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1、（牛津版深圳版）英语八年级上册课文知识点Unitl EncyclopediasLook it up!Here a旧 two articles from an encyclopaedia.Da Vinci, LecmardoLeonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) was an Italian 。ainter, inventor, musician, engineer and scienlist. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and ar
2、tistic ability.As he grew older, he leamt io do many ifferent things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is erhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions.For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of Hying machines. (See Art)Dinosaurs
3、Dinosaurs lived 够n Earth more than ()million years before 碰uman beivgs. They lived everywhere on Earth. ome dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even fly.Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.Dinosaurs lived on Earth for
4、more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all (jjlied out. Nobody knows why. However, we can (2jbarn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history)知识点encyclopedia 百科全书look up 查阅;look it up； look out 小心；look through 浏览：look at 看Here be句型主谓一致看后面Italian a.意大利的n.意大利人，意大利语；German； Frenchpaint
5、er 画家；invenlor 创造家；musician 音乐家，engineer 工程师；scientist 科学家be born 出生in the countryside 在乡下From an early age 从早期show great intelligence 展示出才能As he grew older当他长大；as当时候barn to do sth 学习做某事；study 研究;learn about/know about 了解，学习lifferent a.不同的；be different from 和不同；difference n.不同，差异(perhaps 可能；probably
6、； possibly； maybeor example 例如;such as 例如includingn earth在地球上on Mars在火星上60 million years 6(X)0 万年；a few/some million； millions of.uman beings 人类ome.others一些.，另一些；one.the other.一 个，另一个；another再一个；one.lhe others.一个剩余的全部；other.其他的,另外的ie out灭绝了； die from/of因.而死亡；die down熄火：die off相继死去team.from.从.学习;lear
7、n to do sth 学习；learn about 了解,学习到.More practiceA pen giantDo you know Laszlo Biro? (DMaybe you do not, but you Oprobably use his invention every day, and you may even have it in your hand G)right now!Biro (1899-1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He 3)wasborn in Budapest, Hungary. (5)In the
8、 1930s. when he worked as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it Oall the time. The ink Oalso did not dry Q easily, and it Gsometimes Qmade a mess on the. paper. Biro wanted a belter pen. His brother, George, helped him develop a Ospecial ink. The i
9、nk dried easily. Then they developed Qa new type of pen. There was a C7tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball (Srolled ink onto paper Gas it moved. They SJcahed it ihe ballpoint pen.The ballpoint pen was a great Dsuccess. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it Gall over ihe world every
10、day.People will always Qremember Biro for his invention. Today in many 四English-speaking countries, people 0still use the word biro to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen.(D maybe adv.may be情态动词probably (可能性最大)maybe; perhaps; possiblyG)right now立刻；马上=right away=at once=immcdiatelybe bom出生 bcar-bore-b
11、ornin the 1930s在20世纪30年代In 1930 在 1930 年work as作为(职业)而工作work for为而工作Qused to do过去常常be used to do被用来做be used to doing 习惯于almost:nearly几乎；差不多however 然而 =never(heless=butOall the time 一直Oalso句中too肯定句句末 either否认句句末 as well句末 Oeasilyadv.修饰动词 Gsometimes = at times 有时 some times = several times 很屡次 sometim
12、e在未来的某个时间 some time 一段时间Qmakeamess制造混乱;一团糟special 特殊的=unique二especial especially 尤其是(Sa type of 一种=a kind/sort ofC7tiny=small= littlelarge=big(Broiled滚动,转动0as当时;whenSDcall命名；叫做二nameOsuccess n.成功Successful adj.成功的succeed in doing成功做某事=be successful in doing=have a success in doingGall over the world
13、全世界=around/across/throughout the world=everywhere in the worldDrcmcnibcr to do记得去做某事remember doing记得做过某事forget to do忘记去做某事forget doing忘记做过某事stop to do停下来去做另外一件事stop doing停下来正在做的事English-speaking countries 说英语的国家spoken English 英语口语 必still adv.仍然；adj.静止的 Prefer宁愿；更喜欢prefer to do; prefer doing; prefer
14、sth.喜欢prefer A to Bprefer doing A to doing Bprefer to do A (rather) than do BUnit5ReadingAn exchange visit is （2）educational and Ginteresting! A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange.T was very （5）nervous
15、 at first,“ says Sarah. However, my Qhost family are really friendly. Tin glad to be a guest in their home. I,ve G）learnt to use chopsticks, and they,re teaching ine a little Chinese!”The students Ospend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. QAt the weekend, they Dtour around Beijing and visi
16、t Gplaccs of interest with their host families.Tts been a fantastic experience Gso far/ says Eric. Ive learnt C5a bit of lai chi, and I really enjoy it. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese Dculture and history. The teachers have CSinlroduced us I。Chinese painting Oas well. Well also tried lo pai
17、nt some pictures ourselves! I havent had much 2）success yet, but Ill Qkeep trying.，Tvc made many new friends、” says Sarah. I 23 pl an to 演 keep in touch wi【h them when I 0return home. Well see one another soon 27because theyll 四come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I 四c
18、ant wait!”exchange交换；交流0educational有教育意义的education n.教育educate v.教育G）interesting 有趣的be interested in = have a great interest in 对.有兴趣agroupof 一组；一群nervous紧张的be nervous about对感到紧张6 however 然而=nevcrthcless=butQhost family寄宿家庭；房东（S）friendly 友好的be friendly to对友好make friends with和做朋友be glad/happy to do很高
19、兴做某事（Diearnt to do学做某事Ospend ones time = kill ones time 花费某人时间 spend some money/time （in） doing sth./ on sth.It costs sb. some money to do.It takes sb. some time to do.Qat the weekend 在周末Gtour around周游，环游Qplaces of interest 名胜古迹Oso far到目前为止（+现在完成时） since; ever; already; yetC&a bit of 一点=a little ofc
20、ulture 文化history 历史geography 地理traditional 传统custom习俗（Binlroduce sb. to sth.向某人介绍某物；使某人了解某物0as well 也also句中too肯定句句末either否认句句末SOtry doing sth.试着做try to do sth. = manage to do sth. = try/do ones best to do 尽力做try on试穿try out试验） success n.成功successful adj.成功的succeed in doing成功做某事=be successful in doin
21、g=have a success in doingOkeep doing 一直做某事plan to do计划做某事Okccp in touch with 保持联络23retum home回家（home是副词，没有to）2Sonc anothcr=cach other 彼此，互相27because=since=for=asbecause of=as a result of23come over 过来cant wait to do 等不及做More practice（DTake part in our educational exchangeDo you Olove to travel and （
22、3）meet new people? Yes? Have you 3）eyer lived and studied in （5）another country? No? Well, join our educational exchange now!Our educational exchange is fantastic. You can experience a different culture and learn a new language. You can （8）improve your social skills and make lots of friends.There ar
23、e two parts in our educational exchange. In the first part, an exchange student will （ravel to your （9）home country and slay with your family. In the second part, you will travel to your exchange partners home country and stay with his or her family. You will go to school with him or her. You will a
24、lso take part in local Oactivities.You can Qapply for our educational exchange Gif you: are aged between 14 and 17., Qwould like to （Jlearn about the language, culture, history, geography and （5way of life of another country. Ohave a reference from your head teacher.Il will be the （adventure of a li
25、fetime. So, what are you waiting for? Apply today!（Dtake part in 参加（活动）join参加（组织，机构）attend参加（会议）01ike/love doing 喜欢做 like/love to doenjoy doingmeet遇见；满足ever +现在完成时so far; since; already; yet6）another 另一个other其他的others其他的人/物the other另外的the others其余的experience 经验（un.）；经历（cn.） different difference-diff
26、erences be different from 和不同8 i mprove v.改进；提高improve.in.在方面有改进home country 祖国（partners所有格单数,s;复数sOactivity n.活动active adj.积极的；活跃的action n.彳了动Qapply for申请;请求Dif如果（条件状语从句）是否=whether (宾语从句) Qwould like to想要做某事=want to do sth=feel like doing sth.learn about=know about/解 (Sway of life生活方式C7havc a refer
27、ence from (Badventure of的冒险/旅程 go on an adventure 去冒险 wait for sb.等某人 wait to do sth.等待去做某事Unit 6ReadingThe Trojan horseThe captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. The Greeks have gone and weve won. he said. Theyve G)tried to capture our city fbr ten years. Now theyve given up and sailed
28、 away!”4tBut look over there,n a soldier said. Theyve 【ake i wilh ihem. Get some help and pull it into the city.”That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They(8)sang and danced around the horse, and Omade iokes aboul the stupid Greeks. 4tI havent laughed like this Qsin
29、ce my childhood,v the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all。 went to sleep.QBy midnight, the main square was empty, Dexcept for the huge horse. Suddenly a secret door opened (5on the side of the wooden horse. The horse 6was full of Greek soldiers! They qui
30、etly 0climbed ou of the horse (Bone by one.The soldiers opened the main gates. The Greek army (Centered the city.For ten years, (he Greeks could not capture the city 0)by fighting. In one night, however, they 2)succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.(D go-went-gone win-won-wontry doing sth
31、.试着做try to do sth. = manage to do sth. = try/do ones best to do 尽力做try on试穿try out试验give up放弃give out分发；公布give in to向投降(5)leave-left-leftleave sth.留下;落下leave A for B离开A地方去B地方leave for A动身去A地方-take sth. with sb.带着help sb with sth.help sb. (to) do sth.with the help of=with ones helpS)sing-sang-sungmad
