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1、中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练10001 A阅读理解越来越多的青少年感到孤独002 B阅读理解想提高阅读能力？你可能只需要更多“间距”003 C阅读理解科学家通过测试空气中的DNA来识别动物004D任务型阅读北京开创学生体育考试新模式005 E完形填空应急救援人肖文儒获得“时代楷模”称号006F短文填空小鸭们在妈妈身后游成一排之谜A阅读理解主题：越来越多的青少年感到孤独Lonely? Youre hardly alone, Since COVTD-19 came, people of all ages have struggled （斗争）with this. Few teens ha
2、ve been able to spend as much time at school or with friends as they used to.* But even before the pandemic, loneliness was becoming a growing problem for teens-especially girls. Thats the finding of a new study.Take the United States. There, the share of lonely teens jumped from 18 percent in 2012
3、to 37 percent in 2018. Overall, during those years, the share of girls reporting loneliness basically doubled in the countries studied. The inciease in boys was somewhat smaller.The new study linked （联系）rising loneliness to a greater use of smartphones and the Internet over the same years.Jean Tweng
4、e and her team shared their new findings in the July 20 Journal of Adolescence. A psychologist （心 理学家）,Twenge works at San Diego State University in California. Since 2012, US teens have been spending less time together face-to-face, her team has found. So this increase in loneliness started long be
5、fore a pandemic made such meetups unsafe.学生，其中32人有诵读困难，27人没有。3. D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，令科学家惊讶的是，宽间距的字母甚至对没有诵读困难的孩子 也有帮助。4. D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了加大字母之间的间距可以帮助人们读得更快，而且能获得 更好的理解。难句分析Although it may take some time for techniques like these to become widely used, people are trying to get tech companies to mak
6、e changes that should ease reading,虽然这样的技术被广泛应用还需要一些时间，但人们正 试图让科技公司做出改变，使阅读变得容易。although引导让步状语从句，主句中that should ease reading为定语从句，修饰先行词changesUke these 意为“像这样的（技术），like此处为介词,表示“像一样”;ease为动词，意为“使容易”。C阅读理解科学家们通过测试空气中的DNA来追踪并搜寻那些很难找到的动物，包括濒危动物。两组来自不同国 家的科研人员做出了令人振奋的研究。1. B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，科学家们想出了一种新方法来
7、识别一个地区的动物，即测试空 气中的DNA。2. D词义猜想题。根据前三段可推断出，两组科研人员在两个动物园收集样本用于实验研究，因此samples 意为“样本工D推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，丹麦和英国的研究人员分别鉴定了 49种和25种不同的动物， 合起来是74种，因此D正确。3. A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，科学家们选择在动物园里进行试验是因为动物园拥有一些 在该地区的自然界所没有的珍稀动物。4. A主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了科研人员通过空气中的DNA来识别动物的实验。难句分析The researchers believe their new method could
8、help scientists keep track of animals that are hard to find, including endangered animals.研究人员相信，他们的 新方法可以帮助科学家追踪难以找到的动物，包括濒危 动物。该句中 their new method could help scientists keep track of animals 为省略了 that 的宾语从句，作 believe的宾语；help sb do sth意为“帮助某人做某事；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词animals。D任务型阅读2021年12月9日，北京市义务教育体育与健
9、康考核评价方案正式公布。新的体育考试模式增加了过 程性考核积累，带动和催促孩子从小坚持锻炼。与以往相比，考试工程的增加让孩子们有了更多项选择择，使 他们能够尽可能选择自己比拟擅长、感兴趣的工程，大大增加了拿高分、拿总分值的概率。1 . teach and test PE 根据第段的 a new system of teaching and testing PE(physical education)was pioneered in Beijing 可知，把介宾短语 of teaching and testing PE (physical education)改为动词不定 式形式 to teac
10、h and test PEo. the fall term of 2021根据第二段第一句可知，从2021年的秋季学期开始北京市对七年级学生实施了新的 体育教学与考试模式。2 .To encourage children to start physical exercise at an earlier age and do it on a regular basis. 根据第 三段第 句可知，教育部将增加更多的过程性考核，是为了鼓励孩子们从更早的年龄开始，并定期进行体育锻炼。3 .22 (sports).根据第四段第一句可知，在体育考试改革方案中，学生是从22个工程中选择4个工程参加 体育考试
11、。5.赵星是两个学龄孩子的母亲，她很高兴游泳被选入了工程，因为她5岁的儿子热爱这项运动，并且能在 体育期末考试中取得好成绩。难句分析In December, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission announced changes to physical education, which would be put into use during all nine years of compulsory school education in the end. 12 月,二I匕京市 教委宣布 了对体育教育的改革，这一改革最终将在九年义务教育中实施。
12、In December作时间状语；to physical education作后置定语，修饰changes； which引导非限制性定语 从句，修饰先行词changesoE完形填空在从事应急救援工作的38年时间里，肖文儒领导、参加了 700屡次救援，约1000人获救。2021年11 月3日，中共中央宣传部授予肖文儒同志“时代楷模”称号。1. B根据下文举例可知，救援行动充满了危险。此外，根据最后一段第一句也可知，此处为danger。2. A根据下文引号中的内容可知，在一次救援中，肖文儒被困在煤矿爆炸中。catch意为“拦住；截住”， 过去分词形式为caughtoD根据下文可知，肖文儒被困之后，
13、立即采取行动灭火，没有畏惧或害怕。fear意为“害怕”，符合语境。3. C上文说煤矿中氧气含量有限，由此可知，这是灭火的有利条件。condition意为“条件。符合语境。4. C队友的牺牲让肖文儒意识到工作的风险。此外，根据下一段最后一句中的the high risk也可知此处为 risks oB根据下一段第一句可知，过去肖文儒确实考虑过离开这个岗位，由此推断，此处表示：肖文儒的母亲 因为他的工作风险太高，要求他离开这个队伍，所以选leave。5. D下文提及一个80多岁的老太太在他面前跪下，感谢他救了她儿子。这样的场面让肖文儒感动不已， 他无法舍弃这份工作。因此，此处指他参与到另一次难忘的救
14、援任务。join in意为“参加。另外，根据第二 段第一句可知，此处应为join。6. B as soon as.意为“就此处表示：肖文儒一从煤矿火灾中出来，一位80多岁的老太太就跪下致 谢。come out意为“出现；出来”，符合语境。7. D上一段提到老人跪下致谢，由此推断，此时肖文儒被她的行为感动了。touched意为“受感动的。符 合语境。8. A句意：尽管肖文儒现在年龄大了，工作仍然危险，但他不会因为继续奋战在救援一线而感到害怕。 be shy about doing sth意为“害怕做某事；对做某事心怀顾忌，符合语境。难句分析In the past 38 years, Xiao W
15、enru has led or taken part in over 700 rescues, from which about 1,000 people were saved.在过去的38年里，肖文儒领导、参加了 700屡次救援，约1000人获救。from which about 1,000 people were saved为“介 词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 rescues.F短文填空小鸭们排成队在水中游是有科学依据的。它们会在鸭妈妈身后排成一队是因为可以借着波浪节省自身 的能量，从而可以更容易在水面上游。1. their此处指鸭宝宝们的妈妈，mother是名词，应
16、用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填their。2. babies根据空格后的谓语动词take及代词their可知，该空为名词，应用复数，故填baby的复数形式babiesoknown上文提到节省能量，根据转折连词but可知，此处与上文形成反差，表示：它们是如何节省能量 的还不得而知。系动词后跟过去分词表被动，故填known。3. works根据语境可知，此处应选用work；由于该研究员工作在思克莱德大学是事实，所以用一般现在时； 因主语是单数，故填works。4. an此处考查短语have a swim,因swim前有easier修饰，且easier是以元音音素开头的单词，故填冠词 ano5. th
17、is前面提到波浪阻力，那么肯定是波浪阻力阻止小鸭前行，故用指示代词this指代前面的wave drag。6. But根据下文的opposite相反的”和该段最后一句话“小鸭们感觉到的是推力而不是阻力”可知.该句与上 句之间是转折关系，故填But。7. with根据句子结构可知，谓语share和宾语one another之间缺少介词。share with与一起提供”。8. harder句意：如果它们落伍了，游动就会变得更费力。应用形容词比拟级，故填harder。9. slowly修饰谓语动词swim应用副词,故填slowly。难句分析Thats fair punishment for duckl
18、ings that swim slowly behind,这是对在后面慢慢游动的小鸭的公平惩罚。that swim slowly behind是定语从句，that为引导词，且在从句中作主语，该从句修饰先行词ducklingSoSmartphones can help us keep in touch with fhendsj says Twenge/But they can also make people feel excluded （被排斥）.“Girls, especially, may feel this way. One reason may be that they like to
19、 post more photos than boys. Studies have shown that if those photos dont get a lot of6 likes ”, it can affect （影响） a teen s mental health.The data for the new study comes from a survey called the Program me for International Student Assessment （PISA）. Some 1 million 15- and 16-year-old students fro
20、m 37 countries took this survey in 2000,2003,2012,2015 and 2O18.The questions were mainly about education. But they also included six statements （表述）about loneliness, such as, “I feel terrible and out of place in my school.Students could strongly disagree, disagree, agree or strongly agree with each
21、 statement.The good news: Even in 2018,most teens around the world still felt liked and included at school. But in fact, more and more people report that loneliness is worrying.1 Whats the Chinese meaning of the underlined word increase* in Paragraph 2?A.降低B.增长C.加速D.减慢Why do most teenagers feel lone
22、ly, according to the study?A. Because they like spending more time together face-to-face.B. Because they think meeting together is unsafe during the pandemic.C. Because they spend more time on their smartphones and the Internet.D. Because they like to post more photos on their smartphones and the In
23、ternet.3 Where did the researchers get the data for the new study?A. From a report shared in a journal in 2012.B. From an interview made in recent five years.C. From a survey containing some statements about loneliness.D. From the news reported in 2018 about teens around the world.4 What is the writ
24、er7 s purpose （目的）to write this passage?A. To let people know more about loneliness.B. To ask people to know better about their children.C. To advise people to pay more attention to teens1 mental health.D. To tell people not to ask their children to use smariphones and the InternetB阅读理解主题：想提高阅读能力？你可
25、能只需要更多“间距”Have you ever tried to pick out the face of a friend in a group photo? Sometimes it is hard, especially when everyone crowds together. It can also be hard to read a passage of text when the letters are too close together. In fact, a new study shows that spacing the letters farther apart ca
26、n help anyone read faster, and probably with better understanding.Dyslexia（诵读困难）is a common reading disorder （障碍）.Past research had shown that crowded text was especially difficult for people with dyslexia to read. So researchers at Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge, England, wanted to see how m
27、uch help an increase in the spacing between letters would provide.Steven Stagg*s team found 59 students between 11 and 15 years old: 32 had dyslexia and 27 did not. While the researchers recorded them, each student read two passages out loud. One passage was in its original format （原 先的 版式）.In the o
28、ther, there was an increase of 2.5 points in the spacing between the letters. Kids with dyslexia read the wider-spaced text 13 percent faster than the text with original spacing. These kids also made fewer mistakes. Students without dyslexia read faster, too, although only by 5 percent.What did surp
29、rise this scientist was that wider-spaced letters helped even kids without dyslexia. This is very good news. It means teachers and publishers can print material with extra （额夕卜的）spacing between letters knowing it will help everyone, Readers with dyslexia wont feel unhappy with having to use special
30、reading material.Certain text-writing and document-processing （文件处理）software can easily add extra spacing between letters. Web designers can add space to the text on their pages, too. Although it may take some time for techniques （技术）like these to become widely used, people are trying to get tech co
31、mpanies to make changes that should ease reading. This could even be personalized. Stagg is optimistic that wider spacing between letters will catch on 1 What is TRUE about the past research?A. Crowded text was easy for people to read.B. Dyslexia was very common among students.C. An increase in the
32、spacing usually provided no help.D. Crowded text was very hard for people with dyslexia to read.2 How many students had dyslexia in the research of Steven Staggs team?A.15.B.27.C.32.D.59.3 What can we learn from the passage?A. Students with dyslexia can easily use certain software to read.B. Readers
33、 without dyslexia feel happy to use special reading material.C. Kids with dyslexia read the wider-spaced text slower than the original text.D. The result shows that wider-spaced letters also help kids without dyslexia.4 Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Stagg is optimistic that wider spacing wil
34、l help students a lot.B. Computers can print material with extra spacing between letters.C. Companies found that making changes between letters could ease reading.D. Spacing the letters farther apart could help us read faster and betterC阅读理解主题：科学家通过测试空气中的DNA来识别动物Scientists have come up with a new wa
35、y of identifying （识另） animals in an area by testing DNA breathed out into the air. The researchers believe their new method could help scientists keep track （踪迹）of animals that are hard to find, including endangered animals.Two teams of scientists-one in Denmark and one in the United Kingdom （UK）cam
36、e up with the same question at about the same time: Could they identify the animals in an area from DNA that was simply floating （飘 浮）in the air?Testing for eDNA isnt a new idea, but most of the time scientists looked for eDNA in the water. DNA in the air is usually so small that it would need a mic
37、roscope （显 微镜）to see it. The scientists didn t have high hopes for their experiment （试验）. “We did not think that collecting animal DNA from the air would work,“ said Dr Kristine Bohmann.Neither team knew that the other group was working on a similar experiment. One collected samples from different l
38、ocations at Denmarks Copenhagen Zoo, and the other at Hamerton Zoo Park in the UK. However, both teams collected little pieces of DNA onto extremely high-quality filters （过滤言称）.In the laboratory （实验室）,they got the DNA from the filters and made copies of it to study. By comparing their samples with e
39、xamples of DNA from different animals, the scientists were able to identify many different animals at the zoos. The researchers in Denmark and in the UK identified 49 and 25 different kinds of animals separately （分别地）.The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had rare （稀有的）animals not natura
40、lly found in the area. As Dr Elizabeth Clare, who led the UK team said/ Theres no other way I would search DNA from a tiger, except for the zoos tiger.* But the researchers also researched some non-zoo animals, including humans, and a hedgehog thats endangered in the UK.Both teams are excited about
41、the ways this new method could be used in the wild. Scientists have been looking for better ways to track endangered animals without interfering （干扰） with them. If researchers know where animals live, they can do a better job of protecting them. The next step is to figure out how to take this method
42、 into nature J says Dr Bohmann.1 Where did the scientists collect animals DNA in this passage?A. In the water.B. In the air.C. On animals skin. D. In animals* brain.2 Whafs the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “samples in Paragraph 4?A.技术B.实验C.团队D.样本Which of the following is TRUE according to
43、the passage?A. Collecting DNA from air is easier than looking for DNA in the water.B. The scientists are from Copenhagen Zoo and Hamerton Zoo Park.C. Using the new method to protect endangered animals in nature will not work.D. The scientists in Denmark and in the UK identify 74 kinds of animals.4 W
44、hy did the scientists test the new method in zoos?A. Because they could find rare animals in zoos much easily.B. Because it was cheaper for them to do experiments in zoos.C. Because they didnt want to interrupt animals in nature.D. Because it was easier for them to make copies of DNA to study.5 Whaf
45、s the best title for the passage?A. Scientists identify animals by DNA in the airScientists identify animals by DNA in ZOOSB. Scientists use different methods to protect animalsScientists research endangered animals in natureD任务型阅读主题：北京开创学生体育考试新模式As awareness （意识）about children s health increases in
46、 China, a new system of teaching and testing PE （physical education） was pioneered （开 仓U） in Beijing.From the fall term of 2021, seventh grade students became the first group of students in Beijing to take part in the new system for middle school students. In December, the Beijing Municipal Educatio
47、n Commission announced changes to physical education, which would be put into use during all nine years of compulsory （义务的）school education in the end.Education authorities would add more progress assessments （过程 评价）for PE courses to encourage children to start physical exercise at an earlier age an
48、d do it on a regular basis （定期土也）.Li Yi, a speaker choose during their final tests. After the adjustments （调整），it will be easier for students to get higher or even full grades during their PE tests.”According to the new assessment rules, the junior middle students would be able to choose four sports for their PE exams from a list of 22 sports including running, jump rope, standing long jump, table tennis, badminton, swimming and so on. The goal is to bring physical education into the whole process of a students development when they go to pr