初一英语知识点1.docx

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1、Unit 1 词语笔记forget【展示】1. Lily never wants to forget such a good friend. 莉莉恒久也不想遗忘这样一个好挚友。2. I forgot to take my English book yesterday. 我昨天遗忘带我的英语课本了。3. I forgot taking my English book yesterday. 我遗忘昨天已经带了我的英语课本。【总结】forget用作动词,意为“遗忘;遗忘”; _表示“遗忘去做某事 (还没有做)”,如例2;而forget doing sth表示“遗忘做过了某事(已经做过)”,如_。Ke

2、ys: forget to do sth; 例3remain【展示】1. The price of this book remains very expensive. 这本书的价钱仍旧很贵。2. Lily remains my best friend many years later.多年后,莉莉仍旧是我最好的挚友。3. He remained in Beijing for three months last year.他去年在北京逗留了三个月。【总结】remain用作系动词,意为“仍旧是;保持不变”,其后可以跟形容词和 _,如例1和例2;remain用作不及物动词时,意为“_”,如例3。Ke

3、ys:名词;逗留【运用】 依据汉语意思,完成句子。3. 三年后,李教师仍旧很美丽。Miss Li _ _ _ three years later.4. 我认为你如今必需留在上海。 I think that you must _ _Shanghai now.encourage【展示】l. My parents often encourage me in my studying. 在学习上,父母常常鼓励我。2. My sister encourages me to sing a song in the party. 我的姐姐鼓励我在派对上唱一首歌。3. Before the competition

4、, I really need my friends encouragement. 竞赛前,我真的须要挚友们的鼓励。【总结】encourage用作动词,意为“鼓励;鼓励”,后面可以跟sb,还可以形成固定的搭配_,表示“鼓励某人做某事”,如例1和例2。它的名词形式是_,如例3。Keys: encourage sb to do sth; encouragement 依据汉语意思,完成句子。5. 妈妈鼓励我去这所高校学习。 Mum _ me _ _ in this university.6. 这个故事鼓励了我很长一段时间。 The story_ _ for a long time.短语保藏夹(Phr

5、ase collection)Unit 1 短语聚会1. as well除之外;也2. take care of 照看;照料3. tell jokes 讲笑话4. make fun of 嘲再;取笑5. be strict about . 对要求严格6. give up放弃7. go to work上班8. all day and all night夜以继日操练场: 依据句意从上面选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空,补全句子。1. Jack is a funny boy. He likes to _ very much.2. When we meet difficulties, the teac

6、her always asks us not to _. 3. I think it is not good to _ these poor children.4. My parents will go out, and I need to _ my little sister.5. When I was young, my brother _ my maths.6. Lily wants to watch this new movie, and I want to see it _.7. The boss asked them to work _.句型导航(Sentence guide)1.

7、 Her dishes were probably the best in the world!【解析】“the+形容词的最高级”表示“最”,如the biggest,the tallest,the smallest等等,其后常跟名词。在上面的句子中,the best在整个句子中做表语。例如:Her cakes maybe the nicest in the world.她的蛋糕可能是世界上最美味的。It is probably the smallest cat in the world.它可能是世界上最小的猫。2. Mr Li is strict about our study, but h

8、e always encourages us and gives us support.【解析】be strict about表示“对要求严格”,后面常跟sth,而be strict with后面常跟sb,表示“对某人要求严格”。例如:The teacher is strict about our English.教师对我们的英语要求严格。My parents are strict with me very much.我父母对我要求很严格。【跟踪练习】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。1. 这本书中的故事是世界土最好玩的。 The stories in this book are_ _ _ in th

9、e world.2. 高教师对我们的作业要求很严格。 Mr Gao _ _ _ our homework very much.语法运用(Grammar in use )冠词“the”的用法【意义】 定冠词用以特指人或事物,表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中特定的一个,以区分于同类中其他的人或事物,它可以和单、复数名词连用,也可以和不行数的名词连用。【详细用法】特指某(些)人或某(些)物。Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。指上文已经提到的人或事物。Lucy has a small room. And she keeps a cat in the roo

10、m.露西有一个小房子,她在小房子里面养了一只猫。指世界上独一无二的事物。the sun太阳the Earth地球the moon月球用在序数词、形容词最高级前。The fist class begins at eight in the morning第一节课早上八点开场。用在由一般名词构成的专知名词前。the Great wall长城,the Summer Palace颐和园用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人。the rich富人the poor穷人the old老人the young年轻人用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。The Smiths are watching TV. 斯密

11、斯一家正在看电视。用在方位词前。Shengzhen is in the south of China. 深圳在中国的南部。用在乐器名称前。play the piano弹钢琴play the guitar弹吉他用在表示海洋、河流、山脉、群岛及国家名词前。the East China Sea东海the Huai River淮河the USA美国用在某些固定词组中。all the time 始终all the year round 一年到头in the end最终Section D (For Writing)【写作目的】 假设你是刘薇,是西安某中学的一名初一学生。暑假即将降临,你的英国笔友Jack写

12、信告知你他准备下个月来西安观光巡游,盼望你能给他简洁介绍一下西安。要求:按下列提示写一篇60-80词的信进展介绍。提示:1西安位于中国的西北部;2历史悠久,有许多风景名胜,如兵马俑(Terra-cotta Warriors)、钟楼(Bell Tower)、大雁塔(Big Wild Goose Pagoda)等;3有各种各样美味的食物;4气候暖和:5每年成千上万的人前来巡游。【写作步骤】审题(一)首先应留意这是一封信件,因此应留意书信的格式。(二)留意时态。由于是介绍一般性的事物,所以全文应以一般如今时为主。(三)初步成形。可以依据给出的中文提示先用简短的句子表达出来。(四)连句成文。依据写出的

13、句子适当扩展,使文章通顺、流畅。联想:写作本篇作文须要的词汇、短语和句型词汇:north-west, history, food, weather, visit短语:places of interest, such as, all kinds of, hundreds and thousands of组句成文_Dear Jack, As the capital of Shaanxi Province, Xian city is in the north-west of China. It has a very long history and there are many places of

14、interest in Xian, such as Terra-cotta Warriors, Bell Tower and Big Wild Goose Pagoda. Xian is famous for all kinds of delicious food. The weather in Xian is warm. Every year, hundreds and thousands of visitors from all over the world come to visit Xian. I hope one day we can visit it together! Yours

15、, Liu Wei【一展身手】 假设你是Linda,你来自美国,如今在上海做交换生。你在美国的挚友Mike对上海很新奇,来信请你介绍一下上海。请你给他回一封信,要求不少于70词。提示:1上海位于中国东部; 2上海是一个现代化大都市,也是一个国际化的城市; 3上海市民很友好; 4上海有许多风景名胜,例如:外滩,东方电视塔,金茂大厦,豫园等。_B2版词语点将台(Word power)Unit 2 词语笔记lie【展示】1. Beijing lies in the north of China. 北京位于中国的北部。2. The small town lies about two miles to

16、the east of us. 这个小镇坐落在我们以东约两英里的地方。3. He is an honest boy, and he never lies to others. = He is an honest boy, and he never tells lies.【总结】lie可以用作动词和名词。用作动词时,意为“位于;说谎”,当“位于”讲时,是不及物动词,后接宾语时,要及介词连用,如例1和例2;在例3中,构成短语“_”,表示“对某人说谎”;用作名词时,意为“说谎”,构成短语“_”。Keys: lie to sb; tell lies【运用】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。1. 超市位于市中心

17、。 The supermarket _ _ the centre of the city.2. 莉莉对教师说谎了。 Lily_ _ the teacher.prefer【展示】1. I prefer tea to coffee.比起咖啡我更喜爱茶。2. Mary prefers dancing to singing. 比起唱歌玛丽更喜爱跳舞。3. He prefers to play badminton.他更喜爱打羽毛球。【总结】prefer用作动词,意为“_”,构成短语“preferto”,表示“比起更喜爱”,如例1和例2;还可以构成短语“_”,表示“更喜爱做某事”,如例3。Keys: 更喜

18、爱; prefer to do sth【运用】依据汉语提示,完成句子。3. 比起漫步,杰克更喜爱跑步。 Jack _ running _ walking.4. 杰瑞更喜爱学习新事物。 Jerry _ _ learn new things.finish【展示】1. She finished her homework at 9 oclock last night. 她昨晚上九点做完作业。2. My sister did not finish speaking until 2:30 yesterday afternoon. 我姐姐直到昨天下午两点半才完成她的演讲。【总结】finish用作动词,意为“

19、_”,后接名词,如例1;构成短语“_”,表示“完成做某事”,如例2。Keys: 完成; finish doing sth【运用】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。5. 他是最终一个完成工作的。 He is the last one to _ _ _.6. 十年前,他就完成了他的著作。 Ten years ago, he _ his writing.短语保藏夹(Phrase collection)Unit 2 短语聚会1. Western Europe 西欧 2. places of interest 名胜3. department store 百货商店4. (be) famous for 以而著名5.

20、 in the centre of 在中心6. prefer to do sth 更喜爱做某事7. try doing sth 尝试做某事8. be close to接近于9. be different from 不同于10. go on holiday 去度假11. go sightseeing 去观光操练场: 依据句意,从上面选择适当的短语,并用其正确形式填空,补全句子。1. There are many daily products in the _. 2. Although I cant speak English well, I _ it well all the time.3. T

21、here are many developed countries in _.4. The summer holiday is coming, and we will _ to Lijiang.5. Xian _ its delicious snacks. 句型导航(Sentence guide)1. This year, why not visit France【解析】Why not do sth意为“为什么不?”例如:Why not get up early= Why dont you get up early为什么不早点起床呢?Why not go on a picnic this we

22、ekend= Why dont you go on a picnic this weekend为什么这周不去野餐呢?2. It is not only beautiful, but also strange it leans to one side. 【解析】“not onlybut also”意为“不但而且”,例如:Lucy is not only my sister but also my best friend.露西不但是我的妹妹还是我最好的挚友。He is not only a teacher but also a football player.他不仅是一位教师还是一名足球运发动。3

23、. Today, it is known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa. 【解析】be known as意为“作为而知名”,它的后面可以跟表示某种职业或某物的名词。例如:He is known as a writer.他作为作家而知名。 Jolin is known as a singer.蔡依林作为歌星而知名。【跟踪练习】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。1. 为什么不去购物呢? _ go shopping2. 我哥哥不仅会唱歌还会跳舞。My brother can _ dance _ sing.3. 章子怡作为一个电影明星知名。 Zhang Ziyi _ a movie

24、 star.语法运用(Grammar in use )专知名词之聚会专知名词的定义: 专知名词表示特定的人名、地名或组织机构的名称,专知名词一般具有独一性。除个别外,专知名词通常没有复数形式。例如:1人名、地名:Jenny珍妮Smith史密斯China中国Asia亚洲London伦敦2组织机构、时间、书籍报刊等的名称: the United Nations结合国 Bank of China中国银行May五月份 Sunday星期天 Time时代周刊 the Guardian卫报3家庭关系名称、个人头衔: Mum妈妈 Grandpa爷爷 Doctor Black布莱克医生 Captain Grey

25、格雷船长 Mr Hopkins霍普金斯先生 Miss White怀特小姐专知名词的留意事项:1因为专知名词具有专有独一性,所以一般状况下,专知名词的第一个字母要大写,不能在专知名词的前面加上不定冠词“a”,也不能在专知名词词尾加上表示复数形式的“s”。如:Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。但是有时专知名词可以转化成为一般名词,转化后它就具有一般名词的特性了,即可以在其前面加上不定冠词“a”,在其词尾加上表示复数形式的“-s”。以下是专知名词转化成可数一般名词的例子:A Mr Green called you just now.刚刚有位格林先生给你

26、打了 。(此时a Mr Green =a man called Mr Green)I knew a John Lennon, but not the famous one.我相识一个叫约翰菜农的人,但不是著名的那一位。There are three Johns in this class.这个班里有三个叫约翰的人。(此时three Johns= three persons called John)2姓氏是专知名词,一般没有复数形式,而且也不能加定冠词“the”。但是,当姓氏的前面加定冠词“the”,在后面加上“-s”,表示“一家人”。如: The Smiths are watching TV

27、in the dinning room.史密斯一家正在客厅看电视。3有些专知名词外表上看是复数形式,但是在实际运用中谓语动词通常采纳单数形式。如: The United Nations was organized in 1945.结合国是1945年组建起来的?【实战演练】翻译下列短语。1美国_2巴黎_3格林一家_4中国日报_5布朗夫人_Unit 3 词语笔记mean【展示】1. What does this word mean 这个单词是什么意思?2. Mary means to go on holiday in Hainan. 玛丽准备去海南度假。3. Losing the match me

28、ans failing. 输掉了竞赛意味着失败。4. Her mother is very mean with money. 她妈妈在金钱方面很吝啬。【总结】mean作动词讲时,意为“_”如例1;可以构成短语“_”,表示“准备做某事”,如例2;mean doing表示“意味着”,如例3;mean还可以作形容词,意为“_”,如例4。Keys: 表示的意思;mean to do sth;吝啬的【运用】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。1. 张叔叔很吝啬。 Uncle Zhang is _ _.2. 不说话意味着放弃。 Not speaking _ _ _.allow【展示】1. His parents d

29、ont allow him to go out at night. 他父母不允许他晚上外出。2. We do not allow speaking aloud in the hall. 大厅里不允许大声说话。3No dogs allowed. 不准携狗入内。【总结】allow作动词讲时,意为“允许”,可构成短语“_”,表示“允许某人做某事”,如例1;还可以构成短语“_”表示“允许做某事”,如例2;allow还可以意为“_”,如例3。Keys:allow sb to do sth;允许进入(或出去、通过)【运用】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。3不允许取笑别人。 Making fun of other

30、s is not _.4我妈妈不允许我和生疏人说话。 My mother doesnt _ _ _ talk with strangers.apologize【展示】1. He lost my book, so he apologized to me. 他弄丢了我的书,所以他给我致歉。2. Kerry apologized for coming late. 凯莉为迟到而致歉。3. She received a letter of apology. 她收到了一封致歉信。【总结】apologize作动词讲时,意为“致歉”,可以构成短语“_”,表示“向某人致歉”,如例1;还可以构成短语“_”,表示“

31、因为某事而致歉”,如例2;其名词形式为“_”,如例3。Keys:apologize to sb; apologize for sth; apology【运用】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。5你必需向你姐姐致歉。 You must _ _ your sister.6莉莉因为缺席会议而致歉。 Lily _ _ not attending the meeting.短语保藏夹 Phrase collectionUnit 3 短语聚会 1. arrive at到达 2. by oneself单独 3. lead (sb) to带着(某人)到 4. fall asleep入睡 5. wake up醒来 6.

32、get down蹲下;趴下7. next to紧挨着 8. fire engine消防车9. go to swim去游泳 10. move towards接近11. far away遥远 12. push away推开 13. follow sb跟随某人 14. swim away游走 15. save ones life救某人的命操练场: 依据句意,从上面选择适当的短语,并用其正确形式填空,补全句子。1. The thief is _ the old couple.2. The supermarket is too _, so I have to go there by bus.3. The

33、 girl _ her mother _, because they were quarreling just now.4. Tim worked for a long time and he felt very tired, so he _ quickly.5. He _ at 6 oclock every morning.6. The guide _ us _ many places of interest.7. The little boy _ and picked his book up.8. When the fire happened, the _ came soon.语法运用Gr

34、ammar in use 今日,咱们来理解一下代词家族中的一名成员:反身代词。反身代词又称为自身代词,表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用,用以加强语气。【粉墨登场】 英语中共有八个反身代词,在运用时应留意和其所指对象在人称、性别、数上保持一样。其根本形式如下表所示:第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法呈现】1可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个人或事物。如: Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了

35、一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves well. 我们必需照看好自己。2可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如: She isnt quite herself today. 她今日有点不舒适。3可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。如: She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week.我上周见到了那位作家本人。4用在某些固定短语当中。如: look after oneself/ take care of o

36、neself照看自己 teach oneself sthlearn sth by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得兴奋;过得开心 help oneself to sth随意吃喝些 say to oneself自言自语 lose oneself in沉醉于;沉醉于之中 leave sb by oneself把某人单独留下【温馨提示】 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用、如:我自己能完成作业。(误)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework.I can finish my

37、homework myself.【实战演练】 用适宜的反身代词填空。1. Dont be nervous, and just enjoy _ (you).2. He learnt to play the guitar by _ (he).3. She goes to school _ (her).4. My parents are not in, so I must look after _ (I).5. They always like talking to _ (they).句型导航 Sentence guide1. With Charlies help, John put some we

38、t towels along the bottom of the door.【解析】with ones help意为“在的扶植下”。例如:With Janes help, I finished my homework quickly.在简的扶植下,我很快就完成了我的作业。With the teachers help, we made a big cake.在教师的扶植下,我们做了一个大蛋糕。2. A fireman arrived and got him out of the building, but the fireman did not want to take Charlie.【解析】

39、get sb out of.意为“使某人从出来”。例如:The police got the man out of danger.警察从险境中救出了这个人。My mum got me out of my room.我妈妈让我从房间里出来。3. As soon as I stepped onto the beach, the dolphin swam away.【解析】as soon as意为“一就”。例如:As soon as I get home, I will call you.我一回到家就给你打 。As soon as she could walk, her father took he

40、r to the park.她刚会走路,她爸爸就带她去公园。【跟踪练习】 依据汉语提示,完成句子。1在我哥哥的扶植下,我学会了游泳。 _, I learned to swim.2罗斯让他儿子从教室里出来。 Rose _ her son _ the classroom.3教师一来我们就不说话了。 _ the teacher arrived, we stopped talking.Unit 4词语笔记discuss【展示】1. I want to discuss with you about this problem.关于这个问题,我想和你探讨一下。2. We need to discuss wh

41、ere we shall go this weekend. 我们须要探讨一下周末去哪儿。3. We should have a discussion about this project. 我们必需探讨一下这个工程。【总结】discuss用作动词,意为“探讨;商议”; _ 表示“及某人探讨”,如例1;而discuss后面也可以跟从句,如例2;其名词形式是_。Keys: discuss with sb; discussion【运用】 依据汉语意思,完成句子。1我昨天和莉莉商议了一下我们的安排。 I _ _ Lily about our plan yesterday.2我们须要商议一下什么时候去上海。 We need to _ _ we shall go to Shanghai.fight【展示】1. We shouldnt fight at school. 我们在学校不能打架。2. The soldiers fight for freedom

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