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1、七必修第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage（限时60分钟）I.阅读理解A（2022湖北统考）Britains brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribe
2、d by its legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as my first love, my darling， it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1, 352ft-long toll （通彳亍费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The
3、history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-on-TeesA pedestrian（彳亍人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when ope
4、ned in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousa
5、nds of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, its a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the glass floor, and visit
6、the Victorian Engine Rooms.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the Industrial Revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron
7、 trade in Shropshire.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。英国有很多美丽的桥，它们促进贸易、联通城市、方便交 通，都是值得去旅游的好景点。文章介绍了其中四座桥。1. Which bridge has the longest history?A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.B. Infinity Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据文章对四座桥的历史介绍可知,Iron Bridge的历史可追溯到 1781年，是四座桥里面最古老的。故选D。2. What can we know about
8、 Infinity Bridge?A. It was originally meant for pedestrians.B. The public give it two names.C. Its well worth visiting at night.D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridges.【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据 Infinity Bridge, Stockton-on-Tees 部分的“It is particularly incredible at night.”可知，Infinity Bridge在夜晚显得特别壮观，因此晚上
9、参观它更让人感觉 震撼，值得夜晚去参观。故选CoWhat makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?A. It charges drivers for each passing.B. It offers walkers a good view at night.C. It was made from thousands of stones.D. Its a symbol of the Industrial Revolution.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据Clifton Suspen
10、sion Bridge, Bristol部分可知，从这座吊桥 上通过的每辆车的每次通行都需要交一英镑的过桥费，这笔钱被用于桥梁的维修，而其他三座桥没有提到收费。故选A。【词汇积累】tourist attractions 旅游景点in one飞own right凭某人本身的实力date back to追溯到B（2022.惠州模拟）When you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk-because the weight of your body pushes into the sand
11、. The same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of the vehicle creates a very shallow indentation （凹陷）in the pavement （路面）一and it makes it such that its continuously driving up a very shallow hill.Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at MIT, and his team modeled how much ene
12、rgy could be saved-and greenhouse gases avoided-by simply stiffening （硬化）the nations roads and highways. And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nations roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades-enough to offset half a perc
13、ent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context-that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 youd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground-or by growing seven billion trees-for a decade.The results are in the
14、Transportation Research Record.As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers or carbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt （沥青）.This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissio
15、ns without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, youre talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of peopleas opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our
16、 pavements. Thats just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting （翻新）our streets and highways-those agencies aue where the rubber meets the road.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了麻省理工学院的可持续性科学家杰里米格雷戈里和 他的团队利用“在不够坚硬的路面上行走会消耗更多的能量”这一规律发现了通过简单地硬化
17、路面就可以减少温室气体的排放。3. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach in Paragraph 1?A. To present a fact.B. To make a contrast.C. To explain a rule.D. To share an experience.【解析】选Co推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段内容可知，第一段提到“当你在沙滩上行 走时，会比在人行道上大步行走要消耗更多的能量”就是为了解释一个规律在不够坚硬 的路面上行走或行驶会消耗更多的能量或能源，故选c0What suggestion does
18、 the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?A. Hardening the road.B. Keeping oil in the ground.C. Growing trees for decades.D. Improving the transportation.【解析】选 Ao 细节理解题。根据第二段“and greenhouse gases avoided-by simply stiffening the nations roads and highways”可知，作者建议通过硬化路面来减少二氧化碳等温室气体的排放, 故选A。4. What is
19、the advantage of stiffening roads?A. Gaining more support.B. Consuming less money.C. Involving more people.D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，硬化路面这个建议的好处是面对更少的常 见障碍，故选DoWhat does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?A. Those agencies are likely to make more rules.B. Thos
20、e agencies will change some related policies.C. Those agencies might put more rubber tires on the roads.D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.【解析】选Do句意猜测题。最后一段提到了“成千上万在运输部门工作的人”和“翻新街道和 公路”，此处承接上文，是说这些道路维护部门对“通过硬化路面来减少温室气体的排放”这一 计划所起的作用，即：这些部门将在实现这一目标方面发挥关键作用，故选D。教师专用4【词汇积累】be
