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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流小学英语四大句法【精品文档】第 8 页句法种类用途例句陈述句用来说明事实和说话人的看法I can see a map on the wall.I think its his.疑问句用来提问Are you Mr Green?How old are you？祈使句用来表示请求、命令等Stand up.Come in,please.感叹句用来表达强烈的感情What a fine day it is!How beautiful the flowers are!一、 陈述句1. 定义：陈述一个事实或表明说话人的观点、看法。可以分为肯定句和否定句2. 分类（1） b
2、e动词型：I am a teacher. She _ a doctor.They _ from England.（2） have/has动词型I have an apple. She _ a dog.He _ two bananas. They _ some flowers.（3） 行为动词型I eat dinner at 7 oclock.She teaches English in the school.（4） 情态动词型,情态动词后的动词一般为原形。小学阶段常见的情态动词主要有：can,should,would,may等I can cook the meals.She may know
3、what it is.I would like some juice.3. 陈述句的肯定句型和否定句型（1） 肯定句型:主语+动词（be动词/have/has/行为动词/情态动词）+.（2） 否定句型主语+be动词/have/has/情态动词+not +.She is not a doctor.I have not any apples.主语+dont/doesnt+行为动词+.I dont like swimming.She doesnt go to school on weekend.牛刀小试：将下列句子变为否定句(1)They can dance very well._.(2)His m
4、other does housework every day._.(3) Jack and Amy play basketball after school._.二、 疑问句疑问句包括一般疑问句和特殊疑问句1. 一般疑问句：be+主语+.：Is this your bag?_ you a teacher? _ he/she a doctor?_ they from China? _ your friend a boy or a girl?助动词/情态动词+主语+.Do you like ice cream? _ she like dogs?_ they like dogs? _ your fr
5、iend like dogs?Can you cook the meals?2. 特殊疑问句：由疑问代词what,who,whom,which,whose或疑问副词when,where,why,how引导的疑问句询问名字、年龄：Whats your name?_ his name? _ her name?How old are you? How old _ he/she?询问颜色：What colourWhat colour is it? What colour _ they?询问时间、日期What time is it now? What day is it today?When is yo
6、ur birthday? Whats the date today?询问地方：WhereWhere is my car? Where _ the keys?询问数量或价钱：how many,how muchHow many kites can you see?_ _ books do you have?How much is the dress? _ _ are the apples?“How”问句:How tall(多高)，How heavy(多重)，How long(多长)How tall are you? _ _ is he?他有多重？_ do you go to school?你怎样去
7、上学的？询问身体情况或情绪：feel,matterHow do you feel? Whats the _?你怎么了？How are you？询问想要的东西：wouldWhat would you like for lunch?_ you like some juice?_ you like to play football?询问天气：Whats /HowWhats the weather like today?How is the weather today?询问职业、身份或人物：Who /WhatWhat is you father?=What _ your father _?What i
8、s she like?询问兴趣、爱好：favouriteWhat is your favourite food?What is your favourite season?=_ season do you like_ best?三、 祈使句定义：表示请求、命令或劝告的句子,通常省略主语（you）表命令:Go and wash your hands. Fill in the form.表请求：Be quiet,please. Open the window,please.表劝告：Be kind to your sister.表警告:Watch your steps！ Look out!Dange
9、r!表禁止：No smoking! No photos! No parking! Dont stand up!练习：1. 翻译下列祈使句（1） 不要跑_ (2)Let me see._(3) 请安静点_.(4)Hands up!_(5) Listen to me._(6) Dont look out of the window!_.2. 选词填空 have,please,dont,be,dont be,lets(1) Please wait for me,_ walk so fast.(2) _ go shopping now!(3) _ quiet,please!(4) _ sit down
10、.(5) _ a good time!(6) _ talking,class begins!四、 感叹句定义：表示赞美、惊叹、喜怒哀乐等感情的句子。 1.由what 引导（1） What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What a beautiful flower it is!（2） What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！What beautiful flowers they are!2. 由how 引导How+形容词+主语+谓语！How nice she is! How fast he runs! How lovely the dog is!练习：1. 用ho
11、w 或what 填空1（1） _ a clever boy he is!（2） _ lovely the cat is !（3） _ delicious!（4） _ a hot day!（5） _ quickly he runs!2. 选择题（1）_ interesting book it is!A. What B. What an C. How D.How an（2）What a nice house _!A. it is B. is it C. is D.it（3）_ fast the bus runs!A.How B. It is C. What D.Is it（4）How _ the dresses_ !A. a cheap,is B. cheap,is C. cheap,are D.a cheap,are（5）What a _!A.big brown cow B. cow C. brown big cow D.big brown3. 将下列句子译成中文1. 多高的一棵树呀！_.2. 这本书真有趣！_,3. 多暖和的一天！_.4. 那个老人走得多慢呀！_.5. 你的手真脏呀！_.