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1、一、时态讲解：如今完成时（1）构成：如今完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变更。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.如今完成时的否认式干脆在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否认式、疑问式和简洁答复形式如下：否认式疑问式I have not (havent) studied.Have I studiedYou have not (havent) studied.Have you studiedHe has not (hasnt) studied.Has he studied否认疑问式简洁答复（确定/否认）Have I
2、 not (Havent I) studiedYes, you have. No, you havent.Have you not (Havent you) studiedYes, I have. No, I havent.Has he not (Hasnt he) studiedYes, he has. No, he hasnt.（2）用法：1）如今完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对如今的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 Im sure weve met before. 我确定我们以前见过
3、面。 She has arrived. 她到了。2）表示持续到如今的动作或状态，往往和包括如今在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet等。如： I havent heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们分开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.留意：a) since和for的
4、区分since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _
5、 7 oclock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October.1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for
6、 8. since2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不行能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. The old man has died for 4 months. They have left only for 5 minutes. 以上三句话可以改为：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has _ _ for 4 months.They have _ _ on
7、ly for 5 minutes2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区分：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比拟：Where has he been 他刚刚到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone 他上哪儿去了？（人不在）They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（如今已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.3）如今完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，
8、如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I havent read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student.
9、 马红始终是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street. 我常常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yanan. 他们从未去过延安。I havent seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcau
10、ghtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsold
11、soldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam, iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back fro
12、m work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 2019.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10
13、._ you _ (find) your science book yet 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere 1. have, seen, saw
14、2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seenII. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _ hereA. come B. got C. arrived D. been2. My gra
15、ndpa died _.A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.3. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. been B. gone C. went D. never been4. It is ten years _ I last saw her.A. after B. since C. for D. that5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry -I will. I _ he
16、r several times.A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it -Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had7.-Do you know Lydia very well -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have t
17、urned8. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to10. -_ you ever _ to the US - Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, bee
18、n C, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否认句) I _ _ been to Macau before.2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就划线局部提问) _ _ he come to school3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I _ just _ a new bike.4. We began to learn English three ye
19、ars ago.(改为同义句) We _ _English _three years5. He has never surfed, _ _ （改成反意疑问句） 6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线局部提问) _ _have they been here7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) （动词填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago.Ask the questions1) I h
20、ave been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _3) He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a bookKeys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buyUse “ne
21、ver, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _” “Yes, it has _
22、left.”Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already如今完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。 3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。 4. 他已经吃过午饭 5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。7.这本字典我已买了三年了。 8.他分开中国三年了。 9.我相识他们五年了。 10.他们已去了美国五年了。 11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。 12.我妹妹成为一个高校生已经三年。 13.自从2019年以来他们就相识。14.我
23、来到这个学校已3年多了。 二、用since和for填空1._two years 2._two years ago3._last month 4._ 20195._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock7 4 hours 8._an hour ago9. _we were children 10._ lunch time11._ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Jap
24、anese _ three years.15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.三、完毕性动词转换为以下持续性动词或者表示可以持续的状态的短语。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing
25、five minutes ago.He Beijing for .2) I moved to the USA in 2019. I the USA since .3) I went home yesterday. I home for .4) They came here last week. They _ here since _. come to / go back to / return to be back to go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ for _.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.
26、We _ _ to Beijing since _. become be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I _ a teacher for _.2) The river became dirty last year. The river _ _ dirty for _ _. close be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ for _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six ho
27、urs. get up be up； die be dead； leave sp. be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep be asleep； finish / end be over；marry be married；1) I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _since _.2) He left Shanghai just now.He _ _ _ Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2019.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The me
28、eting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990. They _ _ _since _. start / begin to do sth. do sth. ；begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago
29、. The film _ _ _ for _ _. borrow keep； lose not have ；buy have ；put on wearcatch / get a cold have a cold； get to know know1) They borrowed it last week. They _it since _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I _a pen for _.3) I got to know him last year. I _ him since _.4) I put on my glasses three year
30、s ago. I _ my glasses for _.have / has gone to have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He _ Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member of the league / the Party be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2
31、019.He _ a _ for two years.He _ a _ the _ for two years.He _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _a _ for _ _.My brother _ in _ for two years.四、划线提问1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _ 2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _
32、3) He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ thereB: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you knowB: Im afraid he wont come back recentl
33、y.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan IslandB: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that placeB: He _ there only once.六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How l
34、ong _ they _ this village5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ America - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim He _ the farm.9) When_ he _ He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ to the zoo with me -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _
35、 now - I _ to the zoo.12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year14) _ they often _ skating in winter七 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.
36、4. “Have you _ seen the film” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _” “Yes, it has _ left.”八. 用适当的时态填空：1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave)
37、.5. Mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _(see) it here and there6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet7. -Are you thirsty -No I _just _ (have) some orange.8. We - already _ (return) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village10. I _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me11. My father _ (read) the n
38、ovel twice.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.13. I _ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father _ (read) this book since yesterday.如今完成时态练习题答案一翻译下列句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips2. I have just lost my chemistry book.3. I have never been to the farm before.4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet6. My brother hasnt come /get / been back yet = My brother hasnt returned yet.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8. Has been away f