21、equivalent to 与相等【熟词生义】shave: v.剃（须发）;（尤指话脸生义:“（少量地哨U减，调低，降价model: n.模型；模特；范例生义:乂将做成模型；复制;（向顾客）穿戴展示n.阅读填句（2022.哈尔滨模拟）Urban WildlifeCities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wild, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what
22、it is like for other species to have human neighbors.Cities are built for humans. 1 For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or flowers, we destroy natural habitats.2 When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers adde
23、d small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. 3 Now, they have come to value their winged neighbors. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.There are also structures built
24、with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. 4If we learn
25、 to share our space, we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us. 5 Our own future will be endangered too.A. They are built to protect birds.B. Our actions sometimes help other species.C. If we do not, more species will become extinct.D. They do not always provide suitable habitats for
26、wildlife.E. Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.F. At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.G. They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与环境，文章介绍了作者关于人类城市与野生动 物关系的思考。1 .【解析】选Do由空格前说Cities are built f
27、or humans以及空格后For example举例可知，城 市并不总是为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。2 .【解析】选B。此处设空在段首，考虑到段首句的作用，往往为主题句；根据后面提供的内 容可知，我们人类的行为有时是可以帮助到野生动物的。3 .【解析】选Fo根据空后句的时间标志词可以判断设空处句子与后文内容存在叙述上和时 间节点上的对照关系，故选F。4 .【解析】选Eo根据空格位置关系可知，其填写内容一定与空前句存在话题一致、内容上的承接关系，故选民5 .【解析】选C。根据上文谈及人类如果能够与野生动物共享城市空间的好处，且空格后句 子所涉及内容与空前句形成比照关系，以及空后句的标志词too
28、,可确定答案。m.语法填空The Grand Canal (大运河)connects several key rivers in China, including the Yangtze, Yellow and Huai rivers. It began to be built 2, 500 years ago,.China was in Spring and Autumn Period. The canal runs nearly 3, 200 kilometers from Beijing to Zhejiang Province, and 2.(play) a very importan
29、t role in ancient China.Now, 3.(strong) nationwide efforts than ever will be made to better protect the Grand Canal. Ou Xiaoli, director of the National Development and Reform Committees social development department, said there were already many national plans dealing with the protection of the 4.
30、(culture) heritage. At present, 5. more systematic plan specially taking care of the canal is being developed, Ou said.“When the plan is carried 6. , more archaeological (考古学的)parks and museums will help build up the nations collective memory. ”Ou also said a key project would bring water back to th
31、e 7.(extreme) dry parts of the canal. Some parts of the ancient Grand Canal to the north of the Yellow River hold no water now, Its important 8.(make) water flow throughout the canal if we want to preserve the culture it carries,“ Ou said.He said water 9. (take) from the Yellow River would fill the
32、dry parts. Introduction of recycled waste water and better protection of underground water are both helpful 10.(solve) to the problem.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大运河连接了中国很多主要河流，在中国古代起着 很重要的作用。如今，全国范围内都将加大力度来更好地保护大运河。1.【解析】when0考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句,2, 500years ago为先行词，关系词代替它在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填wh
33、en。1 .【解析】played。考查时态。根据空格前并列连词and可知，空格处应是与runs并列的谓 语动词，再结合后面所给的时间状语in ancient China,可知应用过去式played。故填played0.【解析】stronger。考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的“than ever”可知，要用比以前更大的 努力，所以空格处应填形容词strong的比较级。故填stronger。2 .【解析】cultural。考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词heritage”。 故填 cultural.【解析】a。考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一个更系统的专门保护大运河的计划”
34、，为 泛指，应用不定冠词，且more的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。3 .【解析】outo考查固定短语。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语carry out实施，执行”。故 填 outo.【解析】extremelyo考查副词。修饰空格后形容词“dry”应用副词。故填extremely。4 .【解析】to makeo考查非谓语动词。分析可知，此处为固定句型It be+ adj. +to do sth. “做 某事是的”, It为形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故空格处应填动词不定式t。make。5 .【解析】takeno考查非谓语动词。分析可知，空格处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主 语water和tak
35、e之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填taken。6 .【解析】solutions。考查名词。据空格前“are both helpful”可知，空格处应填名词作are的 表语，solve 的名词形式为 solution,根据主语“Introduction of recycled waste water and better protection of underground water”可知这是两种方法，故应用名词复数形式solutions0故填 solutionsoIV.应用文写作（2022邯郸模拟）假定你是李华，最近，你校举办了第一届“英语学科节”(English Subject Festi
36、val)活动。请给你校的留学生朋友Harvey写一封邮件，介绍这次活动。内容包括：1.活动目的;2.主要内容;3.你的收获。注意：词数80左右。Dear Harvey,Best wishes,Li Hua 【参考范文】Dear Harvey,Im writing to share with you some information of the first English Subject Festival in our school.This activity is aimed to stimulate the students enthusiasm for learning English.
37、 During this weeklong festival, we held varieties of activities related to English learning, such as learning English songs, spelling contests, English speech contests, and several lectures on foreign culture.I really had a good time and learned a lot from this festival, and we have decided to hold such a festival every year. I hope you can participate in our English Subject Festival next year.Best wishes,Li Hua