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1、Using Language办寞:语言基础I .单词拼写idiom n.习语；成语1. alongside prep. 在旁边； 与一起adv.在旁边2. shore n.岸；滨steel n.钢；钢铁工业3. accent n. 口音cobblestone adj.铺有鹅卵石的4. coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的anyhow adv.（结束交谈或转换话题时）不过；反正5. proceed vi.行进；继续做toast n.烤面包片；吐司；干杯vt. 为干杯vi.烤（尤指面包）6. dusk n.黄昏；黄昏owe vt.欠（账、债、情等）7. contrary adj.相反的；
2、相对立的n.相反的事实（或事情）H .词汇转换astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊astonishing /.惊人的；令人惊讶的 -astonished adj.感至原讶的f astonishment n. 惊讶1. misty 力.多雾的;模糊的f mist /薄雾；水汽advertisement n. 广告；启事f advertiser n. 广告商； 登广告者f advertise vi.& ”.（为）做广告；登广告f advertising n.广告活动；广告业2. photographer n.摄影师；拍照者f photograph n照片 v.拍照f photography
3、n.摄影术我们必须得想方法找到钱付房租。anyhow意为“尽管如此；反正，相当于anyway。It may rain, but I shall go out anyhow.也许会下雨，但不管怎样我都要出去。K链接写作补全句子Somehow, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat mistakenly held something more volatile (易挥发的)than water.(2020江苏卷)不知怎么地，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。3 .astonish 使十分惊讶；使吃惊Standing in the
4、 distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.(教材 P44)她们站在远处眺望，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾，感到非 常震撼。(l)It astonishes sb that令某人吃惊的是What astonishes sb is.(sth/that 从句)使某人吃惊的是(2)astonished adj.吃惊的be astonished at/by sth 对某事感到惊
5、讶be astonished to find/hear/see. 惊讶地发现/听说/看见(3)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的(4)astonishment n. 惊 讶, 惊 异in astonishment 惊讶地We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.我们惊讶地发现寺庙还是原来的样子。We were all astonished at the news that he had passed his driving test.听到他通过了驾驶考试的消息，我们都感到惊讶。It as
6、tonished me that he could be so thoughtless.令我吃惊的是，他竟如此轻率。To the astonishment of the public, up to now, the government hasnt reacted to the problem.令公众惊讶的是，到目前为止，政府还没有对这个问题做出反响。After I told her the news, she stared at me in astonishment.我把消息告诉她之后，她惊讶地盯着我看。K链接写作U补全句子To my astonishment, they seemed as
7、tonished at the not astonishing news, and looked at me in astonishment.令我吃惊的是，他们听到这个并不令人惊讶的消息时似乎大吃一惊，并惊讶地望 着我。4 .owevf.欠（账 债 情等）You owe it to yourselves to stay longer.（教材 P44）你们应该多待一会儿。（l）owe sth to sb = owe sb sth 欠（某人人情）；欠某人某物；把归功于某人owe sb an explanation/apology 该向某人解释/致歉owe sb a lot/a great deal
8、 非常感激某人（2）owing adj.未付的；欠着的owing to prep. 由于；因为I owe my parents a lot fbr everything theyve done fbr me.我非常感激父母为我所做的一切。Owing to the shower, the baseball game was interrupted.棒球比赛因为阵雨而暂停了。K名师提醒Howing to的近义表达有： as a result of, thanks to, due to, because of,on account of, as a consequence of。K链接写作同义句转换
9、/单句写作You owe more than gold to him who is in favour of you.f You owe him more than gold who is in favour of you.我应该为我今天早上说的话向你抱歉。I owe you an apology for what I said this morning.他把他的成就归因于努力工作。He owes his achievements to hard work.你应该停止担忧工作上的事你自己应该和家人享受周末。You need to stop worrying about work-you owe
10、 it to yourself to enjoy the weekends with your family.通关1. Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising fromthe great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.(教材 P44)她们站在远处眺望，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾，感到非 常震撼。句中加黑局部为“see+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语既可以是不带to 的动词不定式，也可以是现
11、在分词和过去分词。结构含义例句see sb do看到动作的全过程I saw him enter the hall.我看见他进了大厅。see sb doing看到动作正在进行I saw him playing (play) near the river.我看见他正在河边玩。see sb done看到某人被I saw him knocked (knock) down by a car.我看见他被一辆小汽车撞倒了。(1)感官动词+宾语+非谓语动词除see外还有一些感官动词，如hear, notice, watch, feel等，也可用不带to的 不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语。As soon
12、 as he entered the office, he noticed his cup broken.他一进办公室就注意到他的杯子被打碎了。(2)不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，如变成被动句，需加上to,这时不定式成 为主语补足语；分词作宾语补足语时，如变成被动句，那么不需要变化，可直接用 作主语补足语。I heard the students sing an English song.f The students were heard to sing (sing) an English song.我听到学生们唱了一首英文歌。I heard the students singing an
13、English song.f The students were heard singing an English song.我听到学生们正在唱一首英文歌。K链接写作R补全句子They noticed fifty and twenty dollar bills floating in the water. （2020全国卷 H） 他们注意到水中漂浮着一些50和20美元的纸币。 自学教材要点S!熟记重要词语I .写出句中加黑词的词性和含义Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy力.不清楚的1. This is
14、the first leg of a roundthe world flight.儿（旅行）的一段路程He has felt his legs.有了 自信2. There is enough space in the park.大片空地；开阔地Tom was away from school fbr a month so now hes got to work hard to catch up with the rest of the class.。,赶上3. We need a strong bike, a good backpack and lots of energy.o力.（物体）坚固
15、的；结 实的n.写出以下词块的含义1. go on a tour of the city 游览这座城市be available for sth 有空做某事2. all kinds of great food 各种各样的美食with an accent 带有口音3. . owe it to yourselves to stay longer应该多待一会儿unique Quebec culture and traditions独特的魁北克文化和传统beautiful cobblestone streets 美丽的鹅卵石街道4. old brick buildings 古老的石专房9 . the r
16、ed maple leaves of Montreal蒙特利尔的红枫树叶：;练透常用句型I .分析下面长难句并翻译Standing in the distance, they were astonished to状语主句主干see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, （which is on the south side of the lake.）定语从句K尝试翻译H她们站在远处眺望，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾，感到非常震撼。1. The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, （who ha
17、d moved主句主干定语从句to Canada many years earlier.）（尝试翻译u表姐妹俩和林菲聊了起来，林菲多年前就搬到了加拿大。II .仿写以下句式As they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.K尝试仿写随着时光的推移，学生们最终会明白老师一直挂在嘴上的话。As time goes on, the students will finally understand what the teacher is always tal
18、king about.in.默写短语go on a tour of 去旅游1. in contrast to.与相比owe it to oneself to do sth 自 己应该做某事2. contrary to 与相反come for sb 来接某人突破话题听说I .听说词汇认知翻译以下词语freeze vi.& vt.结冰；（使）冻住1. over adv. 完全覆盖simile n. KC, U3 明喻2. anyhow adv.不过；反正curiosity n. 好奇心； 求知欲3. alongside prep.在旁边；与一起freeze over 封冻，（外表）结冰4. wor
19、ds fail me 说不出话来； 不知说什么好as flat as a pancake 非常平坦5. go up 登上；爬上n.话题交际表达先背诵后翻译i.背诵以下语句（1）表达吃惊与好奇Oh, my goodness! /Good heavens! Youre kidding! Are you kidding?Are you serious? It cant be true!Oh no! Really?What a surprise!I think its fantastic!Wow! How interesting/amazing!What was it like?谈论空间与位置Its
20、about.kilometres northeast of.(2).is close to.in/on/to the north/south/west/east of.across the continent/lake(Dalongside the coast/rivergo eastwards/westwards/northwards/southwards(3)自然地结束对话I have to run.Good talking to you.I11 catch you later.It was good/nice meeting you.Im sure you want to relax a
21、 bit.ril let you go.Sorry, I cant talk longer.Fm actually on my way to.Well, I have to go.ril talk to you later.2.翻译句子哇！多么有趣/令人惊叹！Wow! How interesting/amazing!它在芝加哥附近的一个小镇上。It is in a small town, close to Chicago.对不起，我不能再说了。我实际上正在去学校的路上。Sorry, I cant talk longer.Im actually on my way to school.直技听力技
22、巧听力微技能习语、委婉表达或地道表达习语、委婉表达或地道表达常用于英语中。这会使听力内容中跟正确K答 案 密切相关的信息往往不是直接表达，听力选项中一般找不到一模一样的选项。而 是通过委婉的地道表达，或者相反的信息来误导学生。这就要求学生正确理解听 力信息，平时多多积累日常口语的地道表达，以及关键信息提示词(同义词、近 义词、反义词)。K 典题印证 1 5What is the man doing?A. Offering help.B - Asking for advice.C. Making an appointment.K听力原文2M： Here, let me help you carr
23、y your bags.W ： Oh, thats all right.I can manage.M： Yes, but Ive got two hands free.W： OK.Thank you very much.K解题思路A K做此题时首先得审题清楚，问的是对话男士在做什么。而 且听力信息中的I can manage以及Ive got two hands free均是地道表达，很多学 生可能听不懂是什么意思。前者指的是自己可以应付（不需要帮助），后者说的是 现在两手空空，不忙。DK典题印证 21How does the man feel after retirement?A. Lone
24、ly.B. Depressed.C. Relaxed.K听力原文1W： Hello David.I heard you have just retired.Are you enjoying your retirement?M： To be honest, I really feel down.Now that I am not working every day, I dont know what to do with myself.K解题思路B K做对此题在于学生是否理解feel down的含义。这是一种 地道表达，说明心情抑郁，情绪不高。只有在理解了这层含义之后方能找到对应 的近义表达BN
25、斛速教材文本课文注解proceed/prasi:d/oi.行进；继续做proceed to do sth（ = go on to do sth）（做完某件事后）接着做另一件事proceed with sth继续做某事（继续做同一件事）leg儿K熟词生义UKCH 一段路程（或赛程）the next leg of.的下一段路程(3)go on a tour of.去旅游shore/p:(r)/n. KC, U岸；滨on the shores of the lake 在湖畔astonished/estDnlJt/a力感到十分惊讶的，吃惊的astonish/a stonlj/ut使十分惊讶;使吃惊mi
26、sty-mlsti/a力多雾的；模糊的mist/mlst/n. KC, U3 薄雾;水汽K近义foggy。力.有雾的，雾茫茫的skyscraper/skalskrelp。)/儿 KCH 摩天大楼steel/sti山丘KU1钢；钢铁工业old fashioned 的.陈旧的，过时的K构词法U ”形容词+名词+ ed”形式的形容词还有：warmhearted 热情的，badtempered 脾气坏的available 的.(人)有空的be available for sth 有空做某事dusk/dAsk/n. KUl黄昏；黄昏K反义dawn n. KC, U3黎明，拂晓around/at dusk
27、在黄昏时分in contrast to与相比 advertisement/adv3：tlsmant;MA/nEaedvsPtalzmant/.(i碇rm。/ad) KCD 广告；启事accent/aeksent/z?. KCU 口音with an accent 带有口音a strong/broad accent 浓重的口音photographer/fatDgrsfa(r)/儿 KCII 摄影师；拍照者photograph n. KCl 照片，相片(also photo) o.拍照，为照相owe/ou/”.欠(帐、债、情等);归功于,归因于owe sth to sb欠(某人情)；把归功于某人ow
28、e it to oneself to do sth自己应该做某事overall adv.总的来说，大体上，总体上K 同义X on the whole/all in all/generally speaking 总的说来 toast/tsust/n. KUH烤面包片,吐司；KC3干杯”为干杯式.烤（尤指面包）drink a toast to为干杯propose a toast to提议为干杯speed况.快速前行 cobblestone/kDblstsun/的.铺有鹅卵石的 beautiful cobblestone streets 美丽的鹅卵石街道 cobblestones n. Kp/.U鹅
29、卵石，小圆石原文呈现SEEING THE TRUE NORTHVIA RAIL: TORONTOAND MONTREALAfter Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada K1 % they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed1 to the next leg 2 of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of3 the city.
30、They went up the CN Tower and looked across the shores1 of Lake Ontario.SlaDdinsJlLthejdiManslbfey weiasionishedLjtogsjniMYLelQudsjdsingJtaiilhiceaLNiagMSLEall&JsdiiGlLis ZZZZXZXZXZSZZ/NZZZZZXXZZVXZXZZXZZZXZXZvZZZSZZZSZZZXZZXX/SZwZXZZXZX/pSZZZXZZZNZXZZZZZW*XZZZXZSZVZZSZZZS/XZZXZ/SZSZXZZZ/ZXZXZZZZZZX
31、ZZS/ZS/XZvSZXZX/1/VZ1VZXZwZXZv*llZSZX/l*ZX/SZS/XZXZZX/*XZXZXZZSZXZZS on the south side of the lake K2U. Water from the lake flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.K13画线局部为Toronto的同位语。K2H本句为复合句。Standing in the distance为现在分词短语作状语；see misty clouds rising from the great Ni
32、agara Falls 为“see sb/sth doing”结构;which is.lake 为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰the great Niagara FallsoThe girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel , and old-fashioned9 cars rolling by.As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mothers old schoolmates, lives here
33、.I should phone her and see if shes available for dinner. ”They met Lin Fei around dusk over dinner at a restaurant in downtown Chinatown.The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.“This is the largest Chinatown in Toronto.We have a few more in the Greater Toronto A
