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1、Using Language突破话题听说I .听说词汇认知翻译以下词语effectively。面.有效地1. criminal n.罪犯contextn. 上下文，语境2. logic n.逻辑observe vt.& vi.观察；看到3. reveal vt. 揭示；露出clarify”.使更清晰易懂；说明；澄清4. quote n. 弓I语；引文conceal vt.隐藏，隐瞒5. make sense 有意义；讲得通；合乎情理II .话题交际表达先背诵后翻译1 .背诵以下“询问、给予说明”的语句What did you mean by.?So you mean.?So did that
2、mean.?What I dont quite understand is.(5)Could you explain.?Could you give me an example?In other words.What I meant was.What I was trying to say was.Does that make sense?Is that clear?1 can tell that.2 .翻译句子 在我们国家，垃圾分类成为普遍的趋势。2. occupy以占据；占用（时间 空间）；占领；使忙于（做某事）With their chins on their hands, they o
3、ccupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.（教材 P44） 他们双手托着下巴，盯着窗外或天花板。Even quite a small aircraft occupies a lot of space. 即使很小的飞机也要占很大的空间。occupy oneself with sth忙于（做）某事occupy oneself （in） doing sth ，忙于估攵某事occupy sb,s mind/thoughts/attention 占据某人的脑海/思想/注意力 occupation n.占领；职业；
4、工作 occupied adj.忙于的；已被占用的be occupied with sth 忙 于某事be occupied in （doing） sth 忙于（做）某事Later I went to a cafe to have lunch, but all the tables had been occupied. 随后我去一家小餐馆吃午餐，可是满座了。d）Occupied（occupy） with her work, she didnt even notice the heavy snowfall outside the window.由于忙于工作，她甚至没有注意到窗外下着大雪。（3）1
5、 have been so occupied in my work that I havent had time fbr social activities. 我一直太忙于工作，以至于没有时间参加社交活动。K链接写作U补全句子/ 一句多译One of his occupations is fishing, which occupies most of his spare time, and his wife often reminds him that he should be occupied in his work.他的业余活动之一是钓鱼，这占用了他大局部的业余时间，他的妻子经常提醒他 应
6、该专注于工作。她在家忙于照看三个孩子不再有时间参加各种各样的活动。f She is occupied in looking after 3 children at home, so she no longer has time to take part in the various activities.Occupied jn looking aftei 3 children at home, she no longer has time to takepart in the various activities.f Occupying herself in looking after 3 c
7、hildren at home, she no longer has time to take part in the various activities.3.stare泣.凝视,盯着看（教材P闻stare at sb 盯着某人看，凝视某人stare sb up and down 上下打量某人I stared at the door and wondered why she didnt appear.我盯着门口看，想知道她为什么没有出现。The child stared the stranger up and down.那个孩子上下打量着这个陌生人。K辨析比拟Hstare at/glance
8、 at/glare atK链接写作U 选择填空：stare at/glance at/glare at/补全句子易混词区别例句stare at指长时间盯着某个目标 看，且常带有粗鲁、茫然 或不礼貌的意味。Its impolite to stare at foreign visitors in the street .在大街上盯着外国游客看是不礼貌 的。glance at指匆匆一看或瞥一眼，强 调看的时间短暂。She glanced at the envelope and recognized her uncles handwriting.她看了一眼信封就认出了她叔叔的笔迹。glare at指怒
9、视，强调敌对或威胁 的态度。He didnt shout; he just glared at me silently.他没有喊叫，只是默默地怒视着我。The mother was trembling with anger.She glared at her son and said nothing.Glancing at the clock on the wall, Alice found that she was late.With the audience staring at her, the little girl felt nervous on the stage.I dont t
10、hink he saw me just now.He was just staring at the sky（只 是一直在盯着天空）.4. distinguish近& %区分；区分；认出；使有别于While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.（教材 P44） 尽管很容易就能发觉到学生何时感兴趣、何时感到无聊或何时精力不集中，但有 时很难分辨学
11、生何时遇到了困惑。distinguish A from B 显示出特性；将A与B区别开 distinguish between A and B 区分，识另U（两者）之间的不同 distinguish oneself （as.）（作为）使出众；使著名be distinguished for 因而知名If the room had not been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures. 如果房间不暗的话，他就能区分出这两幅画了。They can even distinguish their mothers voice from th
12、at of a female stranger. 他们甚至能区分妈妈的声音和一个陌生女性的声音。She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.作为运发动她已享有盛名。K链接写作H补全句子He has already distinguished himself as a pianist.作为钢琴家他已享有盛名。He is distinguished for his profound learning in mathematics.他以其数学上的渊博学识而闻名。5. embarrassed a办难堪的；尴尬的They may also hi
