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1、必修三U11. gain v.获得；增加 (=obtain / win) n.增加 pl. 收益He quickly gained experience by/from racticing. 他很快就有经验了。Ive gained weight recently. 我最近长胖了。2. independent adj. 独立的;自主的;无关的Though she is young, she is independent of her parents. 她虽年轻却很独立，不依靠父母。拓展：independently adv. 独立地；自由地 independence n. 独立，自主，独立3. a
2、ward vt.授予，赐予；判给 n.奖(品)；奖学金The school awarded Merry a prize (for her good work). 学校因为她工作好嘉奖了梅丽。To win / receive / get an award for (doing) sth. 因为某事而获奖4. admire vt.敬佩,赞许,赞扬,夸奖 sb. For (doing) sth. Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humour. 人人都敬佩他那绝妙的幽默感。拓展：admiring adj. 赞许的; 赞美的; 艳羡的 admira
3、ble adj. 令人敬佩的；极好的admiration n.赞许，敬佩5. permission n.允许，许可，准许You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开.拓展：permissible adj.可允许的，许可的 permitWe do not permit smoking in the office. 在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。The council will not permit you to build here. 委员会不会允许你们在这一带搞建筑.6. apologize vi.愧疚，认错，谢罪I apologized to her for st
4、epping on her foot. 我因踩了她的脚而向她愧疚。拓展：apology n.愧疚，认错，愧悔I made an apology to her for stepping on her foot. 我因踩了她的脚而向她愧疚。7. remind vt.提示，使想起； sb. Of sth. / that / sb. To do sth. He reminds me of the years in France. 他使我想起了在法国的那些年。Please remind me to buy some milk on my way home. 请提示我回家路上买些牛奶。拓展： remind
5、er n.提示物；纪念品；示意8. Take place发生，进展，实行9. In memory of 纪念；悼念10. Dress up 盛装；装扮；装饰11. Look forward to 期盼；期望；渴望12. Day and night 日夜；昼夜；成天13. Have fun (with sb.) 玩得快乐14. Turn up 出现；到场；开大声点15. Keep ones word守信用；履行诺言16. Hold ones breath 屏息；屏气17. Set off 动身；动身；使爆炸U21. dietbe / go on a diet 节食；吃限定食物2. balance
6、 n.平衡；天平；结存 vt.使平衡；称；权衡The child couldnt keep his balance on the bicycle. 孩子骑在自行车上不能保持平衡。You have to balance the advantages of living downtown against the disadvantages.你必需权衡住在市中心的利弊。3. curiosity n.新奇(心)；奇物，奇事 (about sth/to do sth)拓展：curious adj.新奇的，好求知的；稀奇的 be (about sth/to do sth)He gave in to cur
7、iosity and opened the letter addressed to his sister. 他抑制不住新奇心, 拆开了别人写给他妹妹的信.4. strength n.力(气)，力气；强度；特长拓展：strengthen vt.加强，稳固 strong adj. 强壮的；坚毅的；剧烈的，浓的a man of great strength 强壮的男子The fence was strengthened with wire. 这堵围栏用金属丝加固了。7. limit n.限度，限制 pl. 范围；极限 vt.限制(定) to sth拓展：limited adj. 有限的; 少的;小的
8、There is a limit to the amount of money I can afford. 我能付得起的钱数是有限的。Only a limited number of places is available. 只有少数地方可供运用8. benefit常及from连用It is said Yogo is of great benefit to human health. 据说瑜咖功对人体安康有极大好处。We benefit a lot from daily exercises. 我们得益于每天做操。for the benefit of 为了的利益、好处9. Lose weight
9、 体重减轻；减肥10. Get away with 被放过；做坏事没被惩处11. Tell a lie 说谎12. Earn ones living 谋生13. Cut down 削减；删节14. Before long 不久以后15. Put on weight 增加体重U31. permit v.允许；(使)有可能 (-tt-) n. 许可证，执照The situation does not permit of any delay. 情势刻不待时.The windows permit light and air to enter. 这些窗户采光及通风性能良好.We are not perm
10、itted to smoke in the classroom. 2. account v. 认为；说明；总计有； n. 说明；理由；计算；账户on account of 因为；由于not on any account / on no account 确定不；决不take into account 考虑；顾及到account for 导致；做出说明Bad weather accounted for the long delay. 天气不好导致了长时间的耽搁。3. contrary adj.(to)相反的，对抗的 n.the相反(事物)on the contrary 及此相反；相反地4. Bri
11、ng up 抚养；培育；教化；提出5. Stare at 注视；盯着看6. Take a chance 冒险7. In rags 衣衫褴褛8. As for 至于；关于U41. harmful adj.有害的 (to sb/sth)Smoking can be harmful to your health. 吸烟对身体有害拓展：harm n.vt.损害，损害，危害 do harm to sb./sth. 损害、损害harmless adj. 无害的，无恶意的2. puzzle v.(使)迷惑；(使)犯难 n.谜；难题Its a puzzle where all my money goes ea
12、ch week. 我每星期的钱去了哪儿是个难解的问题.The old general was puzzling over the old map. 老将军对着那张旧地图苦苦思索着。3. in time 及时4. lay eggs 下蛋5. give birth to 产生；生小孩6. in ones turn 轮到某人；接着7. preventfrom 阻挡；制止8. cheer up (使)欢乐起来，(使)振作起来9. now that 既然10. break out 突发；爆发11. watch out 留神；提防；亲密关注U51. surround vt.包围；环绕，围绕They hav
13、e surrounded the town with troops. 他们出动军队包围了该城.拓展：surrounding adj. 四周的，旁边的 pl. n. 四周的事物；环境2. mix v.相混合；混淆；调配 n.混合(物) A with B 使一物及另一物混合 sth (up) 混合或混淆某物拓展：mixture n.混合；混合物3. confirm vt.证明，确定；进一步确定，确认；批准The announcement confirmed my suspicions. 这项通告证明白我的猜疑属实.拓展：confirmed adj.习惯的，根深蒂固的 confirmation4.
14、distance n.距离，遥远，远方；冷淡，疏远in the distance far away 在远处; 在远方keep ones distance (from sb/sth) 及某人/ 某事物保持确定距离拓展：distant adj. 在远处的，长远的；冷淡的，疏远的5. impress vt.给以深刻的印象，使牢记；压印常及with/on连用His words are strongly impressed on my memory. 他的话使我深深牢记心头。The boy impressed me with his sense of humor. 那个男孩的幽默感给我留下深刻印象。拓展
15、：impression n. 印象，印记，压痕 impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的；感人的6. rather than 及其倒不如，不是而是7. settle down 定居；安静下来；用心于8. manage to do 设法胜利做了某事9. catch sight of 看见；瞥见10. have a gift of 对有天赋必修4Unit1 1.2. condition n. 状况不可数，条件可数，环境复数on no condition 决不3.4. worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.
16、5. worth adj.值，值得 be worth doing worthy adj.值得做的，可敬重的 be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done6. observe v.视察，观测，遵守observation n.视察，观测7. respect v./n.敬重，敬重，敬意respectable adj.值得敬重的，正派的，风光地respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的8. entertainment-n 款待，消遣 entertain-v 款待；款待，消遣，抱有，怀着想法、疑问9. inspire v.鼓舞，激发inspire
17、d adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的inspiring adj.鼓舞人的inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感10. intend v.方案，准备intention n.准备，目的，意图11. considerate adj.考虑周到的consider v.考虑，认为consideration n考虑，体谅considering prep考虑到12. deliver v.递送，生小孩，接生，发表演讲等delivery n.投递，交货，分娩1. 1 devoteto (doing) sth.把奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于 be devoted to用心致志于 2. 4 le
18、ad alife 过着的生活3. 5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海 4. 6 look down on/ upon 蔑视，瞧不起5. 8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧6. carry on 接着，坚持 carry out 实行，执行，完成7. fight for 为.而战 fight against 及战斗8. put to death判死刑 9. concern oneself with关注 留意10. intend to do sth./ doing sth. 准备做某事11. take turns to do sth 实行步骤做某事 12. mean to do 准备做某事 m
19、ean doing 意味着13. by now 直到现在14. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙；这才使她得以开场自己的方案。only位于句首并修饰状语，句子要发生局部倒装，将助动词或联系动词置于主语之前15. Following Janes way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一
20、行人将依据Jane探讨猩猩的方法去森林里探望他们。-ing作方式状语。留意非谓语动词作状语时的区分：-ing主动/进展/持续，-ed被动/过去，to do主动/将来U21. 2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力 struggle against struggle for struggle with2. 7.disturbing adj 引起苦恼的，令人不安的，disturb v. 打扰，麻烦3. circulate v.循环，流通circulation n.循环，流传4. rid vt 摆脱，除去 5.6. nationality n 国籍，national adj 国家的，民族的
21、 nation n. 国家7. occupation n 工作，职业，占据 occupy v.占用，使从事，把留意力集中于.占据, 占据8.1. 1 if not 假如不. If so 假如这样，2. consider oneself sth 自认为是 consider sb sth 认为某人是3. 8 would rather do than do宁愿，宁可也不=would do rather than do4. build up 增加，强大5. focus on 集中留意力、精力等于6. keepfrom/of 使免受影响、损害等7. Dr Yuan Longping grows what
22、 is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻的稻种。what引导的名词性从句在句中作宾语 在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，假如这些词后面出名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：We dont allow smoking in the classroom.We dont allow students to smoke. 动词need, require, want作“须要解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如：Your
23、coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.U31.2. throughout prep.普及，贯穿adv.到处，始终，全部3. worn adj 用旧的，用坏的，破烂的4. convince v.使信服convincing adj.令人信服的convinced adj.信任的，信服的5. 19 occasion n.时刻，场合occasional adj.间或的，临时的occasionally adv.间或地，有时地6. 20. slide v./n.滑动，滑行7. 21.amuse v.使发笑，使开心amused adj.开心的am
24、using adj.逗人发笑的，令人开心的amusement n.开心，欢乐8. 22. whisper v./n.耳语，低声说9. 23、react v.做出反响，回应reaction n.反响，回应 1. 5badly off 穷的，缺少的 2. in search of 找寻.3. pick out 选择出，识别出4. on the edge of 在边沿5. star in 担当主角，主演 6. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountian during a snowstorm with nothing
25、 to eat.相反，他们被暴风雪困在山边的一个小木屋中，没有任何东西可吃。(with的复合构造作伴随状语)U41. association; n. 社团；联系；联想associate;vt. 使发生联系, 使联合adj. associated联合的, 关联的2. approach; vi.&vt.接近；靠近 n.接近；方法；途径. approachable -adj. 可到达的；可亲近的3. defend -vt. 爱护；保卫 defense- n. 防卫；防卫设备；防卫4. misunderstand -vt. 误会；误会misunderstanding -n. 误会；误会understa
26、nding -n. 谅解, 理解a) ease-n. 安逸；舒适vt.减轻苦痛；忧虑easeful-adj.舒适的, 安逸的1. defend against保卫以免受2. in defence 防卫，保障3. be likely to 很可能；有渴望4. nod at sb 向某人点头5. in general 总的来说；通常6. at a job fair 在求职会上7. at ease 舒适；愉快；逍遥自由8. turn ones back to 背对；背弃9. turn ones head away 把头转过去U51. various- adj. 不同的；各种各样的 variety-
27、n. 多样性；植物品种 vary-v使.多样化2. fantasy- n. 幻想；怪念头fantastic adj. 奇异的；稀奇乖僻的fantast n. 幻想家；3. unique- adj. 独一无二的；仅有的uniquely-adv. 独特地；唯一地4. preserve-vt 保存，保存 n爱护区 presevation-n爱护，保存5. settle-v 定居，支配下来 settler-n 移民者，殖民者6. athletic-adj. 运动的athlete- n. 运发动；运动选手 athletics- n.体育(运动);7. minority;-n. 少数；少数民族minor
28、adj. 较小的；次要的majority n. 多数；8. advance; vt.&vi. 前进；促进；提前advanced-adj. 高级的；年老的；先进的1. no wonder that难怪；缺乏为奇2. be modeled after 依据仿照；仿造3. in advance 提前4. get close to 接近5. come to life 活泼起来 6. be familiar with 熟识，熟知7. make available for 使.可供之用。8. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park fo
29、r you!不管你喜爱哪个，喜爱什么，总会有适合你的主题公园。9. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!想进入古英格兰的梦幻世界吗？那就来卡默洛特公园吧！10. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.假如开车，“观测将来就在高速马路旁边。11.倍数表达法（1） 基数词+times+adj./adv比拟级+than（2） 基数词+times+as +adj./adv.+as（3） 基数词+times+the+length/height/width/size等+of