34、rea, so you can guess that there are a lot of Chinese people in Canada! Chinese people have been coming here for more than a hundred years.Therefore, we can get all kinds of great food here from all over China, “ Lin Fei told them.The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next
35、 morning.At the station, in contrast to Toronto, they heard people talking in French.Theyjverejurprised toEnglish with an accent H311.K33该句中that引导的从句作动词see的宾语，宾语从句由and（第二个）连接 的两个并列分句构成。“We dont leave until this evening, “ said Liu Qian. Lets go downtown.Old Montreal is close to the water. ”They spen
36、t the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces along St Paul Street.As they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.“Hello, my name is Jean Philippe.Um a photographer, v he said, “and I was wondering where you are firom.”The
37、 girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada.When they told him they had only one day in Montreal, he said, Thats too bad.You owe it to yourselves to stay longer.Overall， Montreal is a city with wonderful sights and sounds.Most of us speak both English and French, and
38、the city has unique Quebec culture and traditions.There are fantastic restaurants and clubs around, too.Here, we love good coffee, toast, and cheese.And good music, of course!”That night the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River towards the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east c
39、oast towards the province of Nova Scotia and its largest city, Halifax.The cousins dreamt happily of the beautiful cobblestone streets, old brick buildings, and the red maple leaves of Montreal.课文译文乘火车看真正的北方：多伦多和蒙特利尔李黛予和表妹到达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多后，离出发到下一站蒙特利 尔之前只有几个小时的时间，所以她们就游览了这座城市。她们登上了加拿大国 家电视塔，眺望安大概湖沿
40、岸。她们站在远处，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布 上升腾而起的水雾，感到非常震撼。湖水流入尼亚加拉河，流过瀑布，流向大海。 女孩们还看到成百上千座玻璃和钢铁包裹的摩天大楼，老式汽车从她们身边驶过。 她们从港区往北走的时候，李黛予说：“我妈的老校友林菲就住在这里。我应该 给她打个 ，看看她是否有空一起吃饭黄昏时分，她们来到市中心唐人街的一家餐馆跟林菲见面吃饭。表姐妹俩和林菲 聊了起来，林菲多年前就搬到了加拿大。“这是多伦多最大的唐人街。在大多伦多地区还有一些唐人街，所以你们可以猜 到加拿大有很多中国人！中国人来这里已经有一百多年的历史了。因此，我们可 以在这里吃到来自中国各地的美食。”林菲告诉她们
41、。火车当晚很晚才发车，第二天一大早就到了蒙特利尔。与多伦多不同，她们在火 车站听到人们用法语交谈。她们惊讶地发现这里所有的标志和广告都是用的法语, 许多人说英语带着口音。“我们今天晚上才走，”刘倩说。“我们去市区吧。蒙特利尔老城靠近水域。” 下午她们逛了许多可爱的商店，还沿着圣保罗街拜访了工作坊里的艺术家。她们 坐在宽阔的圣劳伦斯河岸旁的一家餐馆里时，一个年轻人和她们坐在一起。“你们好，我叫让菲利普，是个摄影师，”他说，“我想知道你们从哪里来。” 女孩们告诉他，她们来自中国，乘火车旅行，要横穿加拿大。当她们告诉他，她 们在蒙特利尔只待一天时，他说：“那太糟糕了。你们应该多待一会儿。总的来 说，
42、蒙特利尔是一个风景优美、声音优美的城市。我们大多数人会说英语和法语。 这座城市有着独特的魁北克文化和传统。附近也有很棒的餐厅和俱乐部。在这里， 我们喜欢上好的咖啡、吐司和奶酪。当然还有美妙的音乐！”那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河向圣劳伦斯湾疾驰而去，再朝远处的东海岸驶往 新斯科舍省及其最大的城市哈利法克斯。表姐妹俩幸福地进入了梦乡，她们梦见了美丽的鹅卵石街道、古老的砖房和蒙特利尔的红枫树叶。 4折核心要点 探究重点难点 , 峋聆精讲 ,Lcontraiy。明.相反的；相对立的n.相反的事实（或事情）Well, contrary to what many people believe, there
43、 are a lot of vast and empty spaces in China, actually.（教材P43）嗯，与许多人想的相反，实际上中国有很多广阔而空 旷的地方。contrary to 相反的；相 对立的on the contrary 正相反；恰恰相反to the contrary 相反的；相反地It wasnt a good thing.On the contrary, it was a huge mistake.这不是好事。恰恰相反，这是一个巨大的错误。There is no evidence to the contrary.没有相反的证据。K链接写作D用contrar
44、y的相关短语补全句子Contrary to students in high school/Contrary to high school students（与高中生相 反），students in college may have a lot of free time between classes.If you associate with positive - thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success.On/Quite the contrary（与止匕相反），the opposite happens.2.anyhow “du.（结束交谈或转换话题时）不过；反正Anyhow, the next station is my stop!（教材 P43） 反正我下站就到了！K易混辨析1易混词含义somehow意为“以某种方式；不知怎么地；由于某种原因”。We must find money for the rent somehow.