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1、三十四 选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 SeaExploration（限时60分钟）i.阅读理解A（2022.河北百师联盟联考）Last Tuesday, a robotic ship called the Mayflower Autonomous Ship （MAS） took off from Plymouth, England. Its mission （使命）was to recreate the 1620 crossing of the Atlantic by the Mayflower, which brought the first European settlers to th
2、e USA. But unlike the original Mayflower, there are no people on the MAS. Everything about the ship is designed to run automatically. The ship is guided by an artificial intelligence （AI） system called AI Captain”.The MAS is a project run by a group called ProMare along with the computer company, IB
3、M. The ships electric motor is powered by solar energy. The goal of the project is to test different kinds of technologies for collecting information about the sea. If these can be handled by machines, it could be a big advance in ocean research.Because the MAS didnt have to carry humans, its design
4、ers were free to think about how to make the best ship for the job. In addition to cameras and radar to help the ship guide itself, the ship is carrying many different kinds of tools and sensors. It has special listening devices which can detect whales and dolphins. It even has a special “tongue“ wh
5、ich can report back on the chemicals in the water.Last Friday morning, scientists tracking the ship noticed that it was going about half as fast as it should have been going. The AI Captain was working well, but there seemed to be something slowing the motor down. Since the ship had only covered 10%
6、 of the way across the Atlantic, the team decided to bring it back to Plymouth so they could fix the problem and send it out again. They sent the MAS instructions to turn back.When the MAS finally does put out to sea again, it is expected to take about three weeks to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The fa
7、stest speed for the MAS is about 10 mph (16 kph). That may seem slow, but its about 5 times faster than the original Mayflower, which took 66 days to make the journey.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一艘名为五月花号的人工智能船穿越大 西洋，测试收集海洋信息的不同技术。1. What is the main mission of the MAS project?A. Take more Europeans acros
8、s the Atlantic.B. Explore the ocean with high technologies.C. Develop new artificial intelligence system.D. Test the new robotic ship of IBM on the sea.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知,MAS项目的主要任务是用高科技探索海 洋。故选B项。2. What happened to the MAS on the sea?A. There was something wrong with the AI Captain.B. The scie
9、ntists failed to guide the ship completely.C. The ship couldnt reach its destination as planned.D. The robotic ships electric motor didnt work well.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段可知，是船的马达出了一些问题。故选D项。3. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. The robotic ship will set sail again soon.B. The journey will be di
10、fficult and dangerous.C. The entire journey will be about 2, 100 miles.D. The MAS will travel farther than the original one.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,MAS将很快会再次出海。故选A项。教师专用4【词汇积累】automatically adv.自然地，必然地；不假思索地，无意识地；自动地handlev.拿；处理，应付trackv.追查，追踪instructionn.指令；说明【熟词生义】runv.奔跑；跑步；参加（赛跑）生义：v.管理，经营;（使）运转,（
11、使）运行如：I excused myself and ran back to the telephone.我说了声“请原谅”就跑回去接电话了。advancev. （使）前进,（使）向前移动生义：n.进展；超前The troops were finally given the order to advance.部队终于得到前进的命令。B（2022武汉模拟）Chinas space program made great progress today when it successfully landed the Zhurong rover on Mars. After months in orbi
12、t around the red planet, the Tianwen-1 spacecraft released the Zhurong rover for a landing at the preselected landing site close to an ancient ocean shoreline on Utopia Planitia. Chinese scientists are now getting ready to roll the 529 pound rover off its landing platform for a three month explorati
13、on. But the vehicle could work well beyond this goal and end up exploring Mars for years.The Zhurong rover carries six scientific instruments. Two cameras will provide information about the Martian landscape, while a laser（激光）instrument will analyze the composition of the rocks and soil. A magnetome
