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1、湖北省荆州市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分题型分层汇编03阅读单项选择&阅读还原一、阅读单项选择（2022 湖北荆州）Do you know how to take notes? Here are some useful tips.Don t write everything down. Pay more attention to the main points.You should write key words or very short sentences.You may use your own words, but try not to change the speaker
2、? s meaning.Don t worry about missing something during the speech.Don t take notes on paper that you might easily lose. Keep your notes in a notebook.Read your notes often. This will help you remember them later.1. What should you write when taking notes?A. Everything you hear.B. Some key words.C. L
3、ong sentences.D. Less important points.2.According to the passage, it might be best to take notes onA.pieces of paper B. the textbook C. a notebook D. your desk3.What should you do if you wantto learn from your notes?A.Read them often.B. Make them longer.C.Change the speaker, s meaning.D. Spend less
4、 time on them.（2022 湖北荆州）As we can learneyes“ of blind people. But how canfrom the story in our textbook, guide dogs are the they be so helpful? The answer is simple. Guide dogs practice to be helpful. As part of the training, guide dogs practice getting to the places their owners will need to go. B
5、ut before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas. This is because guiding a person safely is more important than just knowing where to go.Suppose a tree branch （树枝） is lying on the road in front of a blind person and his guide dog. Since the person cannot see the branch, it s up
6、to the dog to let him know i_t is there. If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop the person. Then he knows there is something in the way. He will work with his dog to find a way past the branch.Many people think a guide dog tells its owner
7、 when they can cross the road. This is not true. Instead, the dog usually stops its owner when they have reached the end of a road.Then the blind person listens to their situation and considers if it is safe to cross the road. A blind person and his dog always work as a team.4. About guide dogs, we
8、can know from the first paragraph.第1页共22页（V.干扰）？He solved the problem perfectly without any fear. It was not a bug, but the inability of those people to deal with the disturbance （n. 干扰） caused by the bug that disturbed them.I realized that it was not the shouting of my father or my boss that distur
9、bed me, but my inability to deal with the disturbances caused by their shouting that disturbed me. It was not the traffic jams （堵塞）on the road but my inability to deal with the disturbances caused by traffic jams that disturbed me.It is not a problem, but my reaction to the problem that creates diso
10、rders in my life.41. From the passage, we can infer （推断） that the second woman .A. was not scared because she was strongB. acted the same way the first woman didC. continued watching the dramaD. threw the bug back on the first woman42. Where was the writer when the story happened? .A. In the restaur
11、ant.B. In his officeC. On his way to workD. At the theater43. Which of the following would the writer agree with?A. It was the women who caused the trouble.B. The women were able to deal with the disturbance.C. The bug was responsible for what the women did.D. The waiter had the ability to deal with
12、 the disturbance.44. According to the passage, if you run into a traffic jam, you re supposed toA. complain for being lateB. feel upset and worriedC. relax yourself by listening to musicD. expect someone to clear the road right away45. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Speak less, do more.B. K
