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1、Module 6 Old and NewSection 1 高考话题诵读高考话题诵读常考话题常考话题世界与环境世界与环境()调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1 000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：1. 说明写信目的。2. 简述江豚现状。3. 希望WWF如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)。4. 表示感谢并期待回复。注意：1. 词数不少于80。2. 书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。 满分作文必背满分作文必背Dear Sir or Madam,
2、Im a student from Chongqing, China. Today I am writing to you to ask for your help to improve the situation the finless porpoise is faced with in the Changjiang River (定语从句). Because of the behavior of our human beings (介词短语作原因状语), the finless porpoise in the Changjiang River has been greatly influe
3、nced and will be endangered. According to a research, its total number is less than 1,000now. In order to prevent them from dying out (不定式短语作目的状语), we have founded a project, but we have difficulty in running it for lack of fund (介词短语作原因状语). If you would like to help, you can provide it with necessa
4、ry money. Besides, you can give us relevant training in protecting them. With your help, we believe we can improve the living environment of the finless porpoise soon, thus increasing its number (现在分词短语作结果状语).If we can get your help, we will be very thankful. Were looking forward to your early reply
5、.Yours sincerely,Li Hua 满分作文仿写满分作文仿写(按要求将文章补充完整并背诵)Dear Sir or Madam, Im a student from Chongqing, China. I am writing to ask for your attention to those miserable finless porpoise in the Changjiang River. With science and technology moving forward, we human beings benefit a lot, _(伴随着某些对环境可怕的影响。使用非
6、限制性定语从句). As is reported, the finless porpoise in the Changjiang River,_(其数量已减少到不足1 000只。使用whose引导的非限制性定语从句), has become endangered due to human activities. _(毫无疑问，如果我们不立即采取行动，他们很快就会消亡。使用同位语从句). Therefore, I sincerely hope that WWF will give a hand to those poor animals. For example, you can fund so
7、me finless porpoise protection projects, which can really make a difference. I firmly believe _(正是你的帮助才会使那些可怜的动物摆脱困境。使用强调句式). Last but not least, thanks for your attention and look forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】 which is accompanied by some terrible effect on environment; whose num
8、ber has been reduced to less than 1,000; There is no doubt that if we dont take immediate action, they will die out very soon; it is your help that will get those poor animals out of troubleSection 2基础知识自测基础知识自测u词汇拓展1. _ vi. 始于(某一历史时期)2. _ vi. 迁移；搬迁3. _ vt. 容纳(乘客等)_ n. 住处；住宿；膳食；供应4. _ n. 建造；建设；建筑_ v
9、t. 建造；建设5. _ vt. 发(电)_ n. 产生；一代(人)6. _ adj. 狭窄的 v. 变窄_ adv. 狭窄地；勉强地7. _ adj. 冷冰冰的；极冷的_ vt. 冷冻_ adj. 结冰的；冻结的8. _ adj. 荒唐的；可笑的9. _ adj. 巨大的；庞大的10. _ vi. (飞机)失事；坠毁11. _ adj. 历史的；有关历史的_ adj. 有历史意义的_ n. 历史12. _ n. 诗；诗歌_ n. 诗人13. _ adj. 全球的_ n. 地球；地球仪14. _ adj. 有浓雾的_ n. 雾自我校对1. date 2. remove 3. accommoda
10、te; accommodation4. construction; construct 5. generate; generation6. narrow; narrowly 7. freezing; freeze; frozen 8. ridiculous 9. enormous 10. crash 11. historical; historic; history12. poem; poet 13. global; globe 14. foggy; fogu语境填词1. He said he was an _, but he even didnt know how an _ worked,
11、so I doubt if he studied _.(engineer)2. The man working at the _ said he _ stars every day and his _ was very good.(observatory)3. The building of the _ (大坝)across the river is going forward without any trouble.4. The _(诗) is obscure to those who are not familiar with the classics.5. Many of these a
12、nswers are perhaps very childish and _(可笑的).6. The new airport is still under _(建设).7. Its more than cold today. Its _(极冷的).8. My children, please _(除去) the snow from your shoes before coming in.9. Its difficult to travel through the town on a _(有浓雾的) morning.10. Burning coal has led to _(全球的) warmi
13、ng.自我校对1. engineer; engine; engineering 2. observatory; observed; observation 3. dam 4. poem 5. ridiculous 6. construction 7. freezing 8. remove 9. foggy 10. globalu短语互译1. 始于(某一历史时期) _2. 在建设中 _3. 历史遗迹 _4. 阻止做 _5. (梦想等)变成现实 _6. 有意义；有道理 _7. 使结束 _8. live a happy life _9. in control of _10. provide sb.
