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1、新概念第一册1-2课文详解及英语语法 课文详注 Further notes on the text1Excuse me 对不起。这是常用于表示抱歉客套话，相当于汉语中“劳驾、“对不起。当我们要引起别人注意、要打搅别人或打断别人话时，通常都可使用这一表达方式。在课文中，男士为了吸引女士注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在以下场合：向陌生人问路，借用他人 ，从别人身边挤过，在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。2Yes？什么事？课文中 Yes？应用升调朗读，意为：“什么事？Yes？以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，也含有请对方说下去意思。3Pardon？对不起，请再说一遍。当我们没听清或没理解对方话并希望
2、对方能重复一遍时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式说法是：I beg your pardon. I beg your pardon Pardon me.它们在汉语中意思相当于“对不起，请再说一遍或者“对不起，请再说一遍好吗？4Thank you very much非常感谢！这是一句表示感谢用语，意为“非常感谢你。请看以下类似表达式，并注意其语气上差异：Thank you. 谢谢你。 Thanks! 谢谢！5数字110英文写法1one 2two 3three 4four 5five6six 7seven 8eight 9nine 10ten语法 Grammar in use 一般疑问句一般疑问句
3、根据其构造又分为假设干种。通过主谓倒装可将带有be陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将be适当形式移到主语之前，如：陈述句：This is your watch. 这是你手表。疑问句：Is this your watch 这是你手表吗？可参见 Lessons 1516语法局部有关 be一般现在时形式说明。词汇学习 Word study 1coat n. 上衣，外套： Is this your coat 这是你外套吗？coat and skirt上衣、裙子匹配西式女套装2dress n.1连衣裙；套裙： Is this your dress 这是你连衣裙吗？2服装；衣服： casual dress 便服；
4、 evening dress 晚礼服新概念第一册3-4课文详解及英语语法课文详注 Further notes on the text 1My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我大衣和伞拿给我。这是一个省略形式祈使句，完整句子应为：Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.口语中，在语境明确情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语，如：(Show me your) Ticket, please. 请出示你票。(Show me your)Passport, please. 请出示您护照。2Heres your umbrella and yo
5、ur coat. 这是您伞和大衣。Heres 是 Here is缩略形式。全句原为：Here is your umbrella and your coat缩略形式和非缩略形式在英语书面用语和口语中均有，但非缩略形式常用于比拟正式场合。Heres是一种习惯用法，句中采用了倒装句式，即系动词提到了主语之前。又如 Here is my ticket 这句话用正常语序时为 My ticket is here。3Sorry = Im sorry。这是口语中缩略形式，通常在社交场合中用于表示对他人歉意或某种程度遗憾。Sorry 和 Excuse me 虽在汉语中都可作“对不起讲，但 sorry 常用于对自
6、己所犯过失表示抱歉，而 Excuse me 那么多为表示轻微歉意客套语。4Sir，先生。这是英语中对不相识男子、年长者或上级尊称。例如：在效劳行业中，效劳员对男顾客称呼通常为 sir：What can I do for you, sir 先生，您要买什么？Thank you, sir. 谢谢您，先生。sir 通常用于正式信函开头称呼中：Dear sir 亲爱先生Dear sirs 亲爱先生们诸位先生们Sir可用于有爵士称号者名字或姓名之前但不用于姓氏之前：Sir Winston Churchill 温斯顿丘吉尔爵士Sir William Brown 威廉布朗爵士5数字1115英文写法11ele
7、ven12twelve13thirteen 14fourteen15fifteen语法 Grammar in use 否认句否认陈述句与肯定陈述句相反，它表示“否认，并且含有一个如not 之类否认词。一个内含be否认形式陈述句，应在其后加 not，以构成否认句：肯定句：This is my umbrella. 这是我伞。否认句：This is not my umbrella. 这不是我伞。请再看课文中这两句话：针对一般疑问句否认简单答语是 No，its notit isnt。此处省略和非省略形式关系为：is not =isnt；it is = its。全句应为：No, it is not my
8、 umbrella. 不，它不是我伞。词汇学习 Word study1suit n.一套衣服：Is this your suit 这是你衣服吗？a mans suit 一套男装； a womans suit 一套女装2please：interjection表示有礼貌地请求对方请；烦劳：My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我大衣和伞拿给我。Please come in. 请进。新概念第一册5-6课文详解及练习答案 新概念第一册5-6课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Good morning早上好。英语中常见问候用句。
