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1、Book 2 Unit 4综合训练A卷主题阅读专攻练AFor six hundred years, the Tower of London, s most exotic （异国风情的）prisoners were animals.The Royal Menagerie （动物园）began as a result of kings exchanging rare and strange animals as gifts. In 1235, Henry IH was delighted to be presented with three wildcats by the Holy Roman E
2、mperor Frederick II. These inspired him to start a zoo at the Tower. Henry，s “wildcats， although described as leopards, were probably lions. These are the ancestors of the three lions that still appear on the England football teams shirts today.In 1251 the lions were joined by a “white bear” probabl
3、y a polar bear - given by the King of Norway. In 1255, the King of France sent the first elephant ever seen in England and “people flocked together to see the novel sight”. Sadly, the elephant died in 1258.Poor treatment and cramped conditions meant many of the animals did not survive for long. But
4、the Royal Menagerie continued to grow. Edward I created a permanent new home for the Royal Menagerie at the western entrance to the Tower, which became known as the Lion Tower. The terrifying sounds and smells of wild animals must have both impressed and scared visitors.By 1622, the collection had b
5、een extended to include three eagles, two pumas, a tiger and a jackal, as well as lions and leopards, who were the main attractions.However, the end of the Royal Menagerie came in the 1830s. Campaigners had begun to raise concerns, and the animals were expensive, occasionally dangerous and a nuisanc
6、e to the guardsmen. The Duke of Wellington sent 150 of the beasts to a new zoo in Regents Park, todays London Zoo.Despite Alfred Cops s best efforts to carry on, several further incidents including an escaped wolf and a monkey that bit a guardsman，s leg convinced King William IV to shut down the Roy
7、al Menagerie for good in 1835. The remaining animals were sold to zoos and travelling shows and the Lion Tower was later demolished.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名的伦敦塔中皇家动物园的历史。1. What do we know about the elephant presented in 1255?A. It caused big trouble.B. It received much attention.C. It lived painfully
8、in the Lion Tower.D. It died before the polar bear came in.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，1255年，法国国王送给英国一头 大象，英国人第一次见到大象，人们成群结队地去观看；据此可知，1255年被赠送的这头 大象引起了很大的关注，故B项正确。2. For what reason was the Royal Menagerie closed at last?A. Security concerns.B. The decline of tourism.C Pressure from campaigners.D. The fi
9、nancial burden to raise the animals.解析：选A 细节理解题。根据尾段第一句可知，由于发生了危险事件，包括逃跑的 狼和猴子咬人，故威廉四世终于决定永久关闭这家动物园，故A项正确。3. Which is the best title for the text?A. The Royal MenagerieB. Gifts Presented to the KingC. Tourist Attractions in LondonD. Miserable Life in the Lion Tower解析：选A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题句，结合全
10、文内 容可知，本文主要介绍了伦敦塔中的皇家动物园的历史，故A项最能概括文意。BWe re often reminded of the importance of preserving the planet as we see it for future generations - and children at St Oswald，s CE Primary School Chester certainly agree.Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the schoof s Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to
11、take note. Sometimes they can be busy and I don，t think they think they can make a difference, but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up, she tells HuffPost UK. We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and the things like plastic bags that are polluting them, “ she says. uFish ca
12、n eat the plastic and they can die, or we might even eat the fish ourselves/9Mr Timms, Isobef s teacher, has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly. The entire Hummingbirds class, which is
13、made up of 9- and 10-year-old pupils, has been busy writing poems and creating online video adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife.Mr Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how to take care of the things around us. We sometimes over
14、look how much we can really learn from children, “ he says. “It has been really hard to believe having parents come in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic, and to recycle more, and even stopping them using plastic straws/9Mr Timms is proud of his Hummingbirds class
15、. The message that they would like to send to the world is simple: stopping this isn，t someone else，s job, and it won t be OK if we just leave it.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 “蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目。 该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告以提醒成年人注意环保 问题。4. What can we infer about adults according to Isobel Kelleher?A They
16、just pretend to be busy.B. They haven，t done their part well.C. They can do nothing to stop pollution.D. They have started to care about the ocean.解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句“Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the schools Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note.”可推知，成 年人在环保问题上没有做得很好，故B项正确