14、with sth. _11. realize ones dream _12. come to an end _自我校对1. date from 2. under construction 3. historical relics4. prevent . from doing sth. 5. come true 6. make sense 7. put an end to 8. 过着幸福生活 9. 控制 10. 为提供 11. 实现梦想 12. 结束u句型透视1. it takes (sb.) some time/money to do sth. 花费(某人)时间/金钱做某事。_ _ _ _ _
15、 _(花费6年时间建成)and cost US $20 billion.仿写：我花了大约两个小时来做作业。_2. it is possible (for sb.) to do sth. 某人有可能做某事。_ _ _ _ _(有可能看到)the relics now that they have been submerged?仿写：下次你能搭早一点儿的公交车吗？_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ next time?3. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。Mao Zedong wrote a poem _ _ _ _ _(在诗中他想象了)“walls of stone to hold back
16、 clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”.仿写：我们经过一个池塘，塘中鸭儿在戏水。We passed a pool _ _ _ _ _.4. do you think用作插入语。_ _ _ _ _ _(你认为为什么有)so many tall buildings in the world now?仿写：你认为这事我该怎么办？_自我校对1. It took six years to build It took me about two hours to do my homework.2. Is it possi
17、ble to see Is it possible for you to take an earlier bus3. in which he dreamed of in which ducks were swimming4. Why do you think there are What do you think I should do about this?u 课文语法填空 The Three Gorges Dam, the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the G
18、rand Canal, has been built _1_(control) flooding and provide hydro-electric power _2_ the central region of China. The dam is nearly 200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide. It is the _3_(large) hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than _4_ other construction project i
19、n history.Sun Yat-sen, _5_ was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested _6_ idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. Three quarters of Chinas energy _7_(produce) by burning coal. In 1993, China used 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and generating electricity. Unfortunately, burn
20、ing coal causes serious air pollution and increases _8_(globe) warming. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal _9_ causing so much air pollution.The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of Chinas most famous
21、historical sites, including the Qu Yuan Temple and the Moya Cliff carvings. About 800 historical relics have been submerged. _10_ of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.自我校对 本文简述了三峡大坝的情况。1. to control 此处表示建设三峡大坝的目的，作目的的状语用动词不定式。2. for 由provide sth. for sb.(=provide sb. with st
22、h.) “供给某人某物”可知，填介词for。3. largest 从句尾in the world和句意判断，应使用形容词最高级形式。4. any 比较等级中用any other排除自己同自己比较，句意：工程的造价超过了历史上其他任何一项工程。5. who 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是Sun Yat-sen，故用who。6. the the idea of .表示“的想法”。7. is produced 因energy与produce是被动关系，又由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填is produced。8. global 在名词前作定语，用形容词，故填global。9.
23、 without 此处表示：大坝发电不会造成那么严重的污染，故填介词without。10. Some 由后面的some可想到此处也用some，表示“其中一部分被转移”。Section 3重点词汇突破重点词汇突破u重点单词1. date v. 在某物上写上日期；约会；起始于 n. 日期；约会But in 2004, together with some climbers I set a date for a cleanup.但是在2004年，我和一些登山者一起确定了一天为清理日。学生动脑date from=date back to 追溯到；自到现在out of date 过时的；陈旧的to da
24、te 至今；到目前为止up to date 直到现在；最新式的set a date for 选定一个日子make a date 约好时间教师点拨(1)date from和date back to常指以“现在为起点”向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。(2)该短语没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。date back后常接时间段。(3)当date from和date back to用作定语时，要用现在分词的形式。临阵磨枪用适当的介词填空或完成句子。(1)These plant fossils _ _ _(追溯到) the age of the dinosaurs.(2)The history o