14、ter（磁力计）will measure magnetic fields, and a climate station will study the atmosphere, temperature, pressure, wind, and sound on Mars. The most exciting instrument aboard the rover, however, is the underground searching radar（雷达）， which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried
15、 33 feet below the surface.Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions. Even more exciting, these pockets of water, sheltered from radiation, may contain simple life forms.Because the landing site is very close to an ancient ocean shoreline that was not exp
16、lored by NASAs Viking 2 lander in 1975, the data will uncover more secrets of Mars. says James Head, a scientist at Brown University. Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore
17、the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity, Head adds.Unlike NASA, China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国首次火星探测“祝融号”火星车已经安全到 达火星表面。4. Which instrume
18、nt is most likely to detect life forms on Mars?A. The radar.B. The magnetometer.C. The cameras.D. The laser instrument.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段可知，雷达最有可能监测到火星上的生命体。故选A项。5. What is James Heads attitude to Chinas Martian program?A. Skeptical. B. Uninterested.C. Positive. D. Conservative.【解析】选co推理判断题。根据第三段可知H
19、ead对中国的火星计划抱着积极的态度，故选C项。6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. NASA is more generous in sharing data with the world.B. Zhurong might meet NASAs Viking 2 on Utopia Planitia.C. Chinas space programs will benefit scientists around the world.D. Data from Chinas lunar explorations are not availa
20、ble to foreign scientists.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，中国的太空计划将使世界各地的科学家受 益。故选C项。7. What can be the best title for the text?A. The Zhurong Rover Is Well on the Way to MarsChinas Mars Rover Successfully Landed on MarsB. Chinese Scientists Are Ready to Explore the Red PlanetTian wen-1 Is a Breakthrough for C
21、hinas Space Program【解析】选Bo主旨大意题。根据第一段可知本文都在围绕“祝融号”展开，所以B项“中国火星探测器成功登陆火星”为短文的最佳标题，故选B项。II.完形填空（2022.株洲模拟）Many people do not understand a love of reading. Why bother with reading?Reading books can be an escape. A book is another you can pretend to live in for a little while. You can have a 2 into some
22、one elses life and someone else5s problems. For the time that you 3 the book in your hands, you can 4 from the world for a while. You can choose your other world, be it 5 or future, male or female, near or far. Any type of world you want to escape to exists in books.You can 6 just about anything you
23、 want from a book. Fiction or non-fiction, both have something to teach. Non-fiction, of course, can 7 you facts. There are books with general or specific 8 , like biographies and historical accounts. There are books about science, dinosaurs, art, cooking and everything in between. Fiction books, ev
24、en those not based on fact, can offer knowledge about others lifestyles and thoughts.Reading is a great way to 9 . It takes your mind off life. It doesnt require much 10 or preparation though, just picking up a book. 11 , it can be done anywhere for any amount of 12 , If you just need a quick five-m
25、inute break, a book will 13 , If you have an hour to spare, you can 14 for that too.Books are informative, relaxing and can help you escape. 15 up a book and see if it turns you into a reader!【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了读书的好处，并呼吁人们多读书。1. A. room B. space C. star D. world【解析】选D。句意：书籍是你可以假装暂时居住的另一个世界。根据下文“you
26、can pretend to live in for a little while”可推断，此处把书籍比喻成可以假装暂时居住的另一个世界。故选Do 2. A. look B. walkC. talk D. trouble【解析】选Ao句意：你可以观察别人的生活和别人的问题。根据宾语“someone else,s life and someone else、problems”可以得出，通过读书可以看看别人的生活和问题。故选AoA. close B. hold C. find D. mark【解析】选B。句意：在你手中拿着书的时候，你可以暂时逃离世界。根据in your hands”可 知，是把书
27、拿在手里，故选BoA. come B. dreamC. escape D. drive【解析】选Co句意：这时你手中拿着书，你可以暂时逃离世界。根据第二段开头“Reading books can be an escap已”可知，读书能让人暂时逃离现实。故选CoA. past B. old C. new D. near【解析】选A。句意：你可以选择其他的世界，过去或者将来，男性或者女性，近或者远。根 据“or future”可知，此处应该是其反义词，即过去，故选A。3. A. buy B. find C. see D. learn【解析】选D。句意：你可以从书中学习到任何东西。根据后文“Fict
28、ion or non-fiction, both have something to teach”可知，无论是小说还是非小说，都有可以传授的东西，因此可知我们 从书中学习，故选D。4. A. offer B. throwC. wish D. expect【解析】选A。句意：当然，纪实作品可以给你提供事实。此处对应后文“Fiction books, even those not based on fact, can offer knowledge about others lifestyles and thoughts. 的内容和Z吉构， 也应该使用动词offer,故选AoA. doubt B.
