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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流新目标英语八年级英语下册期末复习【精品文档】第 6 页初中现在完成时时态讲解一、现在完成时态的用法用法1：表示“已完成”：过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never, before用法2：表示“未完成”：过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能持续下去。标志词：for+时段（for a long time，for a month）since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来，如since 1991 、since yesterday）since+时段+ago （since
2、 2 days ago）since+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）其它常见：today，this week（month），recently，these days，in the past/last few days，during the last two weeks，so far，since then等。二、基本句型结构 现在完成时的构成形式： 助动词have /has +done(过去分词) I/You/They/We have talked . He/She has talked. 1.现在完成时的否定结构就是在_后加上否定词not；I/You/They/We h
3、avent(have not) talked . He/She hasnt(has not) talked. 2.其一般疑问句就是将_提到句首，Have I/You/They/We talked . Has he/she talked. 3.肯定的简略回答是：Yes，主语_.，否定的简略回答是：No，主语_.。 4.特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词 What have you done? I have seen the film.(变否定句、一般疑问句、回答、划线提问）_ _ _用since 或for填空1. They have been waiting _ half
4、 an hour.2.The baby has been sleeping _ eight oclock.3. He has been studying English_ he was eight years old.4.He has been drawing _ two hours ago. 1）-How long has Eliza been a nurse? -_. A. since 2002 B. four years ago C. in 2002 2)-How long have you learned English?-_ about five years. A. from B.
5、since C. by D. for 3)-How long have you been swimming? -_. A. for ten years ago B. since ten years C. since 1998 D. for 1998 4）He has already gone home. He _ _ home _. (否定句) _ he _ home _? (一般疑问句) 5）He has lunch at home. He _ _ lunch at home. (否定句) _ he _ lunch at home? (一般疑问句)6）Tom and I have watch
6、ed the movie twice.(划线提问) _7）I had lunch at school. _ _ you _ lunch? (划线提问)8）He has never had western food, _ ?（改成反意疑问句） 9）They have been here since 2000. (提问) _ have they been here?三、have/has gone to 、have/has been to 和have/has been in的区别have/ has gone to _，(在去某地的路上或在某地，人还未回来)have/ has been to _,(曾
7、经去过，人已经回来了)have/ has been in _,(常与一段时间连用)如：He _ Shenyang before. 他以前曾去过沈阳。He _ Shenyang for ten years. 他在沈阳10年了。_ Shenyang? 他去沈阳了吗? have/ has been to常和once, twice, never, ever连用;have/ has gone to则不可。 1.Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 2.My pare
8、nts _ Shandong for ten years . has been in . has been to . have gone to . have been in 3.How long have you _ here ?About two months . been . gone . been in . arrived用 have/has been to/in, have gone to 及 go (to)的适当形式填空。 1) He often _ swimming. 2) _ they often _ skating in winter?3) The Smiths _ Beiji
9、ng for 5 years. 4) How long _ he _ _ this village? 5)Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo.6) _ you ever _ _ America? - Yes, I _ _ there many times. 7) I _ _ _this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _ _ the farm since I came here. 9) _ you _ there last year? 10) Would you like to _ the zoo
10、 with me? -Yes, but I _ there before. 四、比较延续动词与瞬间动词1. 短暂性动词与短暂性时间(时间点)连用。如： He has joined the Party. He joined the Party three years ago. 他入党三年了。(他三年前入党的)2. 用“It is/has been时间段since”句型。如： 他入党三年了。_3.非延续性动词不能用“现在完成时 + 表示一段时间的状语”的句型中。句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for时间段”或“since时间点”。要用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，如：体会：The old
11、man died 4 years ago. -The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. - I have had the book for 5 days. 现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 a瞬间动词的变化 buy-have borrow -keep/have become -be b用“be+形容词”代替短暂性动词 die-be dead f
12、all(get) asleep-be asleep open-be open close-be closed finish( end )be over c用“be+副词”代替短暂性动词 start/begin-be on return/come back/go backbe back leave/move be away come/arrive/reach/get here(there)-be here/there d 用“be+介词短语”代替短暂性动词 come/arrive/reach/get to-be in +地点 join the army-be in the army move t
13、o-be in/at +地点 His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化 1.He died 10 years ago. - He _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the bike a month ago. - He _the
14、 bike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _here since three days ago. 6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ for 30 minutes. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _for an hour. 10. He joined the army last ye
15、ar. =He _ _ _ the army for a year. = It _ a year _ he joined the army. 2014春新人教版八年级英语下册期末复习考试专项训练一、单项选择()1.Therearemanytreeson_sidesoftheroad. A.eachB.everyC.bothD.all()2.We_1000Englishwordssincewe_tothisschool. A.learn,come B.havelearning,came C.havebeenlearning,come D.havelearned,came()3 I wont bu
16、y anything for you _. A if you join me B if you will join me C unless you join me D unless you will join me()4.Thebigtreeinfrontofmyhouseis_yearsold. A.hundredB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.onehundredof()5.Listening to The Toms is a good way _ . A of waking up B to awake up C wake up D all the above()6.As
17、soon as Guo Jingmings new books _,they sold out soon. A went out, B worked C came out D put out()7.-Where would you like to visit? -Id like to go _ . A relaxing somewhere B somewhere relaxing C relaxing anywhere D relaxing anywhere()8. Ill go to visit my uncle in England _ the summer holidays start.
18、 A While B since C until D as soon as()9.Its silly _ you _ that. A for ,to do B of ,to do C for ,for doing D to, to do()10.Rememberto_yourEnglishbookhere. A.takeB.bringC.carryD.sell( )11.Try_lateforschoolagain. A.nottobeB.notbeC.notbeingD.tobenot()12. She is _ a kind lady _ she is always ready to he
19、lp others. A so,that B such a ,that C such ,that D so a,that()13.Hehas_daughter_Mary. A.aeightyearsold,nameB.aneight-years-old,namedC.aneight-year-old,namedD.aeight-year-old,naming()14.Canyoudothework_anotherway? A.inB.onC.byD.with ()15.Doyouhaveenoughmentocarrythesechairs?No,Ithinkweneed_men. A.ano
20、thertwoB.twoothersC.moretwoD.Two ()16.Hewasveryexcitedabout_apicnic.A.havingB.tohaveC.haveD.tohaving()17.Its the best time _some animals at night in Singapore. A watch B to watch C for you to watch D Both B and C ()18.Thefoodintherestaurantisgood_thepriceistoo_. A.and,highB.but,highC.But,expensiveD.
21、Because,low()19.Ihaveneverbeentoawaterpark._I. A.SohaveB.NeitherhaveC.SodoD.Soam二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.You have worked hours. Youd better relax yourself by _(rest) as much as possible.2.Animals with long _(neck) live on the leaves of tall trees.3.The train carries over three thousand _ (passenger) every day
22、.4.That man has a law to himself. He never asks advice from _(other).5.We were _(surprise) to see how welcome they were in the countryside .6.As it _(happen)so many years ago , I cant remember it clearly.7.Jason cut _（him)with a knife.I must take him to the doctors.8.I am going to show it to Michael
23、 and ask him his _(advise).9.I can give you some _( medicine)to cure your stomach.10.Can you tell those _(story)?11.It is a very _(interest) hobby!12.I am sorry for _(hurt) your feelings.13.We certainly cant do this work all by _(we).14.Who will be the next _(climb) to go up the mountain?15.you _(ca
24、n) see from his face that he was lying.16.She let the dogs into the house and fed _(they).17. At that time he had two _(help)18. Go and see your doctor as soon as _(possible).19.Thanks again. It is really very kind of you to _(invitation) us.21. How much time do you spend _(practice) English every d
25、ay?22. Most of my _(grade) were OK, but I only got a C in history.23. They left without _(say) goodbye.24.It is important _(know) oneself.25. Do you remember how _(spell) the word?26.When did India get her _(independent) from Britain?27.The _(much) you exercise , the_(strong) youll become.28.Everybo
26、dy was _(excite) by the good news.29. He is famous not only for his talent but also for his _(kind).30. These _(able) children need special care.31. Playing chess is a wonderful _(train) for our head.32. Do you still remember the girl _(call) Kate?33._(communicate) between old and young people is no
27、t so difficult as you think.34. Firstly , its too expensive ; and _(second) , its very ugly.35. Mike is my _(old) brother ; he is two years older than me.36.You can never be _ (success) , unless you work hard.37. The whole team cheered for winning the _(compete).38.There was a strong _ (windy) blowi
28、ng.39. She came back to give us a _(reporter) on how the project is going.40. She took away the box of _(match) from the baby.41. He hit his arm _(heavy) against the wall.42. My four year old daughter was _(sleep) on the sofa.43.On my way home I saw a dog _ (lie) at the corner of the street.44.I exp
29、ect all my friends _(get) good grades in the mid-term examinations.45.I couldnt do it _(with) your great help. Thanks a lot.46.There is a 10 _(minute) walk for here to the bus station.47.My sister is always very strict with _(she).48._(eat) too much is bad for your health.49._(keep) healthy, he alwa
30、ys eat less and do more exercise.50.I _(visit) you when I come to Xian next Monday.51.If you have _(difficult) in learning English, please ask your teacher for help.52.I took his temperature, _(lucky), he didnt have a fever.53.She kept on _(work) although she was very tired.54.Would you mind _ (park
31、) your car here?55.He began to realize the _(important) of making good decisions.56.He had problem in _(learn) English grammar.57.He has trouble _(write) the composition.58.While my mother _(cook), I was reading.59.Its useful for us _（learn) a foreign language.60.He _(have) a headache last week. But
32、 now he _(feel)better.61.He feels sad every time he thinks of his cats _ (dead )62.He _ (die ) last year . He _ (die ) for one year.63.They agreed_(help) each other.64.When I came in, I found my mum _(lie) on the sofa.65.I used to _(get) up early, but now I am used to _(sleep) late.66.To our _(surpr
33、ise), he has won the match.67.They jumped and sang in _(excite).68.She said these words in _(surprise).69.We are _（surprise）to hear the _(surprise) news.70.We are _(excite) to hear the _(excite) news.71.“No, never.” I replied _(angry).70.He always makes us feel _(happy) with him.71.We cant put off _
34、(have) the meeting.72.He always volunteer his time _(help) the sick.73.Do you have anything new _(tell) me?74.We can make plans _(clean) up city parks.75.They help the _(home)children during their free time.76.The movie is so sad that the boy cant stop _(cry).77.This travel makes a big _(different)
35、to my life.78.It was the _(happy) day of my life.79.He is still busy _(look) for his lost bike.80.Could you please write as _(care) as your sister?81.Most students are against _(have) classes on Saturdays.82.The rest of the milk _(be) for Mr. Bean.83.It s not enough _(finish) doing homework.84.He _
36、(feel) sick and _(fall) down , so he was taken to the hospital.85.The _(many) trees we plant, the _(good) our world will be.86.He does lots of things on weekends, like _(clean) the room, doing some washing, and so on.87.Keep _(work) hard and you will succeed.88.Doctors say too much pressure is not g
37、ood for a childs _(develop).89.Its _(fair) to let us do so much homework without rest.90.Is there a toilet in the _(neighbor)?91.We are really happy about his _(success). He is really a _ (success) person.92.While I _(walk) in the street, I _(meet) my best friend Tommy.93.Are you _(kid)?94._(fall) trees, _(break) windows and rubbish _ (be)everywhere after the rainstorm.95.Two _(cheat) tried to cheat the emperor.96.The man