25、f punctuation can _ _ _(追溯到) the Qin Dynasty.(3)It is said that her interest in literature can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(追溯到童年的一件小事).keys：(1)date from/date back to (2)date from/date back to (3)date from a litte thing in her childhood2. accommodate vt. 容纳；提供住宿One flat can accommodate a family of five.一套单元房可容纳一
26、个五口之家。学生动脑accommodate sth. to sth. 使适合/迎合accommodate sb. with sth. 给提供方便accommodate oneself to 使自己适应于accommodation n. 住所；膳宿临阵磨枪用适当的介词与所给词的适当形式填空或完成句子。(1)Based on the instructions, this lift is designed to _ _ _(容纳十个人).(2)His _(accommodate) was just upside down as a result of being decorated.(3)I am
27、convinced that she will accommodate me _ the use of her old car.(4)With the purpose of getting along well with him, Tina tried to accommodate her way of life _ his.keys：(1)accommodate ten people (2)accommodation (3)with (4)to3. remove v. 迁移；搬迁；移开；搬家；除去；开除 n. 移动；升级He removed all the books from the de
28、sk before leaving the company.在离开公司前他搬走了桌上所有的书。学生动脑remove . from .把从移开remove from . to . 从搬到be removed from school 被开除；被勒令退学教师点拨remove/move强调位置和姿态的改变。表示“迁居”时，两者均可用move强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take away/off。remove还有“开除；除去”的含义remove用法词汇临阵磨枪写出下列句中remove的含义。(1)He decided to take measures to remove povert
29、y._(2)The boy was removed from school for no reason. _(3)Mohamed Morsi was removed from his position as President of Egypt._(4)If you remove clothing, you take it off._(5)They have decided to remove from the town to a warm climate._keys：(1)消除 (2)开除 (3)撤销 (4)脱掉 (5)搬家4. freezing adj. 冻结的; 冰冻的; 极冷的 adv
30、. 极冷地Its freezing outside now.现在外面冷极了。词形变化freezing adj. freeze v. 使结冰；冷冻 frozen adj. 冷冻的；冻结的The court froze their assets.法庭冻结了他们的财产。学生动脑the freezing point 冰点freezing cold 极冷above/below freezing 零度以上/以下freeze v. 使冻结；冻僵frozen adj. 冷冻的；冻结的be frozen to death 被冻死巧学助记临阵磨枪用freeze的适当形式填空。(1)You cant be care
31、ful enough to drive on the _ road in _ weather.(2)It was well below _ when we left.(3)He _ while waiting for the bus during the snowstorm.(4)Seeing the car accident, he was _ with terror.keys：(1)frozen; freezing (2)freezing (3)froze (4)frozenu单词集训完成句子。(1)The hospital is the tallest _(建筑物) in the sma
32、ll town.(2)They cut down the tree, which _(始于) from the Ming Dynasty.(3)This stone axe is a _(遗物)of ancient times.(4)Many of the novels we read today are _(历史的) ones.(5)He _(搬迁)his desk to another office yesterday.(6)The new railway is still under _(建造).(7)Wherever he goes, he can _ (使适应) himself to
33、 new circumstances.答案 (1)structure (2)dates (3)relic (4)historical (5)removed (6)construction (7)accommodateu重点短语1. hold back 踌躇；退缩；阻止或妨碍某人或某物；扣住；保留或者抑制某物The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood water.大坝不够坚固，阻挡不了洪水。学生动脑hold back information 保存信息hold back ones tears 抑制眼泪hold out 坚持；维持；给予h
34、old down 保有(工作等)；抑制；压制hold on to 抓住；保持；保留hold on 继续；坚持；保持；不挂断电话hold up 阻碍；拦截；举起hold ones breath 屏住呼吸catch/get/take hold of 抓住get hold of sb. 与某人联系临阵磨枪介、副词填空。(1)How long will our supplies of food and water hold _?(2)No force on the earth can hold _ the wheel of history.(3)He held _ to the rope and be
35、gan climbing down the cliff.(4)Hold _ a moment and Ill go to your rescue.keys：(1)out (2)back (3)on (4)on2. make sense 讲得通；有道理；有意义The lectures offer students the chance to make sense of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening.这些讲座为学生们提供机会理解那些似乎令人害怕的数学知识。学生动脑比较：(1)make sense物作主语，用to
36、引出人，无被动语态(2)make sense of“弄懂；理解”，人作主语，用of引出物，可以用于被动语态。联想：There is no sense in doing sth.做是没有意义的common sense常识in a sense在某种意义上“sense of+n.”意为“感”，如：sense of responsibility(责任感)，sense of humour(幽默感)临阵磨枪用适当的介词填空或完成句子。(1)This sentence _ _ _(没有意义). Why do you use it in your writing?(2)70% of them think it
