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1、Unit 1 Science and ScientistsReading and Thinking语篇理解Step One： Pre-readingAccording to the following pictures, can you tell how scientists affect the world?Step Two： While-readingI .Read for the main idea1. Whafs the main idea of the passage?A. King Cholera.B. The life of John Snow.C. John Snows def
2、eat of King Cholera.D. The use of John Snow*s map in his research.2. Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para. 1 A. Snow*s investigationPara.2 B. the comment on SnowPara.3 C. the introduction of cholera in the pastPara.4 D. the two theories of cholera*s spreadingPara.5 E. Snows conclusionII .Rea
3、d for details阅读文章第一段，完成第1题。1. Why was the disease called King Cholera?The way in which we work has undergone a complete(transform) in the past decade.K写美R 补全句子It is a surprise that the city a small town a modernindustrial center in recent ten years.真令人惊奇，在近十年中，这个城市由一个小乡镇转变成了一个现代化的工业中心。重点句型2. K句型公式so
4、that如此以至于(教材 p.2)He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。sothat意为如此以至于引导结果状语从句，在此结构中so为副词，后 面跟形容词或副词。具体用法如下：形容词/副词+that.形容词+ a (an) +单数可数名词+ thatso+many/few +可数名词复数+ that.(so .that.)K点津U
5、 suchthat与sothat意思相同，但用法不同,“suchthat”句型结构 可分为以下三种：a (an) +形容词+可数名词单数+ thatsuch I She blamed the failure of their marriage _ her husband.K写美补全句子Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else.乔既骄傲又固执，从不成认自己错了，总是找别人来责怪。K点津1 be to blame意为“该受谴责，该受责备”，用不定式的主动形式表
6、示被动含义。5. handle .把手；拉手；柄可.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)(教材 p.2) Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。(l)handle a machine 操纵机器handle a problem 处理问题handle the paperwork处理文书工作handle the data处理数据(2)the handle of the door 门把手get a handle on sth.开始
7、了解/掌握某事K佳句UHe turned the handle and opened the door.他转动把手，翻开了门。K练透U单句语法填空/熟词生义As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer (handle) the problem.We all have to learn to handle pressure.K写美补全句子(3) Then , first and youll feel a real sense of achievement.然后，先处理最重要的任务
8、，这样你会感到真正的成就感。6. linkn.联系;纽带把连接起来；相关联（教材 p.3）Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。link . to .将和联系或连接起来link up with 与联合；使与衔接K佳句UA chain is no stronger than its weakest link.（谚语）一环薄弱，全链易断
9、。K练透单句语法填空Your innovations should be linked _ our school life and be able to make our life better and more convenient.They went on to the next town, where they linked with the other party.7. decrease n.减少；降低；减少量位.&方.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低（教材 p.3）Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to se
10、ll clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。（l）decrease to . 减少到decrease by .减少了decrease from . to . 从减少到（2）on the decrease 正在减少K佳句UThe number of people aged 50 and under will decrease by more than 30% during the time.在此期
11、间，五十岁和五十岁以下的人口将减少30%多。K练透1单句语法填空The traffic accidents in the city decreased _ 40% last year.The number of new students in this school decreased from 2, 1001, 600 this year.K写美U 补全句子（3） Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目正在减少。K点津U decrease的反义词为increase,其搭配有：in
12、crease to .增加（长）到；increase by .增加（长）了； on the increase 正在增加。8. thanks to幸亏；由于（教材 p.3）Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.幸运的是，由于约翰斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。K佳句IThanks to our joint efforts, new advances have been made in the cooperation of BRICS this year.今年由于我们
13、的共同努力，金砖经济合作迈出了新步伐。K练透U补全句子It was all a great success .由于许多艰辛工作，这才大获成功。R写美翻译句子多亏了你及时的帮助，我按时完成了工作。K点津U 表示“因为；由于”的短语还有： owing to, due to, because of, as a result of, on account of 等。9. transform近,使改观；使改变形态 沅.改变；转变(教材 p.3). Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。(l)transform . into . 把变成transform into转变成；转化成；改造为be transformed from . into . 由变成(2)transformation n. 改变；转换；改观K佳句UIt was an event that would transform my life.那是能够改变我生活的一件事。K练透1 单句语法填空She was transformed from a common-looking adolescent a pretty young woman.