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1、. . 分词分词作宾语补足语。1现在分词和过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。在 5 看 （look at, see, watch, notice, observe） ； 3 使 （make, let, have） ； 2听 （listen to, hear） ； 1 感觉 （ fell） 。 ，此外 find, catch, keep, have .I heard a girl crying next door. I heard someone knocking at the door. He kept me waiting for a long time. I saw Tom entering t
2、he room. I found my key lost. I found the boy beaten black and blue. He made himself understood. John will get his room painted. Exercises1:1) I heard my name _ ( call). 2) His voice was too low to make himself _(hear) . 3) We found the eggs_( eat) by the snake. 4) Youd better have/get your hair _ (
3、 cut). 5) I had my left arm_(break) yesterday. ExercisesII:141. She was glad to see her child well _. A. take care of B. taken care of C. taken care D. taking care of 142. Why do you stand and watch the milk _. A. boiling B. boiled C. from boiling D. having been boiled 143. I ve heard him _ about yo
4、u often. A. spokeB. speaking C. speak D. to speak 144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _. A. speaking B. spoken C. speak D. being spoken 145. Walking along the river, we heard someone _ for help. A. shouting B. shout C. shouted D. having shouted 146. I held the lit
5、tle bird in my hand and felt its heart _. A. jumping B. beating C. bumping D. knocking 147. -“ Do you smell anything unusual?” -“Yes. I can smell something _.”A. burning B. is burning C. having burnt D. burn 148. Why do you have the water _ all the time? A. ran B. to be running C. running D. being r
6、unning 149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth _. A. filling B. having been filled C. filled D. full 150. I can t _ you running up and down all day long. A. permitB. let C. have D. allow 151. Is there anything you want from town? I m going to get _.A. those letters mailed B. mai
7、led letters C. to mailed those letters D. those letters mail 152. The teacher got the students _ all the words they didnt know.A. looked up B. looking in C. to look up D. look at 153. What did the school master want _ to the noisy children? A. doing B. to do C. done D. did 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - -
8、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - . . 154. They wanted the work _with great care. A. to have done B. to be done C. doing D. to do 155. I need this chapter _ before tomorrow. A. rewriting B. rewritten C. rewrite D. to write again 156. Having read the E
9、mperor s New Clothes, we all found it _.A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. to interest 157. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _. A. to steal B. losing C. missed D. stolen 158. My hometown is found _. A. complete changing B. having completely changed C. complete
10、ly change D.completely changed 159. We found many people _ in the meeting room. A. seat B. seating C. to seat D. seated 160. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _. A. being heard B. heard C. hearing D. hear 161. Because of my poor English Im afraid I cant make myself _.A.
11、 understand B. be understood C. understood D. understanding 162. Don t let him _ you _ for a long time. A. to make, wait B. make, to wait C. make, wait D. to make, to wait 163. He kept me _ for many hours. A. to wait B. having been waited C. waiting D. waited 164. Mother caught the boy _in the corne
12、r. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being smoked 165. John left his coat _ on the sofa. A. laying B. lying C. laid D. lain 答案： 141-145 BACBA 146-150 BACCC 151-155 ACCBB 156-160 CDDDB 161-165 CCCCB 分词做状语主动被动1) 一般式writing being written 2) 完成式having written having been written 1. Feeling tired, Tom w
13、ent to bed early. 2. Not wanting to wake her, Steve left the house silently 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. Asked by my mother, I was eager to help her solve the snake problem. 5. Having been told many times, she still can t remember it. 6. Given more time, I can do it better 现在分词或分
14、词短语做状语时,也可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况等.其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致,有时 withwithout +名词或代词宾格+分词也可以表示伴随状况如: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间 ) The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. (方式) He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.(伴随 ) 分词作时间状语，如果先与主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用 ha
15、ving done。如 : Having answered the letter, she went on to listen to the radio. Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking . 注意 :如果是否定句 ,not 一般放在句首 ,如: 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - . . Not having receiv
16、ed his reply, he decided to write again. 分词做状语时有时可在其前面加上while、when 、if 、even if 、although 、once、 unless等连词 ,使用何种分词仍然取决于与主语的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词.如: While staying in Beijing , I visited some of my friends . Unless invited, I will not attend his party. Although working very hard, he couldnt satisfy h