37、 _ _(有道理) that they realize an early employment by lowering their income expectations.(3)What you said doesnt make any sense, so I cant _ _ _ _(理解它).(4)There is no sense _ looking for excuses to postpone doing something all the time.keys：(1)doesnt make sense (2)makes sense (3)make sense of it (4)inu
38、短语集训.选词填空。dream of, hold back, come true, make sense, put an end to(1)Winning the competition _ his financial problems.(2)This sentence just doesnt _, no matter how you read it.(3)Many people throughout history have _ a world without war.(4)If you try hard enough, your dream will surely _.(5)To _ th
39、e truth, he told a lie to his wife.答案 (1)put an end to (2)make sense (3)dreamed of (4)come true (5)hold back.完成句子。(1)We will never _ _ _(被阻挡) by difficulties, no matter how great they are!(2)He once _ _(梦想) having a big house in the city.(3)Can you _ _ _(理解) what he said just now?(4)We are going to
40、visit an old temple _ _ _(追溯到) the 12th century.答案 (1)be held back (2)dreamed of (3)make sense of (4)dating from/back to重点句型突破重点句型突破u重点句型It took six years to build and cost US20 billion.它花费了6年时间建成，耗资200亿美元。The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half.从伦敦到牛津大约需要一个半小时。句型解析It takes
41、sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事。it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.是真正的主语。此外，take还可表示“需要”之意，it takestook sth. to do sth. 做某事需要。sth. takes (sb.) some time 某物花费(某人)多少时间sb. takes some time to do sth. 某人花费多少时间做某事教师点拨take/spend/pay/cost“花费”，宾语通常是钱、时间、劳力；也可以表达“使失去(生命、健康)”，主语是物。常用结构：cost(sb.)sth.; sth. cost sb
42、. money某物花了某人多少钱cost一般表示“付钱”，主语是人，有被动语态。pay sb. money for sth.为某物付钱给某人pay其宾语既可以是时间，也可以是金钱，动作发出者即主语 必须是人，若时间金钱作主语则用被动语态。常用结构：sb. spend(s)timemoney on sth.；sb. spend(s)timemoney(in)doing sth.spend表示“花费”，往往只用于表示花费时间，常用it作形式主语take用法词汇临阵磨枪选词填空(take/spend/pay/cost)。(1)It _ us half an hour to fix the washi
43、ng machine.=We _ half an hour(in)fixing the washing machine.=The washing machine _ us half an hour to fix.(2) We still havent _ them for repairs to the roof.(3)How much did the book _?keys：(1)took; spent; took (2)paid (3)costu句型集训完成句子。(1)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(我们花了很长时间决定) where to go.(2)_ _ _ _ _(需要非凡的勇气)
44、make the break with his family.(3)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(孩子大部分的业余时间都用在) learn drawing.答案 (1)It took us a long time to decide (2)It took unusual courage to (3)It took the child most of his free time toSection 4 读写微技能导练读写微技能导练首尾定位法巧解排序题首尾定位法巧解排序题排序题通常出现在说明文、记叙文或人物传记类的文章或段落的理解题中。要求根据某人所经历事情的时间先后排序，或按某事物的发
45、展变化过程排序，或按操作程序或制作过程先后排序，或按重要性排序等。这类题属于事实细节题，只需浅层理解，难度较小，一般从阅读材料中可以直接找到答案，但是这种题容易错，比较耗时间。题中含有原文单词、词组、句型的转述，再以a，b，c，d，e，f等给事件标上序号。解答这类题的具体过程如下：第一步，在a-f中画出关键词或特征词。第二步，寻读，在文中找到a-f的对应信息，并在文中标上a-f。这样可使顺序一目了然，也减少阅读量。注意年代数词和表示时间先后关系的词，如then, after, shortly after, afterwards, after that, before that, in the
46、same year, later, and, next, at last, finally, so等。第三步，弄清“首事件”和“尾事件”，利用“排除法”，迅速缩小范围，快速选出正确答案。这也就是所谓的“首尾定位法”。u 即学即用 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D项中，选出最佳选项。F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton Uni
47、versity for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary:“My own happiness in the past often approached such joy tha
48、t I could not share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”This Side of Paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued w
49、ith the novel the Beautiful and Damned (1922) , a collection of short stories Tales of the Jazz Age (1922), and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quickly brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the neede
50、d financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.However, Fitzgeralds problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss