《高中英语构词法.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语构词法.pptx（69页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、高中英语构词法整理人：淄博中学张萍参考文献：5年高考3年模拟2016B版，318-324.整理时间：2016年12月份英语学科素养之语言知识派生后缀法变名词（12种词尾）变形容词（10种词尾）变动词（4种词尾）前缀法18种前缀否性前缀或后缀8种否定前缀2种否定后缀转化动词与名词的转换动词与形容词的转换 形容词与名词的转换 合成合成形容词8种合成形容词合成名词派生之后缀法（1）-ence, -ance结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1存在existexistence2发生occuroccurrencerence3查阅，参考referreference4更喜欢、偏好preferpreference5不同
2、differdifference6接受acceptacceptance7出现，外表appearappearance8履行performperformance9抵制resistresistance10指导guideguidance11进入enterentrance12保险insureinsurance13帮助assistassistance14忍受endureendurance15忍受toleratetolerance（2）-tion,-sion结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1生产produceproduction2介绍introduceintroduction3消费consumeconsumpti
3、on4减少reducereduction5认为、假设assumeassumption6supposesuppositiion7毁灭destroydestruction8描写describedescription9打断interruptinterruption10采纳、收养adoptadoption11防止preventprevention12接收，接待处receivereception13解决solvesolution14进化evolveevolution15建议suggestsuggestion16编辑、版本editedition17展览exhibitexhibition18打算、意图int
4、endintension19认出recognizerecognition20解释、定义definedefinition21保护protectprotection22方向、指导directdirection23指令instrutinstruction24建设constructconstruction25注射injectinjection26感染infectinfection27驳斥rejectrejection28反对objectobjection29opposeopposition30链接connectconnection31收集collectcollection32纠正correctcorr
5、ection33视察inspectinspection34挑选selectselection35选举electelection36限制restrictrestriction37抵触、矛盾contradictcontradiction38保留reservereservation39保存preservepreservation40保护conserveconservation41观察observeobservation42挨饿starvestarvation43组织organizeorganization44文明civilizecivilization45认识realizerealization46
6、考试examineexamination47决定determinedetermination48形成formformation49通知informinformation50想象imagineimagination51运输transporttransportation52邀请inviteinvitation53期待expectexpectation54诱惑tempttemptation55改编、适应adaptadaptation56移民immigrateimmigraion57模仿imitateimitation58准备preparepreparation59探索exploreexplorati
7、on60考虑considerconsideration61宣布declaredeclaration62装饰decoratedecoration63激发、灵感inspireinspiration64放松、休闲relaxrelaxion65交流communicatecommunication66占用、职业occupyoccupation67满足statisfysatisfaction68申请、应用applyapplication69暗示implyimplication70推荐recommendrecommendation71口译、理解interpretinterpretation72结合combi
8、necombination73操作、手术operateoperation74犹豫hesitatehesitation75教育educateeducation76定位locatelocation77指出indicateindication78参加participateparticipation79计算calculatecalculation80欣赏、感激appreciateappreciation81联想、协会associateassociation82分离separateseparation83冬眠hibernatehibernation84赔偿compensatecompensation85
9、调查investigateinvestigation86庆祝celebratecelebration87祝贺congratulatecongratulation88翻译translatetraslation89积累accumulateaccumulation90加速acceletratacceleration91解放liberateliberation92革新innovatemotivation93集中concentrateconcentration94游行、示威demostratedemostration95贡献contributecontribution96促进promotepromoti
10、on97致力devotedevotion98沮丧沮丧frustratefrustration99印象impressimpression100拥有、财产possesspossession101讨论discussdicussion102扩大expandexpansion103延伸extendentension104承认admitadmition105允许permitpermission106排放emitemission107爆炸explodeexplosion108结论concludeconclusion109决定decidedecision110划分dividedivision111迷惑conf
11、useconfusion（3）-ment结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1广告advertiseadvertisement2同意agreeagreement3惊奇amazeamazement4吃惊astonishastonishment5通告announceannouncement6安排arrangearrangement7评估assessassessment8发展developdevelopment9失望disappointdisappointmeng10雇佣、就业employemployment11鼓舞encourageencouragement12款待、娱乐entertainentertain
12、ment13装备equipequipment14统治governgovernment15改进improveimprovement16投资investinvestment17卷入involveinvolvement18管理managemanagement19惩罚punishpunishment20要求requirerequirement21退休retireretirement22定居settlesettlement23陈述、阐述statestatement24对待、治疗treattreatment25以为基础basebasement26人行道pavepavement27取得achieveachi
13、evement28完成accompishaccompishment（4）-ness结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1意识awareawareness2意识consciousconsciousness3苦bitterbitterness4盲目blindblindness5冷静calmcalmness6聪明clevercleverness7疯狂crazycraziness8渴望eagereagerness9公平fairfairness10愚蠢foolishfoolishness11适合fitfitness12幸福、愉快happyhappiness13疾病illillness14友好kindkindnes
14、s15懒惰lazylaziness16孤独lonelyloneliness17宁静quietquietness18悲伤sadsadness19严重性seriousseriousness20甜美sweetsweetness21稳定steadysteadiness22厚度thickthickness23累tiredtiredness24弱点weakweakness25冷淡coldcoldness26惶恐不安nervousnervousness27思乡homesickhomesickness28粗心carelesscarelessness29自私selfishselfishness30无私selfl
15、essselflessness31无私unselflessunselflessness32无助helplesshelplessness33无望hopelesshopelessness（5）-age结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1婚姻marrymarriage2短缺shortshortage3储存storestorage4包裹packpackage5车厢carrycarriage6通道passpassage（6）-th结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1温暖warmwarmth2真理TRUEtruth3死亡deaddeadth4成长growgrowth（7）-ure结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1快乐pleas
16、epleasure2离开departdeparture3暴露exposeexposure4压力presspressure5失败failfailure6混合mixmixture7签名signsignture（8）-ce结尾的名词序号中文原词名词adj-n1缺席absentabsence2出席presentpresence3自信confidentconfidence4方便convenientconvenience5不同differentdifference6勤奋diligentdiligence7距离distantdistance8证据evidentevidence9优秀excellentexce
17、llence10重要importantimportance11独立independentindependence12天真、无辜innocentinnocence13智力intelligentintelligence14公正justjustice15耐心patientpatience16浪漫romanticromance17沉默silentsilence18暴力violentviolencev.-n19冒犯offendoffence20防御defenddefence21建议adviseadvice22设施devisedevice（9）-dom结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1自由freefreedom
18、2王国kingkingdom3智慧wisewisdom（10）-hood结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1孩童时代childchildhood2男孩时代boyboyhood3邻里neighborneighborhood（11）-ship结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1所有权ownerownership2锦标赛championchampionship3友谊friendfriendship4手艺craftsmancraftsmanship5奖学金scholarscholarship6领导才能leaderleadership7艰难hardhardship8关系relationrelationship（12）-
19、ing结尾的名词序号中文原词名词1农业farmfarming2变暖warmwarming3园艺gardengardening4学业schoolschooling5绘画paintpainting6意思meanmeaning7绘画drawdrawing8训练traintraining9录音tape-recordtape-recording10衣物clothclothing11感觉feelfeeling12十字路口crosscrossing13工资earnearnings14问候greetgreetings15储蓄savesavings16所发生的事happenhappenings17发现findf
20、indings18财产belongbelongings19痛苦suffersufferings20贡品offerofferings21环境surroundsurroundings22保龄球bowlbowling23举重weight-liftweight-lifting24射击shootshooting25摔跤wrestlewrestling2.变形容词（1）-y结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词n-adj1阳光灿烂的sunsunny2多雨的rainrainy3被雪覆盖的snowsnowy4有风的windwindy5有暴风雨的stormstormy6寒冷的chillchilly7多雾的fogfog
21、gy8有霜的frostfrosty9冰冷的iceicy10阴沉的gloomgloomy11布满星星的starstarry12泥泞的mudmuddy13布满灰尘的dustdusty14脏的dirtdirty15健康的healthhealthy16富有的wealthwealthy17霸道的bossbossy18臭的smellsmelly19美味的tastetasty20咸的saltsalty21皮包骨头的skinskinny22贪婪的greedgreedy23迅速的speedspeedy24狡猾的、棘手的tricktrickyv-adj25爱挑剔的choosechoosy26爱挑剔的pickpic
22、ky27黏的sticksticky28悦耳易记的catchcatchy29害怕的scarescary30滑溜溜的slipslippery（2）-al,-ial结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1全球的globeglobal2文化的culturecultural3农业的agricultureagricultural4情景的situationsituational5有条件的conditionconditional6环境的environmentenvironmental7化学的chemistrychemical8医学的medicinemedical9原始的originoriginal10政治的poli
23、ticspolitical11实际的practicepractical12理论的theorytheoretical13音乐的musicmusical14感情的emotionemotional15国家的nationnational16自然的naturenatural17个人的personpersonal18偶尔的occasionoccasional19精神上的mindmental20身体上的physicsphysical21偶然的accidentaccidental22教育的educationeducational23技术上的techniquetechnical24心理上的psychologyp
24、sychological25沿海的coastcoastal26种族的raceracial27面部的facefacial28工业的industryindustrial29金融的financefinancial30商业的commercecommercial31官方的officeofficial32有益的benefitbeneficial33典型的typetypical34有影响的influenceinfluencial（3）-ful,-less结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1感激的thankthankful2感激的grategrateful3充足的plentyplentyiful4美丽的beau
25、tybeautiful5成功的successsuccessful6可怕的aweaweful7忠实的faithfaithful8和平的peacepeaceful9高兴的joyjoyful10高兴的cheercheerful11非常干净的spotspotless12无休止的endendless13无家可归的homehomeless14无工作的jobjobless15身无分文的pennypenniless16无私的selfselfless17无目标的aimaimless18无线的wirewireless19无限的limitlimitless20无价的pricepriceless21毫无价值的valu
26、evalueless22无言的speechspeechless23上气不接下气的breathbreathless24小心的、粗心的carecareful,careless25多彩的，无色的colorcolorful,colorless26有用的、无用的useuseful, useless27成果丰硕的、无成效的 fruitfruitful,fruitless28强大的、无能力的powerpowerful,powerless29有意义的、无意义的meaningmeaningful,meaningless30无意义的pointpointless31无意义的sensesenseless32痛苦的、不
27、痛的painpainful,painless33后悔的、无悔的regretregretful,regretless34有害的、无害的harmharmful,harmless35闲适宁静的、躁动不安的 restrestful,restless36优雅的、粗鲁的gracegraceful,graceless37抱有希望的、无望的hopehopeful, hopeless38有帮助的、无助的helphelpful,helpless39考虑周到的、不周到的 thoughtthoughtful, thoughtless（4）-(i)ous结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1许多的numbernumbero
28、us2多山的mountainmountainous3冒险的adventureadventurous4紧张的nervenervous5有毒的poisonpoisonous6危险的dangerdangerous7灾难的disasterdisasterous8小心的cautioncautious9营养的nutritionnutritious10宗教的religionreligious11宽敞的spacespacious12有抱负的abbitionabbitious13神秘的mysterymysterious（5）-able,-(s)ible结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1不可预见的predictu
29、npredictable2不可避免的avoidunavoidable3不可忘的forgetunforgetable4不想要的desireundesirable5不舒服的comfortuncomfortable6不利的favorunfavorable7不合适的suitunsuitable8不可忍受的bearunbearable9不可忍受的endureunendurable10不可信的believeunbelievable11不可信的creditincredible12不可接近的accessinaccessible13看不见的viewinvisible14不可治愈的cureincurable15支
30、付得起的affordaffordable16适应能力强的adaptadaptable17可更新的renewrenewable18便携的portportable19多变的changechangeable20可吃的eateatable21可以靠的relyreliable22可行的workworkable23有价值的valuevaluable24合理的reasonreasonable25高兴的enjoyenjoyable26流行的fashionfashionable（6）-tive结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词v.-adj1多产的produceproductive2迷人的attractattrac
31、tive3有创造力的createcreative4保护的protectprotectative5预防性的preventpreventtative6健谈的talktalkative7可供替代的alteralternative8相关的relaterelative9有教育意义的instructinstructive10有竞争力的competecompetitiven.-adj11有效的effecteffective12贵的expenseexpensive（7）-tic,-fic结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1系统的systemsystematic2科学的sciencescientific3戏剧般的
32、dramadramatic4浪漫的romanceromantic5有同情心的sympathysympathetic6精力充沛的energyenergetic（8）-en结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1羊毛的woolwoolen2金色的goldgolden3木质的woodwooden（9）-some结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1英俊的handhandsome2令人惊叹的aweawesome3令人烦恼的troubletroublesome4烦人的tiretiresome（10）-ly结尾的形容词词序号中文原词形容词1致命的deaddeadly2活跃的livelively3友好的friendf
33、riendly4兄弟般的brotherbrotherly5有次序的orderorderly6昂贵的costcostly7每月的monthmonthly8每天的daydayly3.变动词(1)-fy结尾的动词序号中文原词动词1净化purepurify2简化simplesimplify3美化beautifulbeautify4使合理化justjustify5使恐惧terribleterrify6使震惊horriblehorrify7合格化qualityqualify8分类classclassify9认出identyidentify(2)-ize结尾的动词序号中文原词动词adj-v.1认识到real
34、realize2使现代化modernmodernize3使工业化industrialindustrialize4使普及popularpopularize5集权centralcentralize6使全球化globalglobalize7使理想化idealidealize8使稳定stablestabilize9使正常化normalnormalize10社会化socialsocialize11使专门化specialspecializen.-v.1使物质化materialmaterialize2总结summarysummarize3记忆memorymemorize(3)-en结尾的动词序号中文原词动词
35、1变暗darkdarken2削尖sharpsharpen3松开looseloosen4软化softsoften5恶化badworsen6减轻lightlighten7加宽broadbroaden8加宽quickquicken9削弱weakweaken10变紧tighttighten11使更明亮brightbrighten12减少littlelessen13变黑blackblacken14缩短shortshortenadj-n.-v.1加深deepdepth-deepen2加宽widewidth-widen3加强strongstrength-strengthen4加长longlength-len
36、gthen5加高highheight-heighten(4)-e结尾的动词序号中文原词动词n.-v.1洗澡bathbathe2呼吸breathbreathe3给穿衣服clothclothe派生之前缀法前缀中文意思英文单词1.超过over-无意中听到over-hear超过overtake睡过头oversleep人口过剩overpopulation推翻overthrow/overturn克服overcome忽略、俯视overlook2.重新re-康复、找回recover脱（衣服）、移开remove续借、更换、续签renew回收利用recycle替代replace使恢复精力refresh改革refo
37、rm复习review3.前的fore-预告foretell前额forehead预报forecast预知foresee4.前的pre-前提precondition预告predict战前的pre-war幼儿园preschool预习preview5.前的ex-前妻ex-wife前总统ex-president6.后的post-战后的post-war研究生postgraduate7.多的multi-多媒体的multimedia多元文化的multi-cultural多项选择的multiple-choice8.远的tele-电话telephone电视television电报telegram电信tele-co
38、mmunications9.相互的inter-面试interview国际的international互联网internet相互作用interact10.微小的micro-麦克风microphone微波microwave微软microsoft显微镜microscope11.自动的auto-汽车automobile自传autobiography亲笔签名autograph自动地automactically12.副的vice-副总统vice-president副总理vice-premier13.生态的eco-生态学ecology生态系统ecosystem生态友好的eco-friendly14.中国的S
39、ino-中日的Sino-Japanese中石化Sinopec15.潜、次一级sub-潜意识subconscious亚热带的subtropical地铁subway潜水艇submarine郊区的suburban副标题subtitle16.半semi-半熟练的semi-skilled半决赛semi-final17.三tri-三轮车tricycle三角形triangle18.横跨trans-转移transfer转变transform传播transmit移植transplant否定的前缀中文意思英文单词1.in-,im-/il-,ir-不活跃的inactive不贵的inexpensive缺乏经验的ine
40、xperienced随便的informal不完整的incomplete不方便的inconvenient独立的independent间接的indirect不重要的insignificant无能无力的incapable/incompetent不合适的improper/inappropriate不精确的inaccurate/incorrect/inexact不充足的insufficient/inadequate不成熟的impefect不耐烦的impossible不完美的impolite不可能的impossilbe不礼貌的impolite不合逻辑的illogical不合法的illegal不规则的irr
41、egular不负责的irresponsible2.un-不寻常的unusual不安的uneasy不公平的unfair/unjust不知道的unaware/unconsciou不确定的uncertain不普通的uncommon不重要的unimportant不成功的unsuccessful不整洁的untidy未完成的unfinish/undone不受欢迎的unpopular不愉快的unpleasant不必要的unsuccessful没被注意的unnoticed不合理的unreasonable脱衣undress打开unfold卸车unload开的锁unlock解冻unfreeze出土/挖掘unear
42、th拧开unscrew解开undo/unpack揭露uncover3.dis-消失disappear不鼓励discourage揭露disclose发现discover不同意disagree不同意disapprove不服从disobey不诚实的dishonest不满意的dissatisfied可耻的disgraceful弱点disadvantage紊乱disorder4.mis-误导mislead误导的misleading误解misunderstand滥用misuse误解misunderstanding拼错misspell不信任mistrust5.anti-防空的anti-aircraft防冻剂
43、antifreeze抗日战争anti-Japanese反社会的antisocial6.de-降级degrade减少decrease贬值devalue解冻defrost毁林deforestation7.ill-虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed不礼貌的ill-mannered不合时宜的ill-timed不合适的ill-fitting没教养的ill-bred考虑欠周的ill-considered时运不济的ill-fated非法得到的ill-gotten不健康的illhealth8.non-非营利的non-profit直达的non-stop不吸烟的non-smoker防滑的no
44、n-slip废话nonsense非暴力non-violence不可再生资源non-renewable resources否定的后缀中文意思英文单词9.-free无忧无虑的carefree无利息的interest-free免税的duty-free10.-proof防水的waterproof防震的shockproof转化动词例词中文名词back倒退、支持背后head领导，使.对某处行进头lack缺乏缺乏eye注视眼镜hand传递手（二）动词与形容词的转换动词例词中文形容词clear越过、清理清楚的clean打扫干净的mean意味着吝啬的（三）形容词与名词的转换形容词例词中文名词well身体好的井f
45、ine好的罚款fair公平的展览会chief主要的首领patient耐心的病人safe安全的保险箱firm坚定的公司stable稳定的马厩relative相对的亲戚plain平淡的平原content满意的内容concrete具体的混凝土合成二、合成二、合成1.合成形容词（1）adj+doing中文名词漂亮的good-looking闻着芳香的sweet-smelling随和的easy-going长相一般的ordinary-looking(2)adv+doing永久的ever-lasting职位高的high-ranking畅销货best-selling=bestseller(3)adv+done著
46、名的well-known新婚的newly-married本地制造的locally-produced坚信的firmly-believed密切相关的closely-related广泛接受的widely-accepted穿着随意的informally-dressed容易形成的easily-formed牢固的strongly-built高度发达的highly-developed人口稠密的densely-populated正式发行的officially-released正式承认的officially-recognized派生之否定的前缀或后缀(4)n+doing省时的time-saving耗能的ener
47、gy-consuming爱好和平的peace-loving制片的film-making伤心的heart-breaking令人惊叹的breathtaking说英语的English-speaking解决问题的problem-solving令人垂涎的mouth-watering赢利的profit-making(5)n+done国营的state-owned由衷的heartfelt人造的man-made覆盖雪的snow-covered粗糙的weather-beaten国产的home-made一贫如洗的poverty-stricken好奇心驱使的curiosity-driven个体经营的self-empl
48、oyed政府支持的government-backed(6)n+adj环保的environment-friendlyenvironmentally-friendly节能的energy-efficient有成本效益的cost-effective(7)adj+n+ed心不在焉的absent-minded心地善良的kind-hearted目光短浅的short-sighted近视的near-sighted左撇子left-handed头发花白的white-haired长尾巴的long-tailed和蔼可亲的good-natured脾气坏的bad-tempered思想开朗的open-minded狭隘的nar
49、row-minded头脑简单的simple-minded有空调的air-conditioned(8)n+ed详细的detail-detailed有经验的experience-experienced有天赋的gift-gifted/talent-talented有技能的skill-skilled2.合成名词中文合成名词缺点drawback框架framework人类mankind发源地birthplace壁炉fireplace木柴firewood标志性建筑landmark手电筒flashlight车前灯headlight床上用品bedclothes白昼daylight白天daytime晚间night
50、-time总部、总公司headquarters拂晓sunrise傍晚sunset阳光sunshine城市商业区downtown小山坡hillside合作teamwork瀑布waterfall降雨量rainfall视力eyesight薄饼pancake仓库warehouse软件software硬件hardware草地grassland农田farmland大陆mainland祖国homeland家乡hometown笔记本notebook台式电脑desktop手提电脑laptop立场standpoint邮递员postman/mailman电子邮箱mailbox行李箱suitcase公文包briefc