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1、间隔 自考英语(一)，英语(二)，四级三项考试的时间不长了，有很多人是两项都要考的，提几点好用的说明。 1.假如有以上两项考试同时准备的话，先来看看两者关系(1)四级考试除却了单词及词组固定搭配的考察，所剩的语法也许只有非谓和虚拟，分值不超过5分，而语法一般最多一个月就能理解透的，因此重点在练阅读，听力和驾驭历年题中出现的单词。(2)自学考试英语的语法那么很细碎，应尽早花时间驾驭好。(3)阅读可以用四级的统一复习，问题不大。(1)四级的背法是挑历年题中出现过的先背，再带一本单词手册，以薄的为好，多了也背不了，最好是联想记忆的那种，防止以a开头按字母排序那种可能引起的记忆疲惫(通常以a开头的有不
2、少是较生僻的，可能使信念受打击)。(2)自学考试英语单词的背法查看课文，以此为记忆气氛背单词。一课一课地背，顺带也记住了固定搭配和句型。关于课后练习，要做的只有词汇，语法和翻译，其他一律不要奢侈太多时间，略过即可。3.准备这些考试是否须要语法书？总的来讲不须要，不须要通过系统的语法阐述来驾驭。如英语(一)中前几章也许过一眼即可，难点在后几章，而这些也只需在你做题有困难的时候翻书查看一下，驾驭应付考试最有效的几招就可以了。教材的阐述客观来讲比较泛泛，合适一开始入门。我手头有的语法书不是最好的，但是应对考试很有实效的，假如大家有须要，我可以摘出精华技巧帖上来，语法的讨论主要是在于驾驭出题的规律。P
3、.S.关于情态动词，强调句，倒装句，定语从句，状语从句，名词从句，主谓一样的应试技巧，假如大家有须要我可以抽出应试精华作点分析。 4.最终的一点建议由于是时间有限，大家最好是边做题边翻看书复习，尽早进入状态为好。该做的做，不该做的坚决不去奢侈宝贵的时间自考英语复习的几点好用建议|深圳自考辅导|自学考试学习资自考-英语一讲义(23)举办机构：东方学习网 教化询问 东方之子 发布时间：2009-07-02 阅读次数： 8培训费用：开班时间：常年开班培训学校：东方学习网 教化询问课程名称：自考-英语一讲义(23)上课地点：Unit 25Text A American Men Dont Cry第一段1
4、.第一行：American men dont cry because it is considered not characteristic of什么的特征 men to do so.美国男人不哭，因为人们认为哭不是男人的特征。2.第二行：Cry is a “weakness characteristic of the female，and no American make wants to be identified with被认为，被理解成为 anything in the least一点、丝毫不weak or feminine.没有一个美国男人情愿被人认为有丝毫懦弱或女人气。3.第四行：
5、Crying动名次放在系动词前作主语，in our culture，is identified with childishness，with weakness and dependence.在我们的文化中，哭被看成是无趣、懦弱和依附的表现。4.第五行：No one likes a crybaby，and we disapprove of 不赞同crying even in children，discouraging劝阻it in them as early as possible.没有人喜爱孩子哭。即使孩子们我们也不赞成他们哭，尽量早劝阻他们哭。5.第七行：In a land so devot
6、ed to致力于、用心于the pursuit of对什么的追求happiness as ours，crying really is rather un-American.在我们这样一个一心追求华蜜的国家里，苦实在不是美国的风格。6.第九行：Adults must learn not to cry in situations in which本句话为定于从句，在关系代词which前用了介词，此处的缘由是由于：which代指situations；介词in放在which前等于in situations，表示在一些状况下 it is permissible for a child to cry.在一
7、些场合，孩子们可以哭，但成年人必需学会做到不哭。7.第十行：Women being the “weakerand “dependentsex，it is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations.本句话为虚拟语气：it is+形容词+that+主语+should可以省略+动词原型女人是懦弱的和依附的性别，他们在某些动情的场合下哭是很自然的。8.最终一行：So goes the American belief with regard to关于、对于crying.So goes sth. 这就是这既是美国人有
8、关哭的信念。第二段1.第一行：impress on sb. 使某人牢记2.第二行：And so we condition males in America not to cry whenever they feel like doing so.Condition sb. to do sth. 使某人出于某种状态、使习惯于、使适应；调教Condition sb. not to do sth. 请留意此处的否认式Feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事 feel like后面加动词的ing形式我们也是这样调教美国男人，不管他们什么时候想哭，都能做到不哭。3.第三行：it is not
9、that，but that不是因为这个缘由，而是因为那个缘由。they are trained not to cry 请留意：否认词被放在非谓语动词to前4.P609第二行：And so the “little man controls his desire to cry and goes on doing so until直到什么时候才 he is unable to cry even when he wants to.Go on to do sth. 接着做某事做不同的事Go on doing sth. 接着做某事做同一件事于是这位小男子汉限制自己哭的愿望，并始终这样接着下去，直到后来甚至
10、想哭的时候也不会哭了。5.P609第九行：be known as 被认为是6.第十行：serve a function for sth. 起作用；as a whole 作为整体7.第十行： Any interference with干预homeostasis is likely to有可能做某事be damaging to对谁造成损害the organism.对体内平衡的任何干扰都可能损害机体。9.最终一行：incapacity to do sth. 没有做某事的实力；capacity to do sth. 有做某事的实力第四段1.第一行：To be human is to weep. 哭是人
11、的天性。2.第一行：The human species is the only one in the whole of animated nature that sheds tears.流泪人类是动物界中唯一能流泪的物种。3.第二行：inability to do sth. 没有做某事的实力；capacity to do sth. 有做某事的实力4.第五行：among other things 除了其他方面；此外5.第七行：If we feel like it，let us all have a good cry-and clear our minds of those cobwebs of
12、confusion which have for so long prevented us from understanding the natural necessity of crying.Clear sth. of sth. 把什么从什么中去除Prevent sb. from doing sth. 组织某人做某事假设我们想哭，就让我们大快朵颐地哭一场，把那些长期阻碍我们认知哭泣这一自然须要的那些陈腐混乱观念从我们的头脑中去除出去。Text B Stop Worrying Now！第一段1.第一行：Worry is one of the most common最常见的，most commo
13、n是common的最高级forms of emotional distress in our culture. 忧虑是精神苦恼在我们文化中最常见的一种表现形式。2.第二行：Almost everyone spends a considerable相当大的，相当多的，相当可观的amount of present moments worrying about the future.Spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事几乎每个人都把如今相当多的时间用于为将来忧虑。3.第四行：Obsessive worry will never make things any用来修饰比较级，表示强
14、调better.过分的忧虑完全于事无补。4.第五行：In fact，such worry will very likely help you to be less effective in dealing with the present.Be effective in sth./doing sth. 有效的做某事Deal with sth. 处理某事事实上，这种忧虑很可能让你在处理如今的事情时成效更小。第二段1.第一行：In order to reduce worry，it is necessary to understand the subconscious psychological “
15、payoffs for choosing to worry in the first place.in order to do sth. 为了做某事it在这里是形式主语，阴影部分是动词不定式作真正的主语payoff for doing sth. 做某事所得到的补偿in the first place 首先为了削减忧虑，首先有必要弄明白人们爱忧虑所能得到的潜意识心里补偿是怎么回事。2.第三行：This is a common lament，and one with a payoff that keeps you standing still and avoiding the risk of ac
16、tion.Keep sb. doing sth. 让某人始终做某事人们普遍这样诉苦，这种诉苦的回报会让你安之假设素，防止贸然行动。3.第五行：Clearly，it is easier，if less rewarding，to worry than to be an active，involved投入的 person.很清晰，假如只求较少回报的话，做一个愁苦忧虑的人比作一个主动投入的人更简洁。第三段1.第一行：By worrying about someone else，you can label yourself as a caring person.Worry about sb. 担忧某人L
17、abel oneself as 把自己算/看成Caring person 关切别人的人你为别人操劳，这样你可以把自己算成关切别人的人。2.第三行：I cant help worrying-its because I love you.Cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事我做不到不为你操劳-因为我爱你。3.第三行：A handsome dividend，although lacking in缺少logical，healthy thinking.这是个相当不错的回报，只不过缺乏符合逻辑的、正常的思维。第四段1.第二行：You have a good reason for hang
18、ing on to the worry behavior.Have a good reason for doing sth. 很有理由做某事Hang on to sth. 接着做某事；紧紧抓住；求助；依靠于；因此你有很好的理由接着忧虑下去。2.第三行：Similarly，you may find yourself smoking more in troublesome situations， and can use the worry to avoid giving up smoking.Find sb. doing sth. 发觉某人做某事这里的doing是作宾语补足语的Avoid doin
19、g sth. 防止做某事avoid后面只能加动词的ing形式同样，你可能发觉你在苦恼的状况下抽烟的更多，你可以用忧虑作口实，不去戒烟。3.第五行：It may be easier for you to worry about chest pains than to risk finding out the truth， and then having to deal directly with yourself.It为形式主语，阴影中的动词不定式是真正的主语Risk doing sth. 冒险做某事risk后面只能加动词的ing形式Deal with oneself 处理自己的问题为胸痛而忧虑
20、比冒险找出病因，然后不得不自己干脆处理自己的问题更简洁做到。第五段1.第二行：While these may not seem to be payoffs，they do result in导致 considerable attention from others and justify much self-pity as well.尽管这不能算回报，但它能引起别人的深切关注并能证明自怜是有道理的。2.P704第二行：And some people would rather be pitied被人怜悯的 than fulfilled充分发挥自己才能的。有些人宁愿被人怜悯也不愿充分发挥自己的才能
21、。Unit 24Text ASaving the Rainforests for Future Generations第一段1.第三行：They are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up加快 the economic growth of the nations in which定于从句，which代指前面的nations，所以in which可以理解为in the nations they are located.雨林被砍伐，其目的是获得宝贵木材和其他资源以加快森林所在国家的经济开展。2.第五行：
22、The most recent figures show that the area of rainforest destroyed过去分词作后置定语，表被动 last year alone仅仅 was bigger than the size of Great Britain and Ireland.最近的数字说明，仅去年一年热带雨林被毁的面积已经大于大不列颠和爱尔兰两国的面积总和。第二段1.第一行：时态题If the present rate of deforestation is allowed to continue， the consequences for the earth wi
23、ll be great.在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用如今时表将来。假如听任如今的这种毁林速度接着下去，给地球带来的后果会很严峻。第三段1.第一行：According to many scientists， the burning of rainforests is also directly contributing to促成 the so-called greenhouse effect.据很多科学家的意见，热带雨林被烧毁还干脆促成所谓的温室效应。第四段1.第一行：medicine chest 医药库；unlimited 无限的2.第二行：The US Nationa
24、l Cancer Institute has identified 2，000 rainforest plants which could be beneficial in对什么有益 fighting cancer.美国国家抗癌协会找到的2000多种雨林植物队战胜癌症可能有益。3.最终一行：derive from 从什么中获得第五段1.第一行：Plant species are not the only forms of life threatened过去分词在名次后作定语，表被动，意思为：受到什么的威逼 with extinction in the rainforest.植物物种并不是热带雨
25、林中唯一受到灭亡威逼的生物。2.最终一行：since the turn of the century 自本世纪初第六段1.第一行：In the face of 面对all these facts， it seems senseless 愚蠢的for countries to continue destroying continue doing sth. 接着做正在做的事their rainforests.面对全部这些事实，哪些国家仍旧接着毁林看来非常愚蠢。2.第三行：The countries in which定语从句，之所以在which前面加了介词in是由于定语从句中有一个词组be loca
26、ted in ：位于什么地方。当定于从句中有动介词组时，正式的用法是把介词放在关系词前 the rainforests are located are all quite poor and overpopulated.雨林所在的国家都非常贫困，人口过多。3.第四行：One of them， Brazil， has a population of 拥有多少人口140 million， about half of whom定语从句关系词代指前面的population are living in absolute poverty.其中之一的巴西就有1.4亿人口，差不多一半的人生活在确定贫困状态之中。
27、4.第五行：The governments in these countries are usually also too weak to太怎么样以致于不能怎样 stop large companies and powerful individuals fromstop sb. from sth./doing sth.阻挡某人做某事 destroying the rainforests.这些国家的政府往往也太懦弱，制止不了大公司和有势力的个人毁坏森林。5.第九行：The governments often have no choice but 仅有 to turn a blind eye. 政
28、府常常别无选择，只能视而不见。第七段1.第一行：The only solution to问题的解决方案 the problem， then， seems to be for the richer countries of the world to help the countries where where在这里等于in whichthe rainforests are located.那么解决问题的唯一方法看来是要靠世界上的富国扶植热带雨林所在的国家。2.第七行：regard sth./sb. as 把某事/某人当作什么；make a living 谋生第八段1.Such programs
29、could teach the local people how to select trees worth exporting worth 后面加动词的ing形式and to cut only those trees down while leaving the rest， so that因此 the basic make-up of the forest would not be disturbed.这些方案可以教会本地人怎样选择值得出口的树木，仅仅砍伐那些树，从而留下其他树木，这样就可保持森林的根本构成不受破坏。2.On the spot 就地自考英语一讲义(22)|深圳自考辅导|自学考
30、试学习资料Unit 21Text A The Language of Uncertainty第一段1.Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language.第一句Spread传播 through our lives thoroughly=在我们的生活中无处不在不确定性在我们的生活中无所不在，以致它支配着我们的语言。2.第二句：is made up in large part of wordsbe made up of 构成；in large part 很大程度上3.第五行：“is l
31、ikely to destroy forever the nation that wages it.Be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事；wage itthe war 发动斗争4.最终一句话：Lacking如今分词作缘由状语，用现分的缘由是主语we可以发出lack的动作 any standard for estimating the probability， we are left with放任 the judgment of the editorial writer.因为我们缺乏任何估计这一可能性的标准，只好听任社论作者去做出推断了。第二段1.第一句：Such verbal
32、 imprecision is not necessarily to be criticized.Be necessarily to do sth. 做某件事情没有太大必要句中采纳了to be criticized是由于主语verbal imprecision言辞的不精确性无法发出criticize指责的动作。这类言辞的不精确性并非确定要受到指责。2.第二句：allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事be out of the question 不行能；不能承受；be out of question 没问题第三段1.最终一句：can not be reduced to sth./
33、sb.be reduced to 转化为第四段1.第一句：pin down sth. 精确说明2.最终一句：compare sb./sth. with sb./sth. 拿某人或某事比照第五段1.First， we find that the number depends， of course， on the items involved.过去分词作后置定语，表示涉及Depend on 依靠；依靠当然，我们首先发觉的是数目确定于涉及的事务。2.第三行：However， unrelated不相关的 areas sometimes show parallel相像、类似 values.然而，同一个词
34、在不相关的领域中有时量值相像。3.第五行：be certain to do sth. 确定做某事4.第六行：signify to sb. 对某人意味着be likely to do sth. 很有可能做某事自考英语一讲义(21)|深圳自考辅导|自学考试学习资料Unit 20Text A You Cant Do It Because It Hurts Nobody搭配：1.Be aware that+从句 意识到2.Range fromto范围从什么到什么3.Vary in degree 程度不同4.Be tolerant of 忍受5.Care about 在意6.Prevent sb. fr
35、om sth./doing sth. 阻挡某人做某事7.When it comes to doing sth. 涉及到，谈到8.A mass of 众多9.End up with 以什么来完毕10.Keep an eye on sb. 留心，留意语言点：1.Custom 风俗、习惯；customs 海关2.In case+句子，表示“假设，万一3.Much less than 这里less是little得比较级，less than是比什么少的意思，much放在比较级前用来强调。4.In addition to breaking the law themselves， people tolera
36、te various levels of crime.6.Most people will find it easier to speed on a highway when everybody else is driving over the speed limit.此句为形式宾语句，形式宾语句的依次如下：主语+谓语+it+名词或形容词+动词不定式to+其他7.We must also wonder whether seeing violence on television or reading动名词作主语 about it in the newspapers every day makes
37、 us tolerate crime more than we should.8.Used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事Be/get/become used to doing sth. 如今习惯于做某事9.They may not mind cheating on taxes. Mind后面须要加动词的ing形式。10.Acceptable 可以承受的11.Have misconception about sth. 对什么有错误的观点12.It is surprising+从句，之所以用surprising而不是surprised是由于它表示某事令某人惊异；surprised更倾向
38、于某人内心自我感到惊异13.10% of Canadians have a criminal record. 语法题：百分比或分数，其后假如是可数名次复数，那么谓语动词用复数；其后假如是不行数名词，谓语动词用单数。Text B Marriage in Iran and America： A Study in Contrasts语言点：1.Though marriage is practiced人们都在做的事 in almost all countries of the world， the customs are qite different from one culture to anoth
39、er.第一自然段第一句：虽然结婚是世界上几乎全部的国家的人们都在做的事情，但结婚的风俗确随文化不同而大相径庭。2.It形式主语 is interesting for me to动词不定式作真正主语 compare the customs of marriage in the United States withcompare sth./sb. with sth./sb.拿什么人或时进展比较those in my country.第一自然段第二行3.Ive lived in the U.S. for four years now， but Im still not comfortable wit
40、h对什么习惯 the customs here.我在美国已经生活了四年，但还是不习惯这里的风俗习惯。4.In fact， what seems strange to me主语从句中缺少主语指事用what is that courting or dating is not always for the purpose of为了什么的目的 finding a husband or wife.第二自然段第二行其实，我觉得惊奇的是，求爱或者约会的目的并非总是为了找丈夫或者妻子。5.Do sth. as a hobby 把做什么当作习惯6.翻译题：They seem to have a lot of f
41、reedom to decide and do what they want.第三自然段第二行它们有很大的自由来确定和做自己想做的事。7.Do sth. without the knowledge of sb. 做某事而不让某人知晓8.In fact， I have known several friends who got married结婚 without even telling动名词作介词宾语 their parents or other family members.9.Wedding ceremony 结婚典礼10.A prepared speech 准备好的演讲11.Be wil
42、ling to do sth. 情愿做某事12.If they both say “yes， and nobody attending如今分词做后置定语 the wedding stands up to object站起身反对， they are declared “man and wife.第四自然段倒数第四行假如双方都说同意，并且出席婚礼的人当中也没人站起来反对，就宣布他们为夫妻自考英语一讲义(20) |深圳自考辅导|自学考试学习资料Unit 19Text A Animals at Risk： Who Cares？搭配：1.Keep pace with 跟上步伐2.Compete with
43、 及谁竞争3.Threat to sb./sth. 对某人或某事构成威逼4.Be claim to be 声称5.Be concerned about 对什么感到很担忧6.Look after 照看7.Be armed with 装备语言点：1.An animal species becomes虽然species是以s结尾，但此处该词跟在冠次an后，还是单数，所以谓语become用了单数 extinct when it fails to produce enough young in each generation to keep pace with the death rate.2.Bett
44、er-adapted 更能适应环境的3.A number of examples can be given of the way in which定于从句之所以用in which，是因为in the way表示以某种方式 natural environments are being rapidly changed.4.Likelihood 可能性5.Because表示因为是连词，后面应当接句子；because of 表示因为是介词短语，后加名词或代词。6.Providedthat+从句，表示假如7.There is great pleasure in watching wildlife in natural or near-natural environments.Text B The killer Smogs搭配：1.Be filled with 充溢2.Be caused by 由什么引起的3.Turn into 转变成4.Combine sth./sb. with 把什么结合在一起5.Be blown away 被吹走6.Be due to sb./sth./doing sth. 因为7.Breath in 呼进语言点：1.Fogn.雾-foggyadj.雾的2.The first reported event 第一个被报道的事3.Ol