13、de their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.（教 材 P44）他们也可能用手掩面，好像他们感到尴尬或羞愧一样。be/feel embarrassed about/at sth因某事而感到难为情be embarrassed to do sth 十分难堪地去做某事embarrass vt. 使窘迫embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的；使人难堪的 embarrassment n. 尴尬； 难堪to ones embarrassment 让 某人尴尬的是We believe the company wil
14、l be seriously embarrassed if it does not get the loan. 我们认为如果这家公司得不到这笔贷款，势必陷入严重的经济困难。Linda felt embarrassed about breaking (break) the bosss glass carelessly. 琳达因不小心打破了老板的玻璃杯而感到尴尬。To my embarrassment (embarrass), they all ignored me.让我难堪的是，他们都不理我。K链接写作?补全句子embarrassed me to have to give my opinion
15、in public.不得不当众表达我的观点让我很尴尬。That was an embarrassing. situation for me. 那种情形让我难堪。We apologise for aay embarrassment this may have caused. 我们为因此可能带来的尴尬表示歉意。6. adjust地调整;调节应.&此适应；(使)习惯Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene， and when to talk to students indiv
16、idually, so they can all get the most out of school .(教 材 P44)他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候该调整课堂活动，什么时候该介入，什么时候 该单独和学生谈话，这样他们就能从学校里得到最大的收获。adjust to (doing) sth适应/习惯(做)某事adjust oneself to (doing) sth 使某人自己适应/习惯(做)某事 adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的adj ustment n.调整；调节make an adjustment to./make adjustments to. 对作 出调整We ha
17、ve made some adjustments to our original plan.我们已经对原计划作出一些调整。You will quickly adjust yourself to the new environment.你将很快适应新环境。At the beginning of the term, our teacher told us that our learning plans should be adjusted (adjust) correctly to the new situation, and that all of us should adjust oursel
18、ves to it.We all accepted our teachers suggestion and made adjustments (adjust). Soon we got used to the new situation and got good marks.新学期开始时，老师告诉我们，(我们)应该恰当地调整学习计划以使其适应新情 况，还有我们都应该调整自己以适应新情况。我们都接受了老师的建议，并作出 了调整。很快我们就适应了新情况，并取得了好成绩。K链接写作?补全句子Astronauts have to adjust themselves to the weightless
19、conditions.宇航员必须使自己适应失重状态。As a teacher, you have to adjust your teaching methods to the needs of your students.作为一名教师，你必须根据学生的需要调整教学方法。7. in other words换句话说；也就是说I found that the work I was doing had been done by other people-in other words, I was wasting my time.(教材P43)我发现我在做别人已完成的工作，换句话说，我是 在浪费时间。含
20、有word/words的其他常用表达keep ones word 遵 守诺言break one word 失信；食言have a word with. 与谈一谈have words with. 与争吵eat ones words 成认说错 了 话in a word 总之；简言之give sb my word that. 向某人保证Word came that. 有消息称He broke his word again and I cant trust him anymore.他又一次食言了，我再也不能相信他了。I think I will have a word with the naughty
21、 boy in private.我想我要和这个淘气的男孩私下谈一谈。In a word, we must try our best to protect the environment.总之，我们必须尽最大努力来保护环境。I give you my word that this wont happen again.我向你保证这种事不会再次发生。Word came that Tom went to Germany last month.有消息说汤姆上个月去德国了。K链接写作?补全句子）In a word， Im very satisfied with your work.总之，我对你的工作很满意
22、。The manager asked him not to come again.In other words, he was fired.经理让他不要再来了。换句话说，他被解雇了。She repeated their conversation word for word to me.她一字不差地把他们的谈话向我复述了一遍。Once we break our word， nobody will trust us again.一旦我们食言，就不会再有人相信我们了。Word came that the outing would be put off.有消息说郊游要推迟了。8. call on（短暂
23、地昉问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.（教材 Pm）有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕老师叫他们。含有call的其他常用短语call at拜访（某地）call back 回 call for需要；要求call in召来call off 取消call upon拜访（某人）；号召call up 打 ；想起Lets call on John/at Johns house.咱们去看看约翰吧/去约翰家吧。She said she
24、 would call me back.她说她会给我回 。His promotion calls for a celebration.他的晋升需要庆祝一下。He was seriously ill so a doctor was called（call） in at once.他病得很重，因此人们马上找来了一位医生。The flight was called off because of bad weather.这个航班因为糟糕的天气被取消了。He called on the people of this town to vote against the measure.他号召本镇居民投票，反
