐exocytosis 杯状细胞goblet cell 储备细胞reserve cell 锇酸osmic acid 分泌单位secretory unit 分泌管secretory duct 富脯氨酸蛋白pr
18、oline-rich protein 富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein 干细胞stem cell 高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein 颌下腺submandibular gland 混合性腺泡mixed acinus 肌动蛋白actin 肌球蛋白myosin 肌上皮细胞myoepithelial cell 肌微丝myofilament 浆液性腺泡serous acinus 浆粘液细胞seromucous cell 晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein 篮细胞basket ce
19、ll 连接复合体junctional complex 酶原颗粒zymogen granule 排泄管excretory duct 粘多糖mucin 粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin 闰管intercalated duct 腮腺parotid gland 腮腺导管Stensen duct 腮腺素parotin 舌下腺sublingual gland 舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome 肾素rennin 嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞oncocyte 嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic ade
20、noma 唾液saliva 唾液腺salivary gland 味觉素gustin 纹管striated duct 涎液素ptyatin 腺泡acinus 小涎腺minor salivary gland 原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitive pluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body 组氨酸histidine 第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule 关节盘disc 滑膜synovial membrane 髁突condyle 颞下颌关节
21、temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articular surface第八章 牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia type I 白兰地型brandywine isolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel 半面过度增生hemifacial hyperplasia 成熟不全型hypomatuaration type 低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatas
22、ia 多生牙hyperdontia; supernumerary teeth 非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluoride enamel opacities 氟牙症dental fluorosis 附加牙supplemental teeth 副磨牙paramolar 钙化不全型hypocalcified type 过早脱落premature loss 畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity 畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity 畸形中央尖central cusp deformity 结合牙concrescence 巨牙macrodontia 壳状牙shell-
23、teeth 矿化不全型hypomineralized type 牛牙症taurodontism 前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus of anterior teeth 区域性牙发育不良regional odontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion 乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth 桑椹牙mulberry molar 少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 少牙hypodontia 双生牙gemination 水流围绕圆石water streaming round bouldings，根部牙本质
24、结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracycline stained teeth 锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranial dysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turners teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations 无牙adontia 先天性梅毒牙congenital syphilis 小牙microdontia 新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastic type 雪帽型snow-capped 牙
25、本质基质蛋白1dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1 牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia 牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP 牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 牙变色discoloration of teeth 牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis 牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis 牙内陷dens invaginatus 牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities 牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel 牙釉质形成不全enamel hypop
26、lasia 牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta 牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension 牙中牙dens in dente 牙阻生impaction of teeth 延迟萌出retarded eruption 遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin 阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp 釉珠enamel pearl 远中磨牙distomolar 早萌premature eruption 正中牙mesiodens 第九章 龋病暗层dark zone 变形链球菌mutans st
27、reptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone 病损体部body of the lesion 蛋白溶解螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory 蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory 发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus 放线菌属actinomyces 干酪乳杆菌L. casei 根龋root caries 化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层zone of destruction 获得性薄膜acquired pellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋
28、acute caries 静止性龋arrested caries 菌斑bacterial plaque 慢性龋chronic caries 猛性龋rampant caries 内氏放线菌A. naeslundii 平滑面龋smooth surface caries 轻链球菌S. mitis 龋病dental caries 乳杆菌属Lactobacilli 三联因素学说three primary factors theory 嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus 酸原学说acidogenic theory 透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone of demineral
29、ization 唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries 细菌侵入层zone of bacterial invasion 血链球菌S. sanguis 牙本质龋dentin caries 牙骨质龋cementum caries 牙釉质龋enamel caries 远缘链球菌S. sobrinus 粘性放线菌A. viscosus第十章 牙 髓 病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs 白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis 成牙本质细胞层空泡
30、变性vacuolar degeneration of the odontoblastic layer 急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurative pulpitis 急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis 急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis 可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis 慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closed pulpitis 慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerative pulpitis 慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis 慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplastic pulpitis 逆行性牙髓炎retro
31、grade pulpitis 前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs 特发性吸收idiopathic resorption 牙内吸收internal tooth resorption 牙髓变性pulp degeneration 牙髓充血pulp hyperemia 牙髓钙化pulp calcification 牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene 牙髓坏死pulp necrosis 牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis 牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of the pulp 牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis 牙髓炎pulpitis 牙体吸收tooth resorpti
32、on 牙外吸收external tooth resorption 转化生长因子transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章 根 尖 周 炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis 根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma 根尖周炎periapical periodontitis 急性根尖周炎acute periapical periodontitis 急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolar abscess 磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids 慢性根尖脓肿chronic periapical abscess 慢性根尖周炎chronic periapical period
33、ontitis 慢性牙槽脓肿chonic alveolar abscess 肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans 致密性骨炎condensing osteoitis 肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor，TNF第十二章 牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingival enlargement associated with leukemia 伴白血病性龈炎gingivitis with leukemia 伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions 边缘性龈炎margina
34、l gingivitis 变性degeneration 病损确立期established lesion 剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion of gingival 创伤trauma 创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion 蛋白酶proteinases 发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities and conditions 反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases 放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillus actinomy
35、cetem comitans，Aa 非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-induced gingival lesions 非炎症性noninflammatory 奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis 福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf 共聚coaggregation 骨内袋intrabony pocket 骨上袋supragingival pocket 护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG 坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontal diseases 基质金属蛋白酶matrix metalloprotinases，MMP 激素性龈炎st
36、eroid hormone-influenced gingivitis 急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizing gingivitis 继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusal trauma 家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis 浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis 胶原酶collagenase 金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases 进展期advanced lesion 聚集aggregation 菌毛fi
37、mbriae 老年性萎缩senile atrophy 硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase 慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis 慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis 密螺旋体属Treponema 破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentation factor,ODF 前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2 侵袭性牙周炎aggressive periodontitis 青春期龈炎pubertal gingivitis 人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen,HLA 妊娠期龈炎pregnancy gingiv
38、itis 始发期initial stage 嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T. maltophilum 梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis 特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis 特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia 透明质酸酶hyaluronidase 唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis 萎缩atrophy 细胞因子cytokine 细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM 细菌性生
39、物膜dental pla que biofilm 先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis 牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone 牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease 牙龈病gingival diseases 牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g 牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎papillary gingivitis 牙龈退缩gingival recession 牙周变性periodo
40、ntal degeneration 牙周病periodontal disease 牙周脓肿abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎periodontitis 牙周症periodontosis 炎症inflammation 咬合创伤occlusal trauma 药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditary gingival hyperplasia 龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicular f
41、luid,GCF 龈裂gingival cleft; StillmanS cleft 龈增生gingival hyperplasia 营养不良dystrophy 营养不良性dystrophic 早老性萎缩presenile atrophy 早期病变early lesion 粘附adhesion 粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎trench mouth 脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS 中间密螺旋体T.medium 中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMN 肿瘤neoplasia 肿瘤坏死因子-tumo
42、r necrosis factor-，TNF- 组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章 口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia 白塞综合征Behcet syndrome 白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus 白色念珠状菌candida albicans 白色水肿leukoedema 白皱折病white folded disease 斑macule 扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP 程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death 大疱bulla 单纯性疱疹herpes simplex 地图舌geographic tongue 淀粉样变性amyloidosis 多形渗出性红斑erythema multiforme exsudativum 非典型性atypia 非霍