9、对此问候回应一般也是Good morning。根据一天中见面时间不同还可以说Good afternoon 下午好和 Good evening晚上好。有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声Hello。2This is Miss Sophie Dupont这位是索菲娅杜邦小姐。This is+姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用句式。课文中例子还有：Sophie, this is Hans. 索菲娅，这位是汉斯。And this is Naoko. 这位是直子。3Mr BlakeMiss Sophie Dupont，布莱克先生索菲娅杜邦 小姐。英语国家中人姓名通常由3局部组成，即：名+中间名+姓。在一般情况下，不
10、用中间名。在熟悉人中间，以名相称，而在正式场合中常用 Mr先生，Mrs太太，Miss小姐或Ms女士这些称呼再加上姓。Mr用于男士姓之前，不能单独使用，如课文中 MrBlake；而sir 一般单独使用，是对长者、上司或男顾客尊称，如：Sorry, sir. 对不起，先生。Miss 一般用于指未婚女子，不过有时在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用。4Nice to meet you很快乐见到你。用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方回应一般应为Nice to meet you，too我也很快乐见到你。人们在正式场合初次见面时常用：How do you do？相应答复也是：How do you do？这是一
11、句问候语，并非问话。5国籍与国家名称有别请不要将国家名称和与其对应国籍搞混。课文 French，German，Japanese，Korean以及Chinese都是表示国籍词。句中表示中国国籍词应为 Chinese 而不是 China。语法 Grammar in use 1特殊疑问句以疑问词 who，what，when，which，why，where，whose，how 等引导问句都叫特殊疑问句，也叫疑问词疑问句，有时还被称为 wh-问句wh-question。构造一般为：疑问词+助动词+主语+主动词等。作为疑问词what可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等。例如以下几个问句：What m
12、ake is this car 这辆小汽车是什么牌子？What nationality are you 你是哪国人？What is your job 你工作是干什么？What colour is it 它是什么颜色？What size is this skirt 这条裙子是多大号？2a 和 anSophie is a new student. 索菲娅是一名新学生。This is an umbrella. 这是一把雨伞。这两个句子中出现aan在英语中被称为不定冠词。a和an在意义上没有区别。用aan时，我们必须记住两条根本原那么：1aan有不确定意义即所说人、动物或东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知
13、道。2aan只能用于单数可数名词之前。此外还需注意a和an发音：a在平时讲话中发+音用于辅音不是辅音字母之前；an+(用于元音不仅仅是以元音字母a，e，i，o，u开头词之前。当我们把a或an用来说明字母表中字母时，便会一目了然：This is a BCDGJKPQRTUVWYZ这是一个 BCDGJKPQRTUVWYZ字母。This is an AEFHILMNOSX这是一个AEFHILMNOSX字母。词汇学习 Word study 1make n.产品牌子；类型，型号；式样：What make is your watch 你手表是什么牌子？Her dress is of Italian mak
14、e. 她连衣裙是意大利式。2English adj. 英国人；英格兰人；英国化：Is it an American car or an English car 它是美国车还是英国车？John is very English. 约翰生活行事非常英国化。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 6AAlice is a student. She isnt German. She is French.This is her car. It is a French car.Hans is a student. He isnt French.He is German. T
15、his is his car. It is a German car.B1 Is she a German student or a Japanese student She isnt a German student. Shes a Japanese student.2 Is this a German car or a French car It isnt a German car. Its a French car.3 Is he an Italian student or a German student He isnt an Italian student. Hes a German
16、 student.4 Is she an Italian student or a Chinese student She isnt an Italian student. She is a Chinese student.5 Is this an American car or an English car It isnt an American car. Its an English car.6 Is he a Japanese student or a Korean student He isnt a Japanese student. Hes a Korean student.7 Is
17、 this an English car or an Italian car It isnt an English car. Its an Italian car.8 Is he an English student or a Chinese student He isnt an English student. Hes a Chinese student.9 Is this a French car or a German car It isnt a French car. Its a German car.10 Is this a Chinese car or a Japanese car
18、It isnt a Chinese car. Its a Japanese car.11 Is this an English car or an American car It isnt an English car. Its an American car.12 Is this a Japanese car or a Korean car It isnt a Japanese car. Its a Korean car.新概念第一册7-8课文详解及练习答案 课文详注 Further notes on the text1My names = My name is。这是自我介绍时通常使用句型：
19、My name is后面加上自己姓名。有时也可用Im这一句型。2Are you French，too？你也是法国人吗？在英语中，too和either两个词都表示“也意思，然而too仅用于肯定句中，either 那么限于用在否认句中。too和either一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗号隔开。例如：Is Sophie Italian, too 索菲娅也是意大利人吗？Is Robert a keyboard operator, too 罗伯特也是电脑录入员吗？3What nationality are you？你是哪国人？此问句用来询问对方国籍。也可以问 Where are you from？或 W
20、here do you come from？4Whats your job？你是做什么工作？Whats =What is。询问对方从事何种职业时还可以说：What do you do？5Im an engineer我是工程师。Imaim=I am。口语中经常使用这种缩略形式。英语不定冠词有两个：a，an。在发音以元音音素开头词前面用an，在发音以辅音音素开头词前面用a。engineerenDNini+发音是以元音音素开头，所以前面要用an。可参见Lessons 56 中有关说明。6数字1620英文写法16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen 19nineteen20twen
21、ty语法 Grammar in use以疑问词what所引导特殊疑问句可参见 Lessons 56中有关说明。What？这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等：What nationality are you 你是哪国人？Whats your job 你是干什么？对于以上两个问句可如下答复：Im Swedish. 我是瑞典人。Im an air hostess. 我是一名空中小姐。现在不妨改用第3人称单数来进展类似问答：词汇学习 Word study1job n.1职业： Whats your job 你是做什么工作？2一件工作，活计： The whole job takes about 40 m
22、inutes. 整个工作大约需要四十分钟。3职责： Its your job to be on time. 准时是你应该做到事。2nurse1n护士；照料者：Is she a nurse or a housewife 她是护士还是家庭主妇？2v照料；照看：All her time goes into nursing her child. 她把全部时间都花于照看自己孩子上了。3v 养护；培养：nurse a young tree 养护树苗nurse an author of promise 培养有前途作家练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 8A1 My na
23、me is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.B1 Whats his job Is he a policeman Yes, he is.2 Whats her job Is she a policewoman Yes, she is.3 Whats his job Is he a taxi driver Yes, he is.4 Whats her job Is she an air ho
24、stess Yes, she is.5 Whats his job Is he a postman Yes, he is.6 Whats her job Is she a nurse Yes, she is.7 Whats his job Is he a mechanic Yes, he is.8 Whats his job Is he a hairdresser Yes, he is.9 Whats her job Is she a housewife Yes, she is.10 Whats his job Is he a milkman Yes, he is.新概念第一册9-10课文详解
25、及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1How are you today？你今天好吗？这是朋友或相识人之间见面时问对方身体情况应酬话，一般答复语为：Fine, thank you. 很好，谢谢。Im fine, thank you. 很好，谢谢。Im very well, thank you. 很好，谢谢。如问及对方先生或太太情况，可以说 How is Tony？或Hows Emma？等。相应答复可为 Hes fine，thanks 或 Shes very well，thankyou等。2And you？你好吗？是And how are you？简单说法。在
26、答复对方问候安康话之后反问时用。3数字21与22英文写法21twenty-one 22twenty-two语法 Grammar in use 1How？一些社交上用法 how 是一个表示“如何疑问词，可以用来引导一些用于社交场合套话：1用于询问安康状况或一般生活情况： How are you 你好吗？ How is Helen today 海伦今天好吗？ How have you been 你一向可好？2How do you do？你好吗？是正式介绍中一句套话，从不用来询问安康：3how 经常用在询问目前状况疑问句里，如：Hows life 生活如何？ How are things 情况怎样？
27、 Hows work 工作怎么样？2形容词意义与作用1形容词修饰名词所指人、物等。我们用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样。例如，形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温度、外形、颜色、产地。 2许多形容词可用以答复 Whatlike？这样问题，并可根据上下文给出笼统或确切信息。3英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前，如：a young nurse 一位年轻护士; an old mechanic 一位老机械师a lazy housewife 一个懒惰家庭主妇; a thin woman 一个瘦瘦女人词汇学习 Word study 1look v.1看，瞧，观，望：Look at that m
28、an. Is he thin 瞧那个男人。他瘦吗？Look carefully before you cross the street. 过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。2面向，朝向： The room looks on the sea. 房间面向大海。 Two windows look to the south. 两扇窗子朝南。 2fine adj.1安康；舒适： How is Steven today 史蒂文今天怎么样？2极好，优秀： a fine view 美好风光 a fine teacher 一位优秀教师3优雅，雅致： He is a man with fine manners. 他是一
29、个举止优雅男人。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 10A1 Mr. Blake isnt a student. Hes a teacher.2 This isnt my umbrella. Its your umbrella.3 Sophie isnt a teacher. Shes a keyboard operator.4 Steven isnt cold. Hes hot.5 Naoko isnt Chinese. Shes Japanese.6 This isnt a German car. Its a Swedish car.B1 Look a
30、t that man. Hes very fat.2 Look at that woman. Shes very thin.3 Look at that policeman. Hes very tall.4 Look at that policewoman. Shes very short.5 Look at that mechanic. Hes very dirty.6 Look at that nurse. Shes very clean.7 Look at Steven. Hes very hot.8 Look at Emma. Shes very cold.9 Look at that
31、 milkman. Hes very old.10 Look at that air hostess. Shes very young.11 Look at that hairdresser. Hes very busy.12 Look at that housewife. Shes very lazy.新概念第一册11-12 课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Whose shirt is that？那是谁衬衫？ 这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。2Yes，sir？什么事，先生？ 请参见 Lessons 12课文详注以及 Lessons 34课文详注。
32、3Here you are给你。是给对方东西时习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时，往往用这种表达方式。也可以说：Here it is指单数物或 Here they are指复数物。句中are和is一般应重读。4非省略形式和省略形式之间关系： it is not = it isnt = its not。5数字30英文写法： 30 thirty语法 Grammar in use 1以疑问词 whose 引导特殊疑问句1用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且期望得到答复是某人名字加-s形式如 Tims蒂姆，或者是一个所有格代词如 mine我。2这时 whose 也可在句子中
33、作表语，如：3当所有关系中指是某件东西或某种物质时，whose后面名词可以省略：2所有格形容词和所有格代词1所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有，即某人或某物属于某一个人，答复以whose引导问句。所有格形容词my，your等是限定词，必须始终放在名词之前，只能作定语。它们形式取决于所有者，而不是被拥有东西。所有格代词mine，yours等不能用在名词前，并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人或物，单数或复数都一样。请见下表：This is my car. 这是我汽车。定语That is her coat. 这是她上衣。定语Your car is red，mine is blue. 你车是红色，我是蓝
34、色。主语This book is his，not yours. 这本书是他，不是你。表语I have my way, and she has hers. 我有我处事方式，她有她。宾语2名词所有格是在词尾加-s构成，不仅可作定语，还可作表语：Is this Daves shirt 这是戴夫衬衫吗？作定语Whose is that shirt Is it your daughters 那条裙子是谁？是你女儿吗？作表语练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 12A1 Stella is here. That is her car.2 Excuse me, Steve
35、n. Is this your umbrella3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.B1 Whose is this handbag Its Stella s. Its her handbag.2 Whose is this car Its Pauls. Its his car.3 Whose is this coat Its Sophie s. Its her coat.4 Whose is this umbrella Its Stevens. Its his umbrel
36、la.5 Whose is this pen Its my daughters. Its her pen.6 Whose is this dress Its my sons. Its his dress.7 Whose is this suit Its my fathers. Its his suit.8 Whose is this skirt Its my mothers. Its her skirt.9 Whose is this blouse Its my sisters. Its her blouse.10 Whose is this tie Its my brothers. Its
37、his tie.11 Whose is this pen Its Sophies. Its her pen.12 Whose is this pencil Its Hans. Its his pencil.词汇学习 Word study1perhaps adv. 或许，大概，可能： Perhaps it is, sir. 也许是，先生。 Perhaps it will rain. 也许要下雨了。Perhaps its Sophies handbag. 也许这是索菲娅手提包。2catch v.1接住，拦住： Catch!接着！2逮住，捕捉： catch a thief 捉住一个贼3染上疾病：ca
38、tch a cold 伤风 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。新概念第一册13-14 课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text1Its the same colour一样颜色。same 通常与定冠词the连用，表示“同一、“一样：two boys of the same age 两个同龄男孩子We live in the same city. 我们住在同一个城市里。2That is a lovely hat！真是一顶得意帽子！句末用是赞叹号，表现出较强感情色彩。句中 is 用斜体，是为了强调，应重读。3数字 40，50，60
39、，70，80，90，100，101英文写法：40forty 50fifty 60sixty 70seventy 80eighty 90ninety 100a hundred 101a hundred and one语法 Grammar in use 1what colours引导非凡疑问句 可参见 Lessons 56语法中有关非凡疑问句说明。以疑问词 what引导 What colour？和 What colours？类型非凡疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如：What colour is Annas hat 安娜帽子是什么颜色？What colours Helens dog 海伦豿是什么颜色？Wh
40、at colours your shirt 你衬衣是什么颜色？What colour is it 它是什么颜色？2祈使句1祈使句主语通常不直接表示出来，其谓语动词用原型。祈使句用来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱等。如： Follow me. 跟我来。 Shut the door, please. 请关门。 Look out! 留神！ Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地！ Help yourself. 请自己动手。2某些祈使动词可以后跟and和另一个祈使动词，而不是后跟人们预料带to动词不定式构造：Come and see this goldfish. 来看这条金鱼。不用 Come
41、 to seeGo and buy yourself a new pair of shoes. 去给自己买双新鞋吧。不用 Go to buyWait and see. 等着瞧吧。不用 Wait to see词汇学习 Word study1nice adj.1美好，好看：Its a nice day today, isnt it 今天天气真好，不是吗？Thats a nice dress. 那件连衣裙真好看。2和蔼，友好：He is very nice to his neighbours. 他对邻居很友善。3使人兴奋，令人愉快：It is so nice to have you here. 你能
42、在这儿真是太好了。Have a nice time! 祝你玩得愉快点！2smart adj.1漂亮，时髦，巧妙：Annas hat is smart. 安娜帽子漂亮而别致。You look smart in that new dress. 你穿那件新连衣裙看上去时髦而潇洒。2聪明，伶俐，精明：She is a smart student. 她是一名聪颖学生。He is a smart businessman. 他是一位精明商人。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 14A1 This is Pauls car.2 This is Sophies coat.3
43、 This is Helens dog.4 This is my fathers suit.5 This is my daughters dress.B1 What colours Stevens car His cars blue.2 What colours Tims shirt His shirts white.3 What colours Sophie s coat Her coats grey.4 What colours Mrs. Whites carpet Her carpets red.5 What colours Daves tie His ties orange.6 What colours Stevens hat His hat is grey and black.7 What colours Helens dog Her dog