17、。5. What is the purpose of the school project?A. To help adults to learn more about their kids.B To remind adults to be friendly to the environment.C. To persuade students to stop using plastic bags.D. To teach students how to write poems creatively.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，整个“蜂鸟班”由9岁和10岁的学 生组成，他们一直忙着写
18、诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人海洋和野生动物所处的严重 处境；据此可知，该项目旨在提醒成年人要注意环保问题，故B项正确。6. What is the text mainly about?A. An inspiring school project.B. An appeal to stop plastic bags.C. Serious situations of our planetD. Adults ignorance of the environment.解析：选A 主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，第三段第一句为全文的主题句，再结合全 文内容可知，本文主要介绍了 “蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育
19、项目，该班由9岁和10岁 的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人注意环保问题。故A项正确。Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towered above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each morning as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set of experiments to look at the ecological eff
20、ects of small creatures: termites （白 蚁）.Termites get 速They make headlines for chewing up billions of dollars ofproperty each year in the U S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing th
21、rough carbon-rich materials. A whole industry is aiming at killing them.But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known for years that in tropical （热带的）forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients fr
22、om the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animals. But they didn，t know exactly how important the insects were in keeping the forest healthy and functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded.As luck would h
23、ave it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest was hit by an extreme drought. During the non-drought years, they saw there wasn51 much difference between the normal plots and the ones where they，d removed the termites. But during the drought, the effects were ma
24、rked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted （抽芽）,and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard dry spell.For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the rea
25、l importance of termites to the system, she points out. And that rings alarm bells in my head, “ she says, “because it makes me think, well, what else don，t we know? If we start damaging biological communities, we dont know what that will do.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。白蚁因每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的房产而登上新闻 头条，它们的碳排放量约占全球的2%。因
26、此，人们想要消灭白蚁。但是科学家通过试验表 明，白蚁对自然生态系统的作用是不可估量的。7. Which of the following best explains a bum rap” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Unfair blame.B. Wide popularity.C. Public attention.D. Special preference.解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三段第一句But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems.”可知，白蚁因每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的房产而登
27、上新闻头 条，人们想杀死它们，但它们在许多自然生态系统中发挥了关键的作用，由此可推知，画 线词所在句表示白蚁受到了不公平的责备。8. What have scientists learned about termites?A. They do serious harm to tropical rainforests.B. They contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in.C. They act as food for other plants, insects and animals.D. They speed up the loss of
28、 nutrition in the rainforest.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解，尤其是第二句中的“termites chewup fallen leaves . by other plants, insects, and animals”可知，白蚁会啃食落叶和枯木，并让 枯木中的营养物质重新进入生态系统，供其他植物、昆虫和动物使用。由此可知，科学家 们已经知道白蚁对它们居住的生态系统贡献很大。9. What can we infer from the finding of Griffiths，experiment?A. Termites help rainforest
29、s survive climate change.B Termites prefer drought years to non-drought ones.C. Termites benefit more from the forest during the drought.D. Termites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought.解析:选A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“What they found was . hard dry spell.” 可知，在白蚁密集的地区，土壤保持湿润，更多的树苗抽芽，生态系统在漫长干旱的时期 充满活
30、力。由此可推知，白蚁能帮助雨林渡过气候变化。10. What does Griffiths tell us in the last paragraph?A. Termites are now in danger of extinction.B. Termites damage biological communities.C. We should think twice before damaging a species.D. We should study the drought to improve the system.解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段，尤其是“If we st
31、art damaging biological communities, we dont know what that will do.”可知，如果我们开始破坏生物群落，我们不 知道会发生什么。由此可推知，Griffiths在最后一段告诉我们在破坏一个物种之前，我们 应该三思而后行。B卷核心素养强化练I .完形填空My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five months now. Some people might wonder on earth I would choose to do that.I