29、 informationC. paper D. explanation【解析】选B。句意：书中有一般的或具体的信息，如传记和历史记载。根据力ike biographies and historical accounts”可知，像是传记和历史记录都属于信息，故选BoA. stay B. live C. relax D. study【解析】选Co句意：阅读是一种很好的放松方式。根据下文“It takes your mind off life. ”可知, 它会使你忘却生活，因此这里指的是读书是一种放松的方式，故选CoA. effect B. effortC. relation D. progress
30、【解析】选B。句意：它不需要很多努力或者准备。根据“just picking up a book”可知，只需要 挑一本书，所以无需太多努力，故选BoA. However B. LuckilyC. Besides D. Later【解析】选co句意：而且，它是任何时候任何地方都可以做的事情。分析文意可知，前后两 句为递进关系，故选coA. attention B. moneyC. timeD. knowledge【解析】选C。根据下文“If you just need a quick five-minute break”可知，读书不受时间和空间 的限制。故选C。5. A. work B. sho
31、wC. appear D. happen【解析】选A。句意：如果你只是需要短暂的五分钟的休息，可以看一本书。分析句意可知，work在此句中指“奏效起作用”，如果需要休息5分钟时间，读书会很“奏效”。故选A。6. A. watch B. sing C. read D. write【解析】选co句意：如果你有一小时，也可以读书。读书用动词read,故选CoA. Make B. Pick C. Put D. Set【解析】选Be句意：挑一本书，来看看它是否能把你变成一个阅读者吧! pick up意为“挑选”, 此处指挑一本书读，符合语境，故选BoIII.读后续写（2022.南京模拟）“Once th
32、ere was a ship travelling on the tough sea and on the ship there was a pair of couple. All of a sudden, the ship met with an accident and the couple had no choice but to run to the life boat without delay. After reaching there, they realized that there was space only for one person. At that very mom
33、ent, the husband pushed his wife behind him and jumped onto the lifeboat himself, leaving his wife standing on the sinking ship, shouting something desperately to her husband eyes filled with tears.The teacher stopped her story-telling and asked her students, “Guys, guess what it was that she shoute
34、d.”Most students answered. I hate you! ”After listening to all this reply, the teacher glanced through the whole class again and noticed that there was a boy sitting silently throughout. Then she asked him the same question.The boy answered, I believe she would have shouted-Take care of our child. ”
35、Listening to his remarks, the teacher was surprised and asked the boy doubtfully, Have you heard of this story before?”Shaking his head, the boy said softly and sadly, “No, I havent. But thats what my mother said to my father before she died of a deadly disease.Moved and feeling sad, the teacher rep
36、lied, Your answer is absolutely right!Then she continued, Lets take up the story. The ship sank eventually and the husband went home and brought up their daughter alone. Many years later after the death of the man, their daughter was tidying up all his belongings when she found his diary. In his dia
37、ry she found that when her parents were on the ship, her mother had already been diagnosed （诊断）with advanced illness and at the critical moment, the father rushed to the only chance of survival. ”注意：续写词数应为150左右。In his diary, the man mentioned he wished to sink to the ocean with his wife but for thei
38、r daughter he had to live.The story was finished and the class was silent.【参考范文】In his diary, the man mentioned he wished to sink to the ocean with his wife but for their daughter he had to live. Without him, their baby daughter would become an orphan. After drowning himself in sorrow for a short ti
39、me, he uplifted himself and learned how to raise baby. Whenever faced with hardships, he would inspire himself with his wifeys words“Take care of our child. Seeing the little girl grow into a sunny, pretty girl with double love from both parents, the man knew he made it to keep his promise.The story
40、 was finished and the class was silent. Nobody talked or laughed as usual. Instead, it seemed that every student was lost in deep thought, tasting the moving life story. The teacher was sure that the students were reflecting on their replies and that they had understood the moral of the story. Of the Good and Evil in this world, there are hidden secrets behind them. So we should not really focus on the surface and judge anyone without understanding them first. Put yourself in others shoes and then you can really understand their behavior.