13、eep your cool when trouble hits.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Mind your manners while in a restaurant.二、阅读还原（2022 湖北荆州）阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。每个选第10页共22页 项只能用一次。46 After eating several dishes, I found myself so full that I couldn t eat anymore.47 I suddenly felt lighter and enjoyed
14、the tasty cake. But wait, why do I always have room for dessert?48 What s your favorite food? And would you like to eat it every day? Imagine that you could eat your favorite food for two days in a row. Sounds good, doesn t it? Now, let s have the food for five days, and then ten days. You might get
15、 tired of this food.49 Dessert is usually the last dish served. After you ve eaten many different kinds of foods, you gradually begin to lose interest in them. At this point, a dessert comes in as a different kind of food. The novelty （新颖性）makes your brain want to try it out.50 When you eat dessert,
16、 your brain gives out dopamine （多巴月安）.This chemical will make you want more sweet things. So the dopamine “creates” new space for more dessert.Of course, because desserts are so delicious, we must be careful not to overeat. Too much of anything can be bad for your health!A. To answer this question,
17、let s consider two other ones first.B. Another reason has relation to a special chemical （化学物质）.C. Last weekend, our family ate at a restaurant.D. Then, the ice cream cake came to the table.E. The same goes for any normal meal.（2021 湖北荆州）阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。每个选 项只能用一次。For a long time, it
18、 s been discussed whether students should be allowed to watch TV during the week. I am here to say yes. 51After a little bit of careful thinking, parents will realize that watching TV after school is a good way for students to relax. 52 We not only have more homework, but also have many other things
19、 to do after school. There is tutoring （课夕卜辅导）,sports clubs and so on. When we get home, we are tired. All we really want to do is to give our brains a break.53 They had few choices. Most of the programs were silly. Today we usually have over a hundred programs to choose from. In one hour, we can le
20、arn about ancient Egypt and planets traveling around other stars. TV can be educational. 54Lastly, today? s students use TV watching as a prize for finishing their homework.第11页共22页Television does not keep us from our homework. Instead, it encourages us to do it.55So, students should be allowed to w
21、atch TV on school nights. Do you agree with me?A. It shows us more things than textbook can.B. Parents also remember what TV was like in the old days.C. Television is not the enemy, old ideas are!D. This is totally different from the way our parents used television.E. Our lives are busier than our p
22、arents? when they went to school.（2020 湖北荆州）Fire has all kinds of uses in our daily life. However, fire can also be very dangerous. 56When a building catches on fire, getting outside quickly and safely is your top choice.57If you are in the room with closed door when a fire happens, you must be very
23、 careful before opening the door. If you see smoke coming under the door or if the door is hot, don t open it. If there is no smoke or heat, open the door and move quickly to the nearest exit. As you move, stay low to the ground.58If you can t get out quickly because fire or smoke stops you, shout f
24、or help.59It is important to know what to do in case of a fire, and is also important to practice. 60A. Make sure that you re easy to find.B. Do you know what to do in case of a fire?C. That s why schools have fire practice often.D. This way, you will avoid smoke along the way.E. Never go back into
