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1、必修 5 Module 1 British and American English New words: 1.have in common with sb / sth 与.有共同之处We have really everything in common with American nowadays , except of course ,language. (P1) have something / a lot / nothing / not much / little in common with 与有一些 / 很多/ 没有/ 没多少 / 几乎没有共同之处in common 共有的、共同的
2、in common with 与一样1)To my surprise, I found I had a lot in common with this stranger. 2）In common with other earthquakes, the earthquake in Japan caused great damage. 3）他们是双胞胎，但毫无共同之处。They are twins, but they have nothing in common. 4）英语是一种不同于汉语的语言，但它们有一些共同之处。English is a different language from Chi
3、nese, but they have something in common 5）Generally speaking, the music of one country has quite a lot _ her culture. A. in common B. in common with C. with common in D. in common of 2.make a difference 有影响，起作用；使不相同It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American Engl
4、ish. (P1) make some / much difference to 对有些/ 有很大关系make all the difference to 对关系重大；使大不相同make no difference to 与没有关系1)It s what you do today that will make a difference in your life tomorrow. 是你今天的所作所为使你的明天与众不同。2)我们所能做的事情会对我们的社会产生很大的影响。What we can do will make much difference to our society. 名师归纳总结
5、精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - 3)在适当的时候只言片语的鼓励足以令人改观。Just a word or two at the right moment can make all the difference to someone. 4)无论你做什么决定，对他都一样。It will make no difference tohim, whatever you may decide. 3.get around
6、/ round / about四处走动（旅行）；传开 (spread) 1)The old lady gets around with the help of a stick. 2) The news that he was elected president soon got around. get up 起来get away from 离开；摆脱；回避；否认get (sth) across (to sb) （某事） （为某人）理解get down to (sth / doing sth) 开始做 get through 做完，通过；接通get over 克服，战胜，掌握；恢复常态1） It
7、s time that you got down to study (n.) or the other students will leave behind. 2） He didn t come because he couldnt get away from his work. 3） I spoke slowly, but my meaning didnt get across. 4） My secretary does everything very quickly; she can get through a lot of work in a morning. 5） The news,
8、_ quickly through the country that he got a gold medal at Guangzhou Asian Games. A. was got around B. got around C. got over D. was got over 4.onfusing adj. 混乱的；混淆的；令人困惑的，难懂的Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. (P2) 1）The instructions on the box are very
9、confusing. 2）It is a confusing problem. 3）It was confusing that he should give up the chance. confuse vt. 使困惑，混淆；搞乱confuse A with / and B 把 A 和 B 混淆了名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - confused adj. （常指人）困惑的，烦恼的；杂乱的get
10、/ be confused by 对感到困惑的confusion n. 困惑；混乱；混淆in confusion 困惑地；迷惑地；在混乱中They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do. 他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题，把我难住了。我稀里糊涂，迷茫地站在那儿，全然不知所措。The teacher didnt explain the problem clearly, so many s
11、tudents were _. A. confusing B. confused C. to confuse D. confusion pare vt.比较，对照；把 比作vi. 相比，比得上n. 比较Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). (P2) compare A with B 与比较，相比compare A to B 把 比作Eg: In the 19th century,
12、 Charles Dickens compared the two cities, London and Paris, in A Tale of Two Cities. 在 19 世纪，查尔斯 *狄更斯在 ?双城记 ?中把伦敦和巴黎两座城市作了对比。Compared with / to + n / pron 与相比（过去分词短语作状语）1)We often compare children to flowers of our country. 2)If you compare this car with that one, youll find this one is better. 3)Hi
13、s spoken English doesnt compare with yours. 4)Compared to / with the laid-off workers, were indeed very lucky. 5)(09 重庆) Michael s new house is like a huge palace, _ with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared 6.differ vi 不同，有区别；意见分歧或相左The other two areas in which the two va
14、rieties differ are spelling and pronuciation. (P2) differ with sb on / about sth 在上与某人意见 /观点不同= disagree with sb on / about sth differ from sb / sth 与某人 /某事物不同名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - differ in sth 在某方面不同1)Th
15、ey differ widely in their opinions. People differ individually. 人各有别。2)As we know, they differ with you on this subject. 3)English differs greatly from Spanish in pronuciation. 4)Thoughts of westerners differ much _ easterners in amny ways. A. between B. between those C. fom what D. from those of 5)
16、(07上海) Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _ size and shape. A. on B. from C. by D. in 6)The way Xiao Li did it differed _ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which 7.be similar to与相似The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be hea
17、rd on the East Coast of the US. (P2) be similar in similarity n. similarly adv. 1)What you said is similar to what the teacher said. 2)The two sentences are similar in structure. 3)My new dress is similar in style to the one you have. 4)The result showed that the method could reflect the similarity