17、is boss. 分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，一般来说,句子的主语应是分词的逻辑主语,不然 ,就会出现不一致的情况但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。如误: Hearing the news, tears came to her eyes. 正 : Hearing the news, she burst into tears. 正 : When she heard the news, tears came to her eyes Her grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home lookin
18、g after him. 例如： _ her mother had come, her face lit up. A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. When she heard 答案当句子主语不能充当分词的逻辑主语时，应用独立主格结构或状语从句不过 ,英语中也有一些分词,其逻辑主语不是句子的主语,它们已变成固定词组,表示说话人对所说的话的一种态度。如: Strictly speaking, his answer is wrong. Judging from / by his accent, he is from America. Tim
19、e permitting , I will pay a visit to my English teacher. Supposing (=Suppose) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? Considering the absence of the chairman, we decided to delay the meeting. Talking of Jim, have you heard that hes getting married? Exercises1. If you turn to the left, you will find the
20、 hotel. _, you fill find the hotel. 2. Because the report was written in a hurry, it has a lot of mistakes. _, the report has a lot of mistakes. 3. After she had washed the dishes, she put them in the dish dryer. _, she put them in the dish dryer. 4. As he didnt know where to go, he stayed home. _ ,
21、 he stayed home. 5. I was frightened by the loud noise. I went to see what was happening. _, I went to see what was happening. Fill in the blanks Eg. Followed by the teacher ,the students entered the classroom. Following the teacher ,the students entered the classroom. 1._ (see) from the mountain ,I
22、 can see my hometown. 2._ (see) from the mountain ,my hometown looks very beautiful. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - . . 3._ (look) at the questions in the test paper, I found them totally strange to me. 4._(know) her addre
23、ss, I am not able to contact her. 5._ (see) the film twice, I didn t want to go to the cinema. 6._ (follow) by her students, the English teacher came into the classroom. 7._(tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake. 1.过去分词作原因状语Greatly inspired by the teachers words,I have made up my mind
24、 to work to English even harder 。在老师的鼓励下，我决心更加努力地学习英语。Greatly moved by the film, they all cried. 他们看了那部电影深受感动，都哭了。Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. 身边围着一群年轻人，老人感到很高兴。2.过去分词作状语，表示伴随情况或方式。The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. 训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。He walked up and d
25、own the room, lost in thought. 他在屋子时走来走去，陷入了沉思。Filled with extraordinary strength, he raised himself. 他使出全身的力气站了起来。3.过去分词做条件状语Given much time, we could do it better. 多给点时间的话，我们会做得更好。4.过去分词做时间状语When heated, ice can be changed into water. 冰加热时变成水。过去分词表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作,本身有被动的含义,所以只有一般式,没有完成式 .值得注意的是，有些过去分
26、词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost （迷路）； seated （坐） ； hidden （躲）； stationed （驻扎）； lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）； born （出身于）； dressed in （穿着）； tired of （厌烦）。Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it. 出生于这个美丽的小镇，
27、他不愿离开它分词做定语1 ) The house built last year is very large. 2) The Olympic Games, first played (比赛 )in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. (NMET 1997) 3) The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (NMET 99) 4) The key to solving t
28、he problem is too meet the demand made by the customers. Exercises:1) I heard my name _ ( call). 2) His voice was too low to make himself _(hear) . 3) We found the eggs_( eat) by the snake. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - .
29、 . 4) Youd better have/get your hair _ ( cut). 5) I had my left arm_(break) yesterday. (79)1. Im going to have my radio _. A. fixed B. to fix C. fix D. fixing (80)2. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air_against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move (83)3. Wha
30、ts the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak (84)4. _ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by (85)5. This sentence needs_ A. an improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved (85)6. Theres a
31、 hole in your bag. l know. I am going to have it_. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended (86)7. He had his leg_ in the match yesterday. A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking (87)8. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviti
32、ng (89)41. Good morning. Can I help you? Id like to have this package_, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighedC. to weigh D. weighed (90)9. Most of the artists_ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited (90)44. _ more attention, the trees could
33、have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given (91)10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands_ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied (93)11. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C.
34、 having opened D. opened (94)12. The first textbooks_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written (96)13. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
35、(97)14. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 98)15. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay (2001)16. _ such heavy pollution already
36、, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 2002 上海 )17. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known (2002 上海 )18. _ to sunlight for too much
37、time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed (2002 春招 )19. Prices of daily goods_ through a computer can be lower than store prices. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - .
38、. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying (2002 上海春招 )20. When_, the museum will he open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed (2002 广东 )21. The research is so designed that once_ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun
39、 C. beginning D. begun (2003 全国 )22. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given (2003 上海 )23. Generally speaking, _ according to directions, the drug has no side-effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken (2003 上海 )24. T
40、here is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_ road conditions need_. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving 2003 上海春招 )25. Unless_ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. hav
41、ing invited (2003 上海春招 )26. Friendship is like money: easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept 27. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （04 上海）A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 28. The disc, digitally _ in the
42、 studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海）A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 29. When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （04 全国 II）A introducing B introduced C introduce D being introduced 30. It shames me to say it, but I told a li
43、e when_ at the meeting by my boss. （04 全国 IV ）A questioning B have questioned C questioned D to be questioned 31. Im going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything _ ? （04 上海春季）A. to be buying B. to buy C. for buying D. bought 32. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain
44、_as the plane was making a landing. （04 上海春季）A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 33. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. (05 北京卷 ) A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 动名词动名词有两种时态和语态1.一般式 (doing)：表示动名词中的动作与谓语动作同时或之后发生，或者没明确时间先后。典例： This p
45、ublic advert encourages people to participate in protecting animals. (主动 ) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - . . 这个公益广告鼓励人们参与保护动物。We have to prevent the air from being polluted. (被动) 我们必须阻止空气被污染。2.完成式 (having done)：表示动名词动作发生在
46、谓语动作之前。典例： I remember having read “Gone with the Wind” before. (主动 ) 我记得以前读过乱世佳人这本书。I remember having been taken to Beijing before. ( 被动 ) 我记得以前我被带到北京(去玩 )过。(二)动名词的否定结构，not doing ，not 前还可再加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。典例： He will be punished for not obeying the order. 他将由于不服从命令而受罚。 His not coming to school today
47、made his teacher very angry. 今天他没来上学，这使得老师非常生气。(三)动名词的复合结构：在动名词前加上形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，这种结构作宾语时，可用代词宾格代替形容词性物主代词，名词所有格可变成普通格(即省去 s) Can you imagine man living on the moon? 你能想象到人类在月球生活的情景吗？ (四)动名词的功能1.作主语动名词作主语，谓语单数记心里。动名词结构杂且长，常用it 来担当。典例： Using celebrities in advert can make new products sold well. 在广告中
48、使用名人可以使新产品销售良好。Improving the peoples living standards is the governments central duty. 提高人民生活是政府的中心任务。It s no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔没有用的。特别注意： no use, no good作补语时，后边也用动名词。2.作宾语巧记：下列各动词作宾语：情况都考虑，还是无兴趣；抵不住诱惑，忍不住、冒险、尝试、去逃避；却遭到禁止、许可和推迟，否定、介意提建议；最后头脑清醒时，承认任务没完成，做了一件大傻事。妙解：上述叙述中含有下列动词，可接动名词作宾语：con
49、sider, dislike, feel like, enjoy, appreciate, escape, avoid, resist(抵抗 ), cant help(禁不住 ), cant stand(忍不住 ), cant bear(忍不住 ), risk, forbid, allow, permit, delay( 耽搁 ), deny(否认), mind, suggest, admit( 承认 )。典例： I much appreciate your giving me the chance. 我非常感激你给我这次机会。He admitted having broken the win
50、dow. 他承认他打烂了玻璃窗。The thief escaped being caught by the police. 小偷逃脱了警察的抓捕。3.作表语巧记：动名作表特点，主语表语可互换。妙解：动名词作表语时，主语常是无生命的名词或what 引导的名词性从句，主语常可以与表语对换位置，但在进行时态中的现在分词不能与主语对换位置。典例： Any commercial purpose is creating wealth. 商业的目的就是创造财富。 What he likes most is playing computer games. 他最喜欢的事情是打电脑游戏。Her hobby is