25、a burning building for any reason!第12页共22页参考答案：1. B2. C3. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何做笔记。1.细节理解题。根据 “You should write key words or very short sentences. ,可知做笔记时你应 该写关键词或短句。应选B。2.细节理解题。根据 Don t take notes on paper that you might easily lose. Keep your notes in a notebook.”可知不要在纸上做笔记，否那么你会很容易丧失。把笔记记在笔
26、记本上。应选C。3.细节理解题。根据 “Read your notes often. This will help you remember them later. ” 可知 要经常阅读笔记，这将帮助你以后记住它们。应选A。4. D5. B6. A7. C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了导盲犬是如何帮助盲人的。4.细节理解题。根据“Guide dogs practice to be helpful. ”（导盲犬练习帮助他人）以及“But before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas. （但在止匕之前， 导盲犬必
27、须 接受许多其他领域的训练）可知，我们可以从第一段知道：导盲犬通过训练学会帮助他人。应选D。5.词义猜想题。根据 “Since the person cannot see the branch, it s up to the dog to let him know it is there.可知，此处是指既然这个人看不到树枝，那就由狗来告诉他（树枝）在哪里。 所以“it”指的是树枝。应选B。6.细节理解题。根据 “If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog w
28、ill stop the person. v可知，如果在主人面前的路上有一根大树枝，导盲犬第1页共22页会阻止它的主人。应选A。7.推理判断题。 根据 “Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road. This is not true. . . A blind person and his dog always work as a team. ” 可推断出,盲人 和他的导盲犬将决定盲人过马路是否平安。应选C。8. B9. C10. C11. D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了机器人在很多方面不如人
29、类，并举例说明了对人类很简单，但对机器人来说很难的任 务。8.细节理解题。根据 “if you drop a pencil on the floor, a robot will probably roll it around the room.”可知，当一个机器人试图拿起一支铅笔时，机器人可能会滚动铅笔。应选B。9.细节理解题。根据 “But a robot will look everywhere for a door, even on ceilings （天花 板）and floors.”可知，机器人会到处搜索，甚至是天花板。应选C。10.细节理解题。根据 uScientists have
30、 tried teaching robots common-sense rules.”可知,科学 家们试图教机器人一些常识性规那么。应选C。11.推理判断题。根据Robots may seem smart, but they cannot even pick up a chess piece. Let s take a look at some tasks that are easy for kids but not for robots. ” 以及“ Scientists have tried teaching robots common-sense rules. But even huge
31、 databases （数据 库）don t help much. Maybe they need more time to learn. v 可知，机器人很难理解我们的世 界。应选D。12. B13. C14. D15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了作者好几次在路上差点被苹果核砸到，把此事告知朋友后朋友建议 第2页共22页他以牙还牙，但作者并不想，可能最后会告知校方让校方处理此事。12.细节理解题。根据Surprised, but I felt lucky not to get hit by it. ”可知作者虽然感到很 惊讶，但仍觉得没有被砸到这是很幸运的事情。应选B。1
32、3.细节理解题。根据 “I thought about those two times when I had seen apple cores thrown over the wall. But suddenly, another apple core was thrown over with speed!” 可知作者共目 睹了三次苹果核从墙那边扔过来。应选C。14.推理判断题。划线句子意为“以眼还眼，全世界眼瞎”，也就是“冤冤相报何时了”，再根据“But I don t want to play that “game”.”可知作者并不想以其人之道还治其人之身，说明作者并不想用 同样的方式来还
33、击。应选D。15.推理判断题。根据“Maybe I 11 call the school and let them know. ”可知作者可能会致电学 校并告知校方此事，由此可知校方可能会查明弄清楚此事，并为此制订新规定。应选D。16. B17. B18. C19. D20. A【解析】【分析】本文是Tina想减肥，Jason建议Tina除了锻炼之外，还要健康的饮食，同时要确认自己是否真的要 减肥，只要接受真正的自己才会发现快乐。16.细节理解题。根据本文的格式可知，这是两封信件，应选B。17.细节理解题。根据“I run five kilometers every day”可知，她为了减肥每
34、天跑步，应选B。18.细节理解题。根据 “I run five kilometers every day, but it hasn t worked at all. I feel upset可知，Tina因为跑步没有帮助她减肥而感到沮丧，应选C。19.细节理解题。根据“So pay more attention to your eating”可知，Jason认为Tina要多关注饮 食，应选D。20.第3页共22页细节理解题。根据 “You 11 find happiness when you learn to accept yourself for who you are”可知，Jason最后
35、的建议是要学会接受真正的自己，应选A。21. D22. B23. A24. C25. D【解析】【分析】文章大意：龙井茶人人皆知，闻名中外，上等龙井茶是由手工制作，而非机器，龙井茶手工制作大 师樊生华，用其精湛的制茶工艺征服了众人，并带起徒弟，只为传承中国传统文化。26.细节理解题。根据 “if not enough is removed, the tea will taste bitter” 可知，有太多的 水，茶叶会变得有点苦，应选D。27.词义猜想题。根据 “You have to touch the leaves with your hands to feel how much wat
36、er is being removed可推断，这种传统工艺是指“用手炒茶”这个技术，应选B。28.细节理解题。根据It s easier, but the quality is not as good”可知，用机器制茶更简 单，应选A。29.细节理解题。根据“Fan is now teaching some young men. His son, a 27-year-old college graduate, is one of them”可知，他的儿子现在正在学习手工炒茶，应选C。30.主旨大意题。本文通过讲述龙井茶的制作和传承来告诉我们，有时候，只有用手才能使事物变得最 好，应选D。31.