32、e jokes about=make jokes on=niake fun of= laugh atQsince +现在完成时so far; ever; already; yetOgo to sleep=go to bed=fall asleepQby midnight 到午夜Gexcept for除了；要不是（不同类） except （同类）suddenly突然地=all of a suddenon the side of 在的一边（Sbe full of=be filled with 充满了Cclimb out of 爬出（Bone by one 一个接一个enter ittA=come/
33、go into0）by=（hrough 通过Q success n.成功Successful adj.成功的succeed in doing成功做某事=bc successful in doing=have a success in doingMore practiceThe story of 100,000 arrowsThis is a story about two (Dwise men- Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu. The Chinese people have told it for many, many years.One day, Zhou Yu gave
34、Zhuge Liang an Oimpossible task. He (tasked him to make 100,000 arrows within ten days. No problem, Zhuge Liang said. Ill (5)bring you 100,000 arrows in three days.Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers to fill 2() large boals with many straw men. (S*In (he early morning of the third day, Zhuge Liangs soldi
35、ers sailed the boats towards the camps of Cao Caos army Son the other side of the river. The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly.When Cao Cads soldiers heard the sounds, they O thought they Qwere under atack. O However, they could not see through the thick fog on the river. Cao Cao Qnrdered
36、 his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the drums and the shouting. Zhuge Liangs boats were soon full of arrows.Zhuge Liangs soldiers then Cfttumcd the boats around and shouted, Thank you for your arrows. Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang took all these arrows to Zhou Yu. There were C7more than 100,0
37、00 of them.wise adj.明智的wisdom n.智慧0impossible不可能的im-不，非possible可能的ask sb. to do要求某人做某事within在内6)bring-brought-broughtbring about 弓I 起bring in带来：引进bring up提出；养育ein+ 一段时间 之后(将来时)Ofill sth. with 填满be filled with /be full of 被填满8 in the early morning in the morning on Monday morning on a cold morningtow
38、ards = to 朝；向CDon the other side of 在的另一边on one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面Dthink-thoughl-thoughtbe under attack 受到攻击however 然而二nevertheless二butorder sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 =ask sb. to do sth.(5be full of=be filled with 充满(Sturn around 转向；转身Oinore than=ovcr 多于More practiceAustralias big attraction
39、sAustralia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions.The Big BananaThe Big Banana is in Coffs Harbour. It was made in 1964 by john Landy. Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana. The idea worked. Many people visited his fruit shop and to
40、ok pictures of the Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia began making big things.The Big MerinoThe Big Merino is in the city of Goulburn. Merinos ama type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheepare very important to the farmers there. Inside
41、 the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also climb up to the Big Merinos head and look at the iew hrough its eyes.知识点：also=too=as well也；either也，否认句，句尾allraction n.有吸弓|力的事物或人altractv.吸引，引来attraclive a.有吸引力的，有魅力的be made by 被建造；be made in 在建造；be mad
42、e for 为.制作；be made up of 由.组成 be made of由.构成（看出原材料） be made from由构成（看不出原材料） be made to do sth被要求做某事want to do sth= would like to do sth 想要做某事work v.奏效；起作用n.工作；著作；工厂（works）begin doing sth.开始做某事（长期习惯）begin to do sth开始去做某事差异小a type of 一种；a kind of 一种，一类be important to对.很重要climb up爬上去look at 看 ；see sb d
43、o/doing sth ; watch sthiewn.看法，观点，视野hrough its eyes通过眼睛through从里面穿过；across从上面穿过Unit7 MemoryMemory cornerHenryA great way to help you remember something is to imagine a picture of it in your mind. If you make the picture big, strange or silly, you will remember it better. For example,to reineniber th
44、e word “smiles”, we can imagine there is a “mile” between the first letter and the last letter.This makes it the longest word in the world. Remember: a picture（T）is worth a thousand words.PaulaA good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each letter of the wo
45、rd. For example, if you want to remember how to spell the word “because”, you can use the sentence “because”, you can use the sentence ”Big elephants can al wavs understand small elephants”.MillieYou will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well. For example, you may haverouble re
46、membering the list of steps in the water cycle. However,I it is easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works.help sb do sth帮助某人做某事with the help of sb = with sbs help 在某人的帮助下be to do sth准备做某事=will do sth=be going to do sth =be about to do sthmind 思想，大脑/ v.介意 would you mind me doing（考点）sthmake sth adj使某事如何make sb do sth使某人做某事be made to do sth被迫做某事to do sth不定式做目的状语between A and B在A和B之间（两者）among在三者之间be worth +钱 值多少钱be worth doing sth值得去做某事=be worthy of sthwith 用.