25、对这一措施。K链接写作X补全句子The music calls up old times.音乐让人回想起往日的时光。He is ill ； you should call in the doctor right away.他病了；你应该立即请大夫来。The game was called off due to the heavy rain.比赛因大雨而被取消。, 蜀e：通关 1. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minu
26、tes for the class to end.（教材 P44）所以，如果一个学生低头看他的手表，这意味着他感到很无聊，只是在数着下课 的时间。使役动词have的常见用法“have+宾语+dosth”意为让做某事”。“have +宾语+doing sth”意为“使处于（某种状态）；使作出（某种反 应）；容忍做某事（多用在否认句中）”。“have +宾语+done sth”意为“使被；让（他人）为你做某事；蒙受（他 人所为的后果）”。Ill have Hudson show you to your room.我会让赫德森带你去你的房间。He had his audience listening
27、 attentively.他抓住了听众的注意力。We cant have people arriving late all the time.我们不能容忍有人总是迟到。 She had all her jewellery stolen （steal）.她所有的首饰都被偷了。K链接写作X翻译句子让机器一直运行不是一个好主意。It is not a good idea to have the machine imning all he time.你想让谁和你一起去？Who would yog like to have go with you?2 . While it is easy to perc
28、eive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.（教材 P44）尽管学生们何时（对课程）感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易发觉的，但 要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。while连接句子时的用法while用作附属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然“，常位于句首。while用作并列连词，表比照关系，翻译成“而while用作附属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候，从句谓语 需要用延
29、续性动词。While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我成认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。I like singing while Mary likes dancing.我喜欢唱歌而玛丽喜欢跳舞。A student came to see you while you were out a moment ago.刚才你外出时.，有个学生来见你。He fell asleep while he was doing his homework.他做着做着功课就睡着了。K链接
30、写作U翻译句子尽管这对双胞胎看起来一样，但他们却有完全不同的性格。While/Though/Although the twins look jhe same , they have totally diffeient characteis.当我们谈话的时候，老师进来了。While we werg talking, the teacher came in.在学校里，有些学生很活跃而其他的却很腼腆。At school, somg students are active while others are shy.学教材要点一SB熟记重要词语I .熟词生义写出句中加黑词的含义Lack of truck
31、s embarrassed the armys movements使陷入困境，使为难1. They perceived that enemy was trying to wear down their resistance.发觉The speech occupied three hours.持续2. Reporters asked Donald Trump to clarify his position on the outbreak of the COVID 19.说明After I succeed, I will tell you what makes me tick.我为什么这么做IL写
32、出以下词块的含义make a joke 讲笑话1. have the same distant expression 表情疏远呆滞deeper issues 更严重的问题2. have serious conflicts with other students 和其他学生发生了严重的冲突an important component 重要组成局部3. rob sb of sth 抢劫/掠夺某人某物fish in troubled waters 浑水摸鱼；趁火打劫4. sail the Atlantic 在大西洋上航行SS练透常用句型I.分析以下句子并翻译“-ing形式作主语Reacting to
33、 body language is an important component of being a teacher.ir.-ing形式作宾语K尝试翻译U对肢体语言作出反响是作为一名教师的重要组成局部。H.仿写以下句式Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然，并不是每个抬头的学生都在专心听讲。K尝试仿写12周日不是每个学生都去农场。Not every student goes to the farm on Sunday.k尝试仿写22我们班里不是每个人都喜欢足球。Not eveiyone in o
34、ur class likes football.1. Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 不管是什么，我知道我需要打听和评估一下所发生的事情。K尝试仿写我注意到每当我在餐厅点饮料时，通常都会有吸管，但我通常不需要吸管。I notice that whenever I order a drink at a restaurant, it will usually come with a straw in it, but I dont usually need a straw.你怎么判断你父母的态
35、度？How do you judge your parents attitude?我再同意不过了。I couldnt agiee more.听力技巧听力微技能谈话背景、谈话者关系解答谈话背景题的关键在于识别一些跟某特定场景相关的词语。如对话中提到 savings account, money, interest rates等词，可推断对话发生地点是“银行”。解 答谈话者关系题时，应抓住对话中与各个职业、人物关系有关的词语，如听到 renew, library可推断为图书管理员与借书人”的关系；听至Uourson, darling, 可推断为“家庭成员”的关系。常见提问方式：Where are
36、the speakers?Where does the conversation (probably) take place?What is the (probable) relationship between the speakers?What relation is.to.?When does the conversation (probably) take place?What day is it when the conversation takes place?K 典题印证 1HWhere does the conversation most probably take place
37、?A. At an airport.B. At a subway station.C. In a taxi.K听力原文M： Er, Heathrow Airport, please.Fm in a bit of hurry.W： Well, ril do what I can, sir.But the traffics terrible this morning.Some sort of accident is said on the radio.Might be quicker taking the subway.K解题思路cK男士要去机场，并说有点儿急，女士回答说会尽力而为，并说早晨的交通
38、状况很差。由此可知男士很可能是在出租车上。HK典题印证 23What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and secretary.B - Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.K听力原文RW： Mr.Carlton, Mr.Garfield called just now.He wants to talk with you about the sales report this afternoon.M： Im busy all aftemoon.Tell him to
39、meet me tomorrow morning.W： OK.R解题思路R A K女士向男士汇报Mr.Garfield来 邀请共同洽谈销售报告 的事情，男士安排女士让她告诉对方明天见面会谈生意；由此可知男士可能是女 士的老板。Ml 教材文本课文注解educator/,ed3ukelta(r)/n. KCX 教师；教育工作者；教育家K构词法以“动词+后缀一or”构成的表示职业的名词还有：actor演员；sailor 水手；collector收藏家；visitor来访者；editor编辑；translator(尤指专职)翻译; conductor(管弦乐队、合唱队等的)指挥;director主任,
40、导演;tailor裁缝；inventor 创造家等。not (all) that不那么；并不多么oneonone ( = oneto one)一对一的，仅限于两人之间的what makes sb tick形成某人性格(影响某人行为)的思想(情感，见解)；使某人 这样做的原因tendency/tendensi/ n. KCH 倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向 lowei713us(r)/8.把放低；降低；减少M/.下面的；下方的imply/Implal/ .意味着；暗示barely/beali/ adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚distant画.心不在焉
41、的，恍惚的，出神的but prep.除 了，除以外(=except)丫出!11/1匕1出七111/0，.做白日梦n. KC3白日梦，幻想chin/tjln/ n. KC1下巴(keep your) chin up振作起来,不气馁，不灰心 occupy/DkjupaI/ ”使忙碌；占据；占用 stare/stee(r)/沅.盯着看;凝视n. KC2凝视 ceilingsiillrj/ n. KC1天花板；上限K联想I roof n. KC2顶部，屋顶distract/dFstraekt/分散(注意力)；使分心distracted adj.注意力分散的，思想不集中的perceive/pesi:v/
42、 .发觉；看待；理解distinguish/dFstIrgwIJ7 vi.& 5区分；区分distinguish between A and B 区分 A 与 Bdistinguish.from.与区分开distinguished adj.卓越的，杰出的,著名的anxiety/aerjzalati/. KC, U2 焦虑；担忧；害怕chest/tfest/孔.KC1胸部；胸膛wear”流露；面带，呈现（某种神态） embarrassed/Imbaerest/ adj.难堪的；尴尬的K比拟I embarrassing 力.使人尴尬的;令人为难的 ashamed/o felmd/ adj差愧；惭愧
43、merely/mlali/ado.只是；仅仅；只不过botheMbDda（r）/况费心;麻烦；因操心n. KU麻烦;不便 weep/wi:p/ vi.& .（wept, wept）哭泣； 流泪 at work有某种影响；在工作 conflict/konfllkt/ n. KC, UH&oi.矛盾；冲突 inquire/InkwaIa（r）/（ = enquire） ui& .询问；打听 inquiry/In,kwaIari/（ = enquiry） n. KCl 询问，打听 ultimately/Altlmetli/ adv.最终；最后K 近义 I finally/eventually adv
44、.终于，最终 adjust/ad3Ast/ .调整;调节；vi.& ,适应;（使）习惯 intervene/Jntavim/ 况.干预； 介入K构词法R前缀inter表示“在之间；从此到彼；相互”。请体会： intemational（国际的）；interpersonal 人际的）；interview（面试； 采访）; intercontinental（洲 际 的）；interconnect（相 互 连接）；interdependence（互相依靠） react/rlaekt/。”对）起反响；回应；（对食物等）有不良反响（常与介词to连 用）reaction n. KC, U2 反响，回应 co
45、mponent/kampaonant/ n. KCU 组成局部；零件原文呈现HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS?As an educator, people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds ofliivstudents K13. Many students are quite shy and dont speak all that2 much.At the same time，in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have m
46、any oneon one5 conversations with each person.So, how can I really know what makes each student tick 4 7Kl 3 how在此引导宾语从句；在该从句中又包含一个what引导的宾语从句。My answer? I look at their body language.It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson.Most tend to look up and make eye contact.When I ma
47、ke a joke, they smile.When I talk about something difficult, they look confused.! know when students are really interested, however, because they lean forward and look at me.People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered( to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.If two friends