37、 B32. D33. A34. A35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了最新通过的法律长江保护法及其主要内容。26.第4页共22页主旨大意题。通读第一段可知，本段列举了长江在中国的地位和其流经区域的经济开展情况，凸显 了其重要性，应选B。27.细节理解题。根据原文“It is the first law to protect a waterway in China”可知，长江保 护法是中国第一部保护航道的法律。应选D。28.细节理解题。根据原文“The mother river is in great need of protection because something is
38、 wrong with it”可知，本段介绍了为什么长江急需保护的原因。应选A。29.词句猜想题。根据上文“this has led to lower water levels on the riverv可知，挖沙会导致 河水水位下降，导致河水量下降消失。故decline此处可用“disappear消失”解释。应选A。30.细节理解题。根据原文“fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze s natural waterways, including its major tributaries（支流）and lakes” 可知,根据这部长江
39、保护法，所 有长江天然水域内都不能捕鱼。应选A。31. C32. C33. D34. B35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了 Newtown学校十月份的活动安排。31.细节理解题。根据表格第六行FridayLearn guitar on the lawn9 a. m. -11 a. m. 可知， 如果你想学习吉他，那你星期五上午必须有空。应选C。32.细节理解题。根据表格第四行“WednesdayPlay beach ball in the Wave Lagoon理a. m. -3 p. 可知，在所有的活动中，“沙滩球”持续的时间最长，总计五个小时。应选C。33.细节理解题。
40、根据表格第五行“Story-telling on the lawn可知，学生们如果想要听故事,他们 应该去草坪。应选D。34. 细节理解题。根据表格最后一行“Learn chemistry at the school lab$15 per student” 可知，如果Rose只有16美元，那么她可以去学习化学，只需要15美元，另外三个选项中的活动价格都高第5页共22页于16美元。应选Bo35.细节理解题。根据表格副标题uOctober School Activities at Newtown Schooln可知，表格中的 所有活动计划于十月为学生举行。应选A。36. B37. D38. C39
41、. A40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章强调在不同年龄段学生中开展艰苦奋斗精神教育的重要性，政府近日发布 了指导意见。学校和父母应该做出一些安排和努力，让学生通过教育掌握基本生活技能和形成好的工 作习惯。36.细节理解题。根据“The guideline calls for students to respect work”可知，指导意见要 求学生尊重劳动。应选B。37.词句猜想题。根据第三段 “The government has been trying to stress the importance of hardworking spirit education” 可矢II
42、, this 指代的是 hardworking spirit education “艰苦奋斗精 神教育二应选D。38.段落大意题。根据第四段 “only 22 percent of primary and middle school students help with everyday chores around the house”可知，此段讲述大约有五分之一的学生在家里会帮做家务。应选 Co39.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Primary and middle schools should provide students with hard-working spirit classes
43、every week, according to the guideline. Schools can also hold activities to give students real-world work experience.可知根据指导意见,中小学应该每周为学生提供勤奋精神课程。学校还可以举办活动，让学生获得真实的工作经验，应选A。40.细节理解题。根据最后一段 “As children s first teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn how to do chores at home. Student
44、s should master one or two life skills every year可知父母应教孩子们学习在家里做家务。应选C。41. B第6页共22页42. A43. D44. C45. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述餐馆里出现虫子，不同的人对虫子的干扰的不同表现，作者由此受到启 发：不是问题本身而是对问题的反响给生活制造了混乱和干扰，作者主要告诉读者在麻烦出现的时候要 保持镇定。46.推理判断题。根据第二段then it landed on another woman in the group. Now, it was her turn to continue t
45、he drama”可知第二位女士和第一位女士一样的表现。应选B。47.推理判断题。根据第四段 uDrinking my coffee and watching the drama go on, I started wondering可知事情发生的时候作者在餐馆里。应选A。48.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段He solved the problem perfectly without any fear. It was not a bug, but the inability of those people to deal with the disturbance caused by the bug
46、 that disturbed them可知作者认为服务员没有任何恐惧的处理好了因为虫子引起的干扰。应选D。49.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段It was not the traffic jams on the road but my inability to deal with the disturbances caused by traffic jams that disturbed me” 路上的交通堵塞不会 干扰到我，而是没能力处理交通堵塞会干扰我，可知当你碰到交通堵塞的时候，不要让堵塞干扰到自 己，应该听音乐放松下来。应选C。50.主旨大意题。根据最后一段 “It is not a p
47、roblem, but my reaction to the problem that creates disorders in my life”不是问题本身而是对问题的反响给生活制造了混乱和干扰，可知文章 主要告诉读者在麻烦出现的时候要保持镇定。应选B。51. C52. D53. A54. E55. B【解析】【导语】第7页共22页A.blind people canafford a guide dogB.not all dogs canbetrained to be helpfulC.dogs are born tobehelpful to blind peopleD.guide dogs learntobe helpful through training5.The underlined word“it” in Paragraph 2 refers to A.6.A. stop its ownerB. ask someone for helpC. move it with its ownerD. guide its owner around itthe road B. the tree branch C. the bl