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1、-初中英语,易混淆动词-第 5 页易混淆动词辨析1. accept receive 接受 （1） accept “接受” 指当事人的态度，同意或不同意采纳 （2） receive “接到” 指客观事实， 不含是否愿意接受的意思She_ an invitation but couldnt accept it.He asked Lucy to marry him and she _ his proposal(求婚).2.reach arrive get to 到达When did he _ home yesterday?We _ at the station five minutes late.H
2、ow do you usually get to school every day?3. borrow lend keep 均可表示“借”，但用法不同。 （1） borrow “借”，是终止性动词，表示主语 “借入”某物 如 borrow sth from sb 表示 “从某人处借了某物” （2）lend “借给” 是终止性动词，表示主语 “借出”某物 如 lend sb. sth或 lend sth to sb 均表示“把某物借给了某人” （3）keep “保存，借” 是持续动词，表示“借入之后长时间地保留某物” 如 keep sth for +时间 表示“已经借了多长时间”How long
3、 can I _ the book?I _ a novel from the school library.Could you_ me a bike? My bike is broken.4.listen to 与hear 均可表示 “听”，但用法不同 （1）listen 是不及物动词，与to 构成固定搭配，listen to “听.”, 强调听的动作 （2）hear “听到” ，强调听到的结果_! Whats that noise?Ispentthenight_records. SuddenlyI_astrangenoise.Can you speak a little louder- I
4、cant _ very well.Did you _ what I said?5. say, speak, talk和tell 均可表示“说”，但用法不同 （1） say “说”， 作为及物动词使用，其后常跟直接引语和间接引语He said he would come tonight.“Good night,” she said. （2） speak “讲话”，一般作为不及物动词使用，有时作为及物动词 speak+各种语言May I speak to John, please?Do you speak English? （3）talk “谈话”，是不及物动词， talk about 表示“谈论
5、关于.” talk to/with 表示“和.讲话”Mr. Thompson is talking with my father in the office now, please wait here for a moment.What are you talking about? （4） tell “告诉，讲述”，是及物动词，可带双宾语和复合宾语，常用结构， tell sb sth/that从句；tell sb to do sth.The teacher told us an interesting story yesterday.She told us that we would have
6、 an English exam the next week.Excuse me, could you _me where the station is ?The teacher _ we should hand in our report on Friday.Could you _ more slowly, please? We need to _ about the plans for the weekends.6. bring，take，carry 均可表示“拿，取”，但用法不同。 （1）bring “带来，拿来” 只把某物和某人从另一个地方带到说话的地方来，或者可以说是由远及近Brin
7、g me you dictionary tomorrow.（2）take “带走” 指把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去， 也可以说是“由近及远”，常和介词to 搭配Can you help me take the book to the classroom?（3）carry “提，扛，搬，携带” 意思较多，没有方向性He is carrying water.My sister went to Germany on holiday and _ me back a T-shirt._ your coat with you-its cold.Could you _ this bag for
8、me? Its quite heavy.7. dress, put on, wear和in 均可表示“穿”，但用法不同 （1）dress常见用法有：dress sb 和dress sb up。 dress sb “给某人穿衣服” dress sb up “打扮某人”The boy dress himself quickly.My mother is dressing up my brother and they are going to a party. （2）put on “穿上，戴上”，表示动作After putting on his coat,Jim went out to play w
9、ith his classmates. （3）wear “穿着，戴着” 表示状态Bob is wearing a red shirt today. （4）in 表示穿着 后面加衣服的颜色The man in a black shirt is my father.和lie （1）lay表示“放置；铺；产（蛋，卵)”时，过去式和过去分词是不规则变化：lay-laid-laidLay the books down and you can go. （2）lie 表示“说谎”时，可做及物动词和不及物动词，过去式和过去分词是规则变化：lie-lied-liedI cant believe he lied
10、to me.（3） lie 表示“躺，位于”时为不及物动词，过去式和过去分词是不规则变化：lie-lay-lainI need to lie down for a while.Thirty years ago, the house lay in the southwest corner of the city.9 .used to do sth, be /get used to doing sth 和be used to do sth (1)used to do sth 固定搭配，表示“过去常常做某事”I used to get up early in the morning. (2)be/
11、get used to doing sth 是固定搭配，表示“习惯做某事”，to 后的动词用V-ing形式I get used to getting up early now. (3)be used to do sth 是被动语态，表示“被用来做什么”，use在该短语中表示“使用”Wood is used to make paper.10. cost, pay, spend,和take 均可表示“花费”，但用法不同 （1）cost “花费（金钱）”，后面直接跟金钱，但主语是物The book cost me 120 yuan. （2）pay “支付” 词组 “pay+金钱+for sth ”表
12、示“为某物花了多少钱”，主语是人I paid 25 dollars for the dress. （3）spend “花费（时间和金钱）” 常用结构“spend+时间或金钱+on sth 或spend +时间或金钱+(in)doing sth” 主语是人Mary spent 1,000dollars on the trip to the beach.She spent an hour dressing up her little sister. （4）take “花费（时间或金钱) 固定结构： It takes(各种时态）+sb+时间或金钱+to do sthIt took me half a day to get there.They_twoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.This book _ me a lot of money.How much did you _ for the flowers?It took him 3 hours _ to school that day.同义句转换：It cost him 40 yuan to buy the model car.1. He _ 40 yuan _ the model car.2. He _ 40 yuan for the model car.