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1、英语简单句基本句型马慧敏 句句子子结结构构分分类类 简单句简单句 Simple Sentences 含有一个主语（或并含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子并列谓语）的句子 并列句并列句 Compound Sentences 包含两个或两个以上包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子且句子之主谓结构的句子且句子之间有并列连词间有并列连词and/but等或等或用分号连接用分号连接 复合句复合句 Complex Sentences 包含一个主句和一个包含一个主句和一个从句或一个主句和多个从从句或一个主句和多个从句的句子，且从句用从属句的句子，且从句用从属连词引导连词
2、引导1. He learns German. 2. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.3. We sang and danced yesterday evening.4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at five in the afternoon. （一个主语和并列谓语一个主语和并列谓语）（并列主语和并列谓语并列主语和并列谓语）（并列主语和一个谓语并列主语和一个谓语）（一个主语和一个谓语一个主语和一个谓语）主谓主谓
3、 They are working hard.（）（）主谓宾主谓宾 I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.（）（）主谓宾宾主谓宾宾 He gave me a new bicycle .（）（）主系表主系表 He is a university student.（）（）主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补 Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. （ 6 6）There beThere be + 主语主语 There is a hole in the wall.nounadj. / adv.Infi
4、nitive/V-ing/ V-ed/etc.主主语语谓谓语语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(直)宾语(间)VtV-lViNoun / Pronoun/the + adj/V-ing / Clause/InfinitiveNoun / Pronoun / the + adjV-ing / Clause / Infinitivebe / feel / seem / lookappear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keeptaste / smell etc. Noun/Pronoun/adj. / adv./Inf
5、initive/V-ing / V-ed/clauseetc.1.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语（表语（ S+Link.V+P ），），说明主语的说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份特征、类属、状态、身份。You are students.We are in the classroom.We are good friends, arent we? 其它系动词其它系动词状态：状态：seem, appear, prove 感官：感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look 变化：变化：become, get, turn, go, come, grow, fall状态的持续：状态的
6、持续：remain, stay, keep, continuebeautifulsurprisedtoareseemswent Correct mistakes:1. Her voice sounds beautifully.2. The whole company was surprising at the news. 3. To see is believe.4. It seem like a good idea.5. The lights still on.6. All the potatoes changed bad.7. Jim was remained a worker.2.主语主
7、语+不及物动词不及物动词 ( S + Vi. )Our school lies on the bank of a river.注：注：不及物动词不能用于被动语态。不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 The car accident was happened yesterday.My brother will graduate from it next year.3.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语（宾语（S+Vt+O） I like my job very much. What do you want to be in the future ? Each of you has a dream . 注
8、：及物动词可用于被动语态注：及物动词可用于被动语态A great deal of water is used by people in that city.People use a great deal of water in that city.（主动语态主动语态）（被动语态被动语态）1.Is this raincoat yours? No, mine_ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. is hung C. hangs D. was hung Exercises:2. _ your head, and youll see the sun_ now
9、. A. Raise; rising B. Raise; raising C. To raise, rising D. Lift; being risen 辨析：第一空是高考常考的一辨析：第一空是高考常考的一个热门句型，即就是：个热门句型，即就是：祈使句祈使句+and/or +简单句；第简单句；第二个空的二个空的rise是不及物动词，是不及物动词，因此用它作宾补的时候，？如因此用它作宾补的时候，？如是定语也是不一样，是定语也是不一样，the rising sun/ the risen sun 3. More than a dozen students in that school_ abroa
10、d to study medicine last year. A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent4. The heros story_ differently in the newspaper. A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported4.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 (S+Vt+Oi+Od) Who can find the eraser for me? Pass the eraser to me.Who can find m
11、e the eraser?Pass me the eraser. 先接间接宾语后直接宾语，但若要先接间接宾语后直接宾语，但若要先说出先说出直接宾语（事物），直接宾语（事物），后说后说间接宾（人）间接宾（人）则要则要借助于介词借助于介词to或或for。 如：如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 常跟双宾语的动词有：常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助（需借助to的）的）:1bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, sen
12、d, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；等；（需借助（需借助for 的的:）2 buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare（抽（时间），腾空）（抽（时间），腾空）等。等。用用to侧重指动作的方向，表示侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向朝着，向着，对着某人；着，对着某人；用用for 侧重指动作的受侧重指动作的受益者，益者，表示表示为了某人，替某人。为了某人，替某人。 We saw him jump into the box.We saw them dancing.We s
13、aw him knocked down.5.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾补宾补(S+Vt+O+C) 注：可用作宾补的词有：名词、形容词、注：可用作宾补的词有：名词、形容词、 副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。Exercises:1.Dont leave the water_ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it_ often e
14、nough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained3. My daughter encouraged_ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take4. Is Bob still performing? Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official. A. to
15、 have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left简简单单句句的的基基本本句句型型1.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语2.主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词 3.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语4.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语 +直接宾语直接宾语5.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 +宾宾 语补足语语补足语Summary Consolidation: Choose a topic and write a short passage: 1. My Hometown 2. My Family 3. My School Life