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1、TEM4-英语专业四级语法词汇+答案详解03-132013年51. Facing the board of directors, he didnt deny _ breaking the agreement. A. him B. it C. his D. its 解析：动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语，一般可以用名词全部格Toms，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语状况下一般用物主代词his，their。本题选C。52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) _. A.
2、appositive (同位语) B. object C. adverbial D. complement. 解析：这些一般语法书也会提到，但是题目里的都不是这种现象，很多语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。好在这本书多介绍了一点，但状况很微妙。此书又说 More problematic is the constituent following other verbs that could be used intransitively with the same meaning, as in: Saint Ethelbert was born a Saxon princess. (she wa
3、s born) He returned a broken man. (he returned) He died young. (he died) We shall consider such constituents as Complements on the strength of the possible paraphrase containing be (When he returned he was a broken man; When he died he was young). 这局部恰好就是本题所代表的类型，但是从该书作者表述来看，他们也成认这样的句子很不一般，不太简洁轻易断定是
4、否为主语补语，在本书里，作者认为可以看作是主语补语，因为或容许以改写成含有系动词be的句子，但作者的措辞明显没有那么确定，有待商榷的意思。据此，本题可以选D，是主语补足语。 53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词) A. Nonsmoker B. Deadline C. Meanness D. Misfit 解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。A compound is a word that consists of more than one free morpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，其最大的特点是不能再被
5、分割为更小的音义结合体。而free morpheme是指能独立存在运用的词素，bound morpheme则是必需依附于其他单位的词素，比方前缀后缀属于bound morpheme，如pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，ship就是free morpheme，-ment则是bound。因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个free morpheme构成（dead + line），其他三个都有Bound morpheme比方non, ness, mis-等。54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood
6、 A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 oclock. B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro. C. Walk straight ahead, and dont turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.解析: subjunctive mood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属
7、于虚拟语气用法，其中that从句里省略了should。 55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT _. A. more B. enough C. many D. such 解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，each等用法原委如何还是渴望大家多翻阅语法书与词典。这道题看似有点难度，或许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数与不行数名词，但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了，比方more mon
8、ey, more trees; enough money, enough trees; many money, many trees; such big trees, such behavior.所以选C。 56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST A. She opened the door and quietly went in. B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports. C. Think it over again and youll get an answer.
9、D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I dont like this. 解析：首先要明白and不确定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示递进；只有B里的and表示比照。 57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词) A. Much B. Neither C. One D. Quarter 解析：所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语，避开重复的词，英语里one, ones,(the)same等都是常见的。比方There are good fi
10、lms as well as bad ones.除此以外还有the kind, the sort，比方Slang disappears quickly, especially the juvenile sort.还有一些不定代词等比方all, both, some, any enough, several, none, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, the other, others, another, either, neither等，比方Can you get me some nails I need some. I dont want any more
11、 food. Ive had enough. 本题选D, quarter不是名词替代词。 58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT _. A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four. B. The President is coming to the UN next week, C. The school pupils will be home by now. D. He is going to email me the necessary
12、information. 解析：这道题既考察时态，又考察will的用法，A/B/D都是将来时的各种表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标记，其实不然，因为与by now冲突，这里will的用法是指you think something is true，表说话人自己的看法，比方That will be Tim coming home now; Ask anyone and they will tell you the same thing. 本题选C。 59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT A. Polit
13、ics are the art or science of government. B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me. C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged. 解析：本题考察主谓一样（agreement/concord）。ten miles看作整体单数，mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不行数名词；furniture在英语里是不行数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(political s
14、cience)，是不行数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看作不行数名词，也可以看作复数，比方Politics have always interested me. 本题选A。 60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship A. The arrival of the tourists B. The law of Newton C. The occupation of the island D. The plays of Oscar Wilde 解析
15、：章振邦的书拿到手后果真觉察了他的讲解，根本就是原句。第五版的55页，名词属格与of-词组一节说：名词属格与of-词组在意义与用法上有很多一样之处，比方the trunk of an elephant=an elephants trunk，表示主谓关系有the arrival of the prime minister;表示动宾关系 the occupation of the Island;表来源 the law of Newton。因此据此本题选A。但我要吐槽的是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到，就这种主谓关系，动宾关系的说法我就不太同意，因为所谓词组的主谓关系与动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法
16、，英语里说主谓自然指的是句子，一个名词短语何来主谓之说？ 61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive A. He is not the man to draw back. B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie. C. Larry has a large family to support. D. There is really nothing to fear. 解析：不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时，不定式与名词之间的搭配关系是主谓A中的the man draw b
17、ack，也可以是C与D的动宾to fear nothing, to support family；有时候也是同为关系,比方urge(冲动)的内容就是指to tell a lie扯谎，故为同位语。62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence A. Let me drive you home, shall I B. You will mind your own business. C. Come and have dinner with us. D. I wish you could stay behind. 解析：除了干脆用动词
18、打头，Do/Dont，You/其他唤名+动词, let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。更常见的应当是You mind your own business。假设说You will mind your own business是祈使句，那么You will see him now岂不是也是祈使句？这明显说不通。其实You will mind your own business要有祈使句功能，还跟语气语调有很大关系，应当念成You WILL mind your own business! 而不是YOU will mind your own business.63. If it _ tomorro
19、w, the match would be put off. A. were to rain B. was to rain C. was raining D. had rained 解析：最经典的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应中选A. 64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact A. Mary and her son must be home by now. B. Careless reading must give poor results. C. Its getting late, and I must leave now.
20、D. He must be working late at the office. 解析：尽管C里的must是表示主观必需（C只有前半句是fact，后半句谈不上什么事实）。问题在于如何理解B的must。在English Grammar: A University Course一书里有一节谈到must的logical necessity用法问题，作者说在英式英语里有用must表示逻辑上的必定如此，尽管美国人更宠爱用have to。比方 If Jane is Pats sister and Jill is Janes daughter, Pat must be Jills aunt.此时Pat m
21、ust be Jills aunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句Pat is Jills aunt.如此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必定， Careless reading must give poor results.与Careless reading gives poor results.还是不一样的。用must表示必定，也是一种推想或推断，其口气最为确定，一般用于确定陈述句”由此来看，再如何确定那也是一种推断，不是fact。 65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT _. A. remain B. turn C. write
22、 D. knock 解析：动态动词是指可以持续持续动作的，比方hit，run等，相反的则是Stative Verb静态动词，比方know.如今进展时是常见检验手段。你不能说I am knowing the answer，只能说I know the answer，因此know是静态动词。同理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，其他都是动态动词。 66. _ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected. A. Adhering B. Adopting C. Adjusting D. Acquainting 解析：这
23、题没啥好说的，适应学校生活 adjust to school life，选C。 67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _. A. dull B. boring C. long D. hard 解析： dreary指dull，选A。但有词典指出boring也是近义词，外教也表示AB均可。所以B也是对的 68. At last nights party Larry said something that I though was
24、beyond me. The underlined part means _. A. I was unable to do B. I couldnt understand C. I was unable to stop D. I couldnt tolerate 解析：be beyond somebody指to be too difficult for someone to understand.故选B。 2012年51. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT A. Twenty miles seems like a long walk t
25、o him. B. No one except his supporters agree with him. C. Neither Julia nor I were going to the party. D. Few students in my class are really lazy. 51. D. 本题为句意理解题。句中的斜体字局部from excessive reading是眼睛红的缘由，故选D。句意：由于看书太多，她的眼睛红了。 52. Which of the following determiners(限定词) can be placed before both singul
26、ar count nouns and plural count nouns A. many a B. few C. such D. the next 52. A. 考察情态动词。must用在确定句中表示较有把握的推想，意为“确定”。当must后接完成时的时候，表示对已发生的事情的推想。根据句意，此处应当为有把握的推想，故选A。句意：南希去上班了，但她的车还在那儿。她确定是坐公交车去的。53. Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词) is used as an appositive(同位语) A. He promised himself r
27、apid progress. B. The manager herself will interview Mary. C. I have nothing to say for myself. D. They quarreled themselves red in the face. 53. D. 考察惯用构造。enough to do sth.是惯用构造，enough前必需有其他形容词或副词。句意：他感到自己还没有强壮到可以去国外旅行。54. My boss ordered that the legal documents _ to him before lunch. A. be sent B
28、. were sent C. were to be sent D. must be sent 54. C. 考察宾语从句。本句中after后须要一个宾语从句，该宾语从句缺主语，因此须要一个作主语的连接代词。只有what可以在宾语从句中充当主语，故选C。句意：在经过好像漫长的等待后，轮到他进入人事经理的办公室了。55. Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS A. By now she will be eating dinner. B. I shall never do that again. C. My brother wi
29、ll help you with the luggage. D. You shall get a promotion.55. B. 考察状语从句。as用作连此时，与though的意义一样，而从句中的实义动词或系动词后的形容词需提早。本句中fool是形容词，位于句首，符合as引导让步状语从句的运用条件，故选B。句意：杰瑞再愚蠢也不行能做出这样的事儿。56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT A. How strange feelings they are! B. How dare you speak to me like that! C.
30、 What noise they are making! D. What a mess we are in! 56. C. 本题为句意表达题。不定代词each在句中可以作主语、宾语、定于与同位语，用作同位语时，each可以用在代词之后。选项A、B、D均符合语法要求，故选C。57. Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject A. We never doubt that her brother is honest. B. The problem is not who will go but who will stay. C. You
31、must give it back to whoever it belongs to. D. It is clear that the crime was done deliberately. 57. B. 考察反意疑问句。本句中含有否认含义的副词seldom，故反意时用确定形式does she。选项A的not与seldom冲突；选项C与D中的would与句中的goes不吻合。故选B。句意：她很少去剧院，是吗？58. Which of the italicized parts functions as an object A. He doesnt like the idea of my spe
32、aking at the meeting. B. It is no use your pretending not to know the matter. C. My parents strongly object to my going out alone at night. D. Her falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip. 58. D. 本题为句意理解题。从句意可以推断，这里的head of the department与an expert in translation说的都是Dr. Johnson，可见两局部之
33、间是并列关系，故选D。句意：约翰逊博士是系主任，翻译专家。59. All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPT _. A. She bought herself a pair of new shoes B. Only one problem still remainsthe food C. My friends all understand and support me D. She liked her current job, teaching English 59. C. 考察代词。本句为主从复合句，其中时间状语从句的主语为on
34、e，因此主句中对应的代词应当用he，故选C。句意：一个人身体安康时应当感到幸运。 60. Which of the following best explains the meaning of “Shall we buy the tickets first” A. He said that we were going to buy the tickets first. B. He requested that we buy the tickets first. C. He suggested that we buy the tickets first. D. He advised us to
35、buy the tickets first. 60. A. 考察虚拟语气。形容词为necessary，important，impossible，strange，natural，essential等时，在“It + be + 形容词或过去分词 + 主语从句”构造中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选A。句意：他必需按时交作业。 61. Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause A. I got a job as soon as I left university. B. As there was
36、no answer, I wrote again. C. You must do the exercises as I show you. D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man. 61. D. 本题为句子成分题。在Its no use waiting for her中，it为形式主语，句子真正的主语是动名词短语waiting for her，故选D。A意为“宾语”，B意为“状语”，C意为“补语”。62. Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverb
37、ial A. Are you sure of Simons disappearance B. The man with a beard is talking to the manager. C. Every precaution was taken against the failure of the plan. D. Despite the rain, everyone enjoyed the trip. 62. C. 考察限定词排序。限定词的互相搭配关系为：前位+中位+后位。四个选项中，只有C中的Many his为“后位+中位”，不符合限定词的互相搭配关系，故选C。 63. A: Moth
38、er, you promised to take me out. B: Well, _ A. so I did! B. so did I. C. so I do! D. so do I. 63. A. 本题为句子成分题。宾语后面加上一个词或一个短语用来对宾语的特征、状态等状况进展补充说明，这个成分称之为宾语补足语。它与前面的宾语一起形成“复合宾语”，宾语与宾语补足语之间存在一种逻辑上的主谓关系。选项A中的manager与宾语John之间存在逻辑主谓关系，故为宾语补足语。而选项B、C、D中的动词后面都是双宾语。 64. Which of the following prepositional p
39、hrases is an adverbial of concession A. They used the box for keeping treasures. B. I stepped aside for her to get in first. C. For all that he seems to dislike me, I still like him. D. The parents bought a birthday cake for their son. 64. D. 本题为句意表达题，考察的是副词作状语的用法。选项D中的yet用于否认句与疑问句，而原句为陈述句，故选D。65. W
40、hich of the following sentences is INCORRECT A. Poultry are very expensive in the city. B. New machinery were introduced in the factory. C. The police are investigating the murder case. D. The militia were called out to rescue flood victims. 65. B. 考察非谓语动词。本句中缺失主语。动名词短语作主语时，通常用于表示一件已知的事或阅历。不定式短语通常用来
41、表示一件未完成的事或目的。本句中“长得不高”是一件已知的事情，所以选择动名词短语作主语，表示否认意义，not要放在动名词前面，故选B。句意：长得不高不该成为生活与工作中的一个严峻缺乏之处。66. The girl cannot come to school today on account of the flu. The underlined part means _. A. concerning B. because of C. as to D. for 66. B. 考察名词辨析。Contradiction意为“冲突”，指比拟抽象的，在观点、意见上的冲突；conflict意为“冲突”，比冲
42、突猛烈，且可以是针锋相对的，公开的。由句中的never got on well in work可以推断，两人积怨已深，personality conflict指“性格冲突”，故选B。句意：由于性格冲突，这两个同事在工作上从未相处融洽过。67. Mary and John are busy looking for a hotel for their wedding _. A. medal B. snack C. refreshment D. banquet 67. D. 考察固定搭配。hang out意为“出外玩儿、闲逛”；hang about意为“逗留，彷徨”；hang on意为“握住不放，坚
43、持，不挂断”；hang over意为“持续，威逼”。故选D。句意：暑假时，孩子们常常被看到在街上闲玩儿。68. Mini-skirts first _ in the 1960s. A. caught out B. caught in C. caught on D. caught up 68. C. 本题为名词辨析题。spectator意为“观众”；viewer意为“电视观众、检查员”；participants意为“参加者”；onlooker意为“旁观者”。句中提到的是international conference，明显应当指参会者，故选C。句意：今年夏天，有150人出席该国际会议。69. T
44、hat outburst at the meeting was _ of his bad temper. A. illustrative B. explanatory C. expository D. revealing 69. B. 本题为形容词辨析题。这里须要一个副词来修饰形容词cold。只有选项B中的bitter是副词，有“极其”之意，a bitter cold day表示“极其寒冷的一天”，故选B。severe意为“严峻的”，frozen意为“冰冻的”，故解除。若用such的话，应为such a cold day，故解除。句意：学校在二月份的一个酷寒天开学了。70. The earth
45、quake refugees are _ for food and blankets. A. desirous B. ambitious C. seriously off D. badly off 70. D. 本题为形容词辨析题。decisive意为“坚决的”，句中的quick与decisive构成近义关系，符合语义连接关系，故选D。determining是determine的如今分词，不能用作形容词；defensive意为“防卫的，保卫的“；demanding意为“要求高的，吃力的”。均不符合句意，故解除。句意：面对意想不到的困难，他显示了快速坚决实行行动的才能。71. When Lind
46、a heard the good news she tried to sound casual, but her excitement was obvious. The underlined word means _. A. uncaring B. disinterested C. without plan D. without warning 71. A. 本题为副词辨析题。Lately意为“近来”，是用于完成时的一个时间状语，与句中的如今完成进展时吻合，故选A。句意：该小组最近始终加班进展该工程探讨。 72. Most Chinese people went to work by bike within living _. A. mind B. knowledge C. memory D. scope 72. C. 本题为形容词辨析题。motionless意为“不动的，静止的”，immobile意为“不动的，静止的，固定的”，inactive意为“不活动的，怠惰的”