32、 have walked through this forest many times. On 12 December 2011,2 rolled intothe forest and the destruction （摧毁）began. I couldn，t 3 the thought that these forests would be 4 forever. So, on 14 December 2011,1 packed up my life, $ of my job plans, and climbed 60 meters to the top of this tree. I hav
33、e been here ever since.Life in the tree tops can be at times. I have times when I feel frustrated （沮丧） and wish I could ? to anywhere, just have a & of scenery for a minute! There are times too, when I feel terribly 9 I miss my friends and family. these times, I find myself loving the 11.Living on t
34、he tree has been inspiring. I am willing to up here for as long as it takes 9 J3 I honestly hope it won，t be too before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 15 .语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者住在树上阻止他人伐树的故事。1. A.whyB. whenC. howD. where解析：选A 空处引导宾语从句，wonder后接表示原因的连接副词w
35、hy。2. A.waterB.animalsC. machineryD.tourists解析：选C 根据空后面的“destruction （摧毁）”进行判断，只有机器有能力摧毁森林。3. A.bearB.helpC. keepD.spare解析：选 A 考查动宾搭配，could not bear the thought 不能忍受这种想 法；bear “忍受”；help “帮助”；keep “保持；spare “抽出，留出”。4. A.soldB. stolenC. protectedD. lost解析：选D 本题可根据同义复现解题。根据前文“destruction （摧毁）”进行判断，森 林将
36、永久消失。5. A.grew outB. fell shortC. ran outD. let go解析：选D 根据上文“I packed up my life”可知，此处表示“我”放下工作。ran out of逃离；grow out of 产生自” ;fall short “达不至1J ” ; let go of “放手”。6. A.refreshingB. riskyC. challengingD. rewarding解析：选C 本句是本段的主旨句。根据后文可知，作者时而感到沮丧时而孤独，故 可判断此处表示树顶的生活是有挑战性的，C项challenging符合语境。refreshing ”
37、令人耳 目一新的“；risky “有风险的；rewarding “有回报的”。7. A.get upB. get awayC. give inD give up解析：选B 考查动词搭配。作者感到沮丧的时候想要远离当前的环境去其他地方。 get away to 远离；getup 起立；give in 让步；giveup “放弃”。8. A.changeB. lookC. searchD. touch解析：选A 考查动宾搭配，由前文可知作者长期待在树顶感到沮丧，因此想要改变 一下风景。D. lonely9. A.confusedB. nervousC. sorry解析：选D 根据后文“miss f
38、riends and family”可知，此处表示作者感觉很孤单。10. A.BeyondB. WithoutC. DespiteD. Unlike解析：选C 尽管有这些不愉快的时光，作者还是很喜欢这种经历，前后逻辑相反， 承认事实否定结果，表示让步关系。beyond “超出”；without “没有；despite “尽管”； unlike “不像”。11. A.heightB. experienceC. backgroundD. position解析：选B 此处，experience对应本段段首的“Life in the tree tops”。B. stop12. A.returnC. s
39、tayC. stay解析：选Cstay up ”待在这里”。D. hideB. thoughD. so13. A.butC. because解析：选A 根据语境可知，前后句是完全相反的逻辑关系，后句否定前句的事实及 结果，表示转折，故选A。B. longD. bad14. A.soonC. near解析：选B 此处可根据原词复现解题，前文出现了 “as long as”。B. loggedD. missed15. A.movedC. burned解析：选B 根据前文说到的“destruction”(摧毁)和机器以及森林即将消失可知，log “采伐树木”，符合语境。II .语法填空The pop
40、ulation of the milu around China，s Poyang Lake ! (grow) from 47 to 55 since a group of the rare deer was released (释放)there about a year ago. Yang Qibo, who is in charge of Poyang County，s wildlife protection station, told the public that they had recorded 2 birth of 8 deer over the past year. Last
41、April, 3 (improve) biodiversity in the local wetland ecosystem, China released 47 deer into the wild around Poyand Lake, the countrys largest freshwater lake. The species* sudden 4 (disappear) occurred around 1,000 years ago in this area. Local officials said the deer adapted well to the new environ
42、ment and coexisted (peaceful) with local villagers. Whenever a deer 0 (spot), villagers would always report it to wildlife authorities. There were some cases 7 the villagers crops were damaged by the deer, but they usually chose to drive the deer away instead of hurting them. The milu, also known as
43、 Pere Davids deer, is native to China. InChina it bears the (humor) name “sibuxiang or “like none of the four” for its unique features. The wetland deer species is put 9 A-level state protection after overhunting and habitat (栖息地)loss led to its nearly (die) out in the early 20th century. Now about
44、6,700 deer live across the country, including 1,500 in the wild.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国为挽救濒临灭绝的珍稀动物麋鹿所作的努 力和成果。1. has grown 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。since引导的从句用了一般过去时，主句 谓语动词的动作已经完成，故要用现在完成时。population作主语时，若作为一个整体看待, 谓语动词常用单数；若着眼于成员或个体，谓语动词常用复数。根据下文中的，6from 47 to 55” 可知此处是作为一个整体看待，故此处用单数形式。2. the考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指过去一
45、年中八头麋鹿的出生，表特指，故 用定冠词。3. to improve考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处所在部分是非谓语动词短 语，且作目的状语，故要填不定式。4. disappearance 考查名词。此处作主语，要用名词disappearance “消失”。5. peacefully 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词coexisted,故用副词peacefully “和平地”。6. was spotted 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语a deer是单数，与谓语spot “发 现”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，再根据主句的时态可知，从句要用一般过去时。注 意：spot的过去分词要双写t,再加ed。7. where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词cases ”情 况，cases表示抽象的地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where。8. humorous 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰name,故要用所给词的形容词形式 humorous “滑稽有趣的”。9. under 考查介词。under常与protection连用表示“在保护下”，故要用介词under。10. dying 考查非谓语动词。leadto“导致”中的to是介词，其后可跟名词、代词或 动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处是动名词的复合结构，故填dying。