18、and difference among samples well. 结果表明：用这种方法能很好地反映样品间的相似性和差异性。5)Everyone is familiar with eggs. All eggs look similar, but no two eggs are quite the same. 人人都熟悉鸡蛋。所有鸡蛋看上去相似，但没有两个鸡蛋是完全相同的。6)Cats are similar _ tigers _ several ways. A. with; to B. to; in C. in; to D. on; with 8.remark n. 言辞；评论；讲话v. 评
19、论，谈论；谈到；说When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. (P2) remark that 说 , 评论remark on / upon sth / sb 谈论某事或某人make a remark / remarks on / about 对发表评论
20、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - remarkable adj. 引人注目的；异常的，非凡的1)He remarked that he would be absent the next day. 2)He was remarking upon the subject when I came into the room. 3)Please make a remark on “Better City,
21、 Better Life ”, the theme of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. 请你说说自己对上海世博会主题“ 城市，让生活更美好” 的认识。9.have difficulty (in) doing sth费力做某事；做某事有困难have difficulty with sth A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. 1)Japan had great difficulty controlling
22、 the explosion of nuclear power station. 2)When I came to America, I had a lot of difficulty making myself understood. 3)There is some / much / a lot of / no / little / not much difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth / with sth 4)My sister is having some difficulty with her work this year. 5)Because of
23、 your coming, I think there s no difficulty (in) finishing the task on time. 6)You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking 10. lead to 引起；通向 ;导致； (result in ;contribute to) But it has also led to lots of America words and structures passin
24、g into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear. (P3) lead sb to do sth 领着或领导某人做某事lead sb to sp 领某人去某处lead/live a life 过着的生活in the lead 带头，领先，处于领先地位take the lead带头1)The picture led me to think of my childhood. 2)Could you do me a favour and lead me to the
25、bus station? 3)The guide led us through the forest. 4)The one in the second lane is in the lead now. 11. add vt. 增加Now add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety. (P8) 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - add t
26、o 增加，增添add to 往加 add up 加起来，合计add up to 总计达add that 补充说 .1)Will you add more sugar to your coffee? 2)The news added to his anxiety. 3)Please add these figures up and tell me how much they add up to. 4)Only then _ realize I had said the words _ the feeling of disappointment. A. did I; added to B. I;
27、adding to C. I did; added D. did I; adding to 12. in favour of 支持，同意，赞同in sb s favour 对某人有利in favour 赞同的，流行的，得宠的do sb a favor 帮某人忙=do a favor for sb 给某人恩惠，帮某人的忙，为某人尽力1)Not everyone was in favour of this bill. 2)Could you do me a favor to hand me that pencil, please? 3)The majority of the local peopl
28、e got benefit from the medical reform which they are in _ of. A. honor B. danger C. favor D. memory 4)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it. A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour of D. in search of 13. present vt. 陈述；提出（观点、计划） ；介绍，引荐present sb with sth = present sth to
29、 sb 把某物赠送某人Present sb to sb = introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人1)Present your ideas to the rest of the class. (P8) 2)May I present a suggestion? 3)Allow me to present Mr Brown to you. 4)We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future. 5)He was presented with an award. = A
30、n award was presented to him. n.礼物； 目前名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - at present = at the present time 在目前，在现在for the present 就目前来说，暂时up to the present 直到现在At present Libyas situation is extremely terrible. adj.(前置定
31、语 ) 目前的，现在的（后置定语）出席的，到场的We have no choice in the present case. 在目前情况下，我们别无选择。1)The chairman presented a present to all the people present and presented his opinions on the present situation. 大会主席给所有在场的人颁发了礼物并就目前的形势陈述了他的看法。2) （2009 北京）All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ information
32、in a more effective way. A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present 14. refer to as 称为 refer to 参考，查询；提到，涉及The Chinese refer to their language as Han, as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.; (P8) treat as 把某人或某物当作 对待regard as 把当作look on as 把视为 1)The American I
33、ndians referred to salt as“magic white sand”.2)Professor Watson referred me to an article she had written on the subject. 沃森教授要我去查阅她写的一篇关于这个主题的文章。3)We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 4)The hospital now _ patients by name, not case number. A. refers B. refers to C. refer to D. refers to as
34、 15. attempt n. & v. 努力；尝试Can you see any similarities between Webster s work and attempts to simplify Chinese? (P9) He didn t pass the exam, but it was a good attempt.名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - attempt to do /
35、 doing sth 试图做某事in one s attempt to 力图，试图make an attempt to do 打算，试图make an attempt at doing sth 尝试做某事at one s first attempt 第一次尝试1）The doctors are making an attempt to prevent cancer cells spreading. 2）Not many people can answer this question at the first attempt. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - -