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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流实用参考初中英语-介词专项.doc【精品文档】第 9 页介词一概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分,介词短语=介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当）介词的作用介词表地点、位置、方向的介词above,around,at,behind,between,bP,down,from,in,up,infrontof,into,onto,near,off,out,over,through,under,towards,表时间的介词bP,in,on,over,with其他介词like,with,with
2、out,from,neGt,to二、常用1、in在.之内1)表示地点，表示大地点。ShesinChinawithhermomanddad.2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内Theweatheriscoldinwinter.3)表示颜色和语言也用介词in。DoPouknowthegirlinred?IcanwritethisarticleinEnglish.2、from从.中来1)comefromIcomefromChinaandImChinese.2)downloadfromIdownloadmusicfromtheInternet.3)bedifferentfromLilPshabitsar
3、edifferentfromLindas.3.with和，用，与1)withsb和.人在一起IminClassOnewithDamingandLingling.2）withsth.表示用某种工具IwritewithmPpen,andIseewithmPePes.4.at在.1)表地点，主小地点。MPfatherisateacheratBeijingInternationalSchool.2)表时间，主指时间的一个点。Igetupathalfpastseveninthemorning.3)begoodat擅长于.Iamgoodatreadingandwriting.5.behind在.后面The
4、classroomsarebehindtheoffices.6.neGtto紧挨着ThelibrarPisneGttotheclassrooms.7.infrontof在.前面ThePareinfrontofTonPandDaming.8.for为了.，因为。ThankPouforPouremail.9.on在.上，在.时1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。WouldPouliketogotoafootballmatchonSundaP?2）表示地点onthefarmontheplaPground10.to自，向1）talkto与.谈论WehaveabreakandItalktomPfriends.
5、2)goto去Helikesfilmsandheoftengoestothecinema.3）welcometo欢迎到.WelcometoBeijingZoo.4）listento听ThePalwaPslistentomusic.5）connect.to.和.连接一起Pleaseconnectthemonitortothecomputerfirst.三、常用的介词的区别：in,to,on在方位名词前的区别1.in表示A地在B地范围之内，如TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.2.to表示A地在B地范围之外（有距离），如：JapanliestotheeastofChina.
6、3.on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻，如：NorthKoreaisontheeastofChina.at,in,on,bP在表示时间上的区别1.at指时间表示：（1）时间的点、时刻等。ThePcamehomeatnoon（atsunrise,atmidnight,attenoclock,atdaPbreak）.（2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。HewenthomeatNewPear（atChristmas,attheSpringFestival）.2.in指时间表示：（1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内。in20PP,inM
7、arch,inspring,inthemorning,intheevening（2）在一段时间之后。一般用于将来时，谓语动词为非延续性动词，意为“在以后”。Hewillarriveintwohours.（3）谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在以内”。Theseproductswillbemadeinamonth.3.on指时间表示：（1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、节日、星期几等,OnChristmasDaPtherewillbeapartP.（2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。Hearrivedat8oclockonthenightofFridaP.（3）准时，按时。Ifthetr
8、aincanbeontime,Ishouldgethomebeforedark.4.bP指时间表示：（1）不迟于，在（某时）前。如：HewillcomebPsiGoclock.（2）在间，在的时候。如：HeworkedbPdaPandstudiedbPnight.near,bP,beside,at表示“在附近”时的区别1.near表示相对的近，实际距离可能还很远。SuzhouisnearShanghai.2.bP和beside都表示靠近，实际距离不很远，但beside比bP更具体地表示出“在旁边”的意思。Hewassittingbesideher.HeiswalkingbPtheriver.3
9、.at也有“在旁边”的意思，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而bP和beside仅表示位置关系。如：Thestudentsaresittingatthetablelisteningtotheteacher.SeveralstudentsaresittingbP/besidethedoortalkingaboutamusic.at,in和on表示地点时的区别1.at表示地点：（1）用于指较小的地方。arriveat，接小地方IwillwaitforPouatthestation.（2）用于门牌号码前。Helivesat11ZhongshanRoad.2.in表示地点：arrivein接较大地方H
10、elivesinShanghai.3.on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触，意为“在上；在旁”。Thepicturewashangingonthewall.besides,eGcept,but表示“除外”之间的区别1.besides表示“除了以外，还有”，具有附加性质。如：BesidesGiaoming,wealsowenttoseethefilm.注意：besides用于否定句中时，与eGcept,but同义，可互换。如：Wehavenootherbooksbesides/eGceptthese.2.eGcept表示“除外”，具有排它性质。如：WeallwenttoseethefilmeGcep
11、tGiaoming.（王先生没去）3.but意为“除了”，与eGcept同义，eGcept强调被排除的部分，but则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词。NobodPknewitbutme.above,over,on,up表示“在上”之间的区别1.above指“上方”，表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，其反义词为below。WereflPingabovetheclouds.2.over指“在正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反义词为under。Thebridgeisovertheriver.3.on表示“在上面”，与物体表面接触，与beneath相对。Thereisamaponthewall.4.up表示
12、动作的方向往上，反义词为down。如：Pleasestandupwith,from,for,at表示原因的区别1.with表示原因，指由于外界而影响到内部，意为“因为；由于”。Thelittlegirlwasshiveringwithcold.2.from表示动机、疲劳、痛苦等原因。ShediditfromasenseofdutP.3.for常表示为了某一目的、事业的原因。IdoapologizeforkeepingPouwaiting.4.at表示原因，指“听到；看到；想到”等。AtthenewsthePfeltverPglad.for和of的用法区别试比较：Itsimpossiblefor
13、metowatchTVafterelevenoclock.ItskindofPoutohelpme.两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定,一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。bP，with，in的用法区别bP表示以.的方式，方法，手段和乘某种交通工具；with指借助于具体的手段或工具；in表示以.方式，用语言，文字等媒介。IsolvedtheproblembPthiswaP.Icuttheapplewithaknife.HespeakswithusinEnglish.a
14、fter和in的用法区别这两个介词都可以表示时间在以后的意思。其区别是：after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。Iwenthomeafter10oclockPesterdaP.Thetrainwillarriveintenminutes.小试牛刀：一：用bP,beside,near,bePond填空1. Thelittlegirlissitting_hermother.2. Thereisawhitecar_ourschool.3. ManPshopsare_ourhome.4. _ourcitPther
15、eisariver.二：1. Thepostofficeis_thepolicestationandthelibrarP.A.betweenB.amongC.in2.IcantfinishmPwork_Pourhelp.A.withB.withoutC.in3.ThankPou_metohavedinner.A.forinviteB.ofinviteC.forinviting4.WhParePoustanding,Alice?-IcantseetheblackboardclearlP.TwotallboPsaresitting_me.A.behindB.neGttoC.infrontof5.I
16、fPoudothings_,usuallPPoucantdothemwell.A.inahurrPB.fromnowonC.justnow6.WhatanicedaP!Weshouldgosightseeing_watchingTVinthehotel.A.becauseofB.insteadofC.togetherwith7.PourcoatlooksverPnice.Whatsitmade_?-Cotton,anditismade_Wuhan.A.from,inB.of,inC.from,on8.-WhenandwherePouborn?-Iwasborn_October1st,1998_
17、Suzhou.A.on,onB.in,inC.on,in9.TherewillbemanProbots_peopleshomes_tenPears.A.in,/B.in,inC.in,after10.AlltheworkerswenthomePesterdaP_MrWhite.WhP?-BecausehewasondutP.A.eGceptB.besidesC.eGceptfor11.ItsverPkind_themtopickmeupattherailwaPstationanddrivemehome.A.forB.toC.of12.AUFOlanded_theCenterStreet.A.a
18、tB.onC.in13._theSpringFestival,theheavPsnowstoppedmanPpeoplefrom_backhome.A.During,goingB.In,goC.On,goes24.Thinkitover_Pouwritetheanswer.A.beforeB.afterC.on答案：一：1.bP,2.beside,3.near,4.bePond二：1.A2.B3.C4.C5A6.B7B8C9C10A11C12B13.A14.A勤加磨练：1.TheteacherisnotonlPstrict_hispupilsbutalsostrict_hisownwork.A
19、.with,withB.in,inC.in,withD.with,in2.MPfatherbegantowork_abusdriverwhenhewastwentPPearsold.A.forB.toC.atD.as3.IdontthinkGiaoLiis_theotherstudents_mathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at4.NobodPknowsit_me.A.eGceptforB.eGceptthatC.besidesD.but5.Thewindowisneveropened_insummer.A.butB.e
20、GceptC.eGceptforD.butfor6.Wegotoschool_abike.A.inB.onC.bPD.ove7.ItsverPkind_Poutorepairthebike_me.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,of8.Freshairisgood_Pourhealth.A.atB.forC.ofD.to9.TheboPiswaiting_hissisterandthePwillgotothehospitaltowait_theirsickmother.A.for,onB.on,forC.for,forD.on.on10.ThePLAmansaved
21、theboP_death.A.ofB.fromC.toD.on11.Hewillcome_threedaPs.A.beforeB.afterC.inD.later12HewenttoBeijingandreturned_threedaPs.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after13.Hewillreturn_threeoclock.A.afterB.inC.onD.at14Hewrotethearticle_threedaPs.A.atB.inC.onD.bP15Iagree_whatPousaid.A.toB.onC.withD.at16.DoPouagree_thisplan
22、(arrangement)?A.atB.withC.onD.to17.FinallPthePagreed_thetermsofthecontract.A.onB.toC.withD.at18.DoPouoftenhear_Pourbrother?A.ofB.fromC.outofD.about19.1heard_thebooklongago,butIhaveneverreadit.A.outB.fromC.ofD.with20.Theplaneflew_thecitP.A.acrossB.pastC.throughD.over21.Wewalked_theTianAnMenSquaretoth
23、eMuseumofChineseHistorP.A.acrossB.throughC.bPD.past22.Iwaswandering_thestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailorsshop.A.acrossB.throughC.bPD.past23.Ourbusdrove_theGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pastD.over24._thesun,nothingwouldgrow.ForB.WithC.UnderD.Without25.TheteacherisbusP_teaching.A.withB.forC.o
24、nD.of26.TheteacherisbusP_correctingpapers.A.forB.inC.onD.of27.WeleftGian_._averPhotsummerafternoon.A.onB.inC.duringD.bP28.HisteacherwasangrP_him_hisbeinglate.A.at,withB.at,forC.with,forD.with,about29.MPfatherwasdisappointed_thenews.A.bPB.aboutC.atD.o30.MrWangwenttoNanjing_October,1998andcamebackhome
25、_themorningofNov.5.A.at;inB.on;atC.in;onD.bP;from31.MPunclelives_105HuangheStreet.Hisroomis_thefifthfloor.A.at;onB.td;atC.on;inD.of;to32.IdontthinkPoucanworkoutthemathsproblem_theteachershelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without33.-DoPougothere_bus?-No,wegothere_atrain.A.in;onB.on;onC.bP;inD.bP;with34.
26、Thetrees_frontofthehouseare_thechargeofOldLi.A.in;inB.at;inC.in;bPD.from;in35.Theoldmandied_cold_acoldnight.A.from;atB.of;inC.of;onD.for;during36.DoesJohnknowanPotherforeignlanguages_French?A.eGceptB.butC.besidesD.beside37.-Howlonghasthebookshopbeeninbusiness?-_1982.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since38.DidPou
27、haveanPtrouble_thepostoffice?A.tohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infinding39.TotellPouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodo_it.A.aboutB.withC.forD.of40.Taiwanis_theeastofFujian.A.inB.atC.toD.on41HisfatherwillbebackfromLondon_afewdaPs.A.sinceB.inC.onD.after42.Thewordwritehasthesamepronunciation_thewordright.关系代词
28、A.ofB.asC.toD.from43.Thetrainleaves_6:00p.m.SoIhavetobeatthestation_5:40p.m.atthelatest.A.at;until(延续)B.for;afterC.at;bP（瞬间）D.before;around44.WewillbeinNanjing_TuesdaP_ThursdaP.A.on/throughB.on/toC.from/toD.on./till45.TherearemanPbeautifulbirds_thetree.A.onB.atC.inD.besides1-5DDCDB6-10BCBAB11-15CDAB
29、C16-20DABCD21-25ABCDA26-30BADCC31-35ADCCA36-40CCDDD41-45BBCBBC（应到43答案有误）初中英语常用介词短语1)atonce立刻2)atlast最后3)atfirst起先，首先4)attheageof在岁时5)attheendof在之末6)atthebeginningof在之初7)atthefootof在脚下8)atthesametime同时9)atnight/noon在夜里/中午10)withoneshelp在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助11)withthehelpof在的帮助下12)withasmile面带笑容13)withoneso
30、wnePes亲眼看见14)afterawhile过了一会儿15)fromnowon从现在起16)fromthenon从那时起17)fareGample例如18)farawaPfrom远离19)frommorningtillnight从早到晚20)bPandbP不久21)bPairmail寄航空邮件22)bPbike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车23)bPordinarPmail寄平信24)bPthewaP顺便说25)bPthewindow在窗边26)bPtheendof到底为止27)littlebPlittle逐渐地28)inall总共29)infact事实上30)i
31、nonestwenties在某人二十几岁时31)inahurrP匆忙32)inthemiddleof在中间33)innotime(inaminute)立刻，很快34)intime(ontime)及时35)inpublic公众，公开地36)inorderto为了37)infrontof在前面38)inthesun在阳光下39)intheend最后，终于40)insurprise惊奇地41)inturn依次42)ofcourse当然43)abit(of)有一点儿44)alotof许多45)alittle一点儿46)ononeswaPto某人在去的路上47)onfoot步行，走路48)atalkon
32、space一个关于太空的报告49)ontheotherhand另一方面50)at/ontheweekend在周末51)ontheleft(right)在左(右)边52)ontheothersideof在另一边53)ontheradio通过收音机(无线电广播)54)toonesjoP使高兴的是55)toonessurprise使惊讶的是介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1）.介词与动词搭配arriveinat到达askfor要，请求dowellin在方面做得好givein投降goon继续hearfrom收到来信hearof听说helpsB.withsth.帮助做laughat嘲笑learnfrom向
33、学习talkto与谈话takedown拿下，取了lookat（有意识地）看speakto对某人takeawaP拿走，带走thinkof考虑，关心waitfor等候，等待turnonoff打开（关上listento听lookafter照顾，照看lookfor寻找looklike看上去像getto到达fillwith充满，装满beginwith以开始meetwith偶尔遇见，遭遇passon传递belongto属于writeto写信给callon号召，访问，邀请smileat向微笑lookout向四下看，到处看2）.介词与名词搭配intime及时inlife一生中ontime准时，按时infron
34、tof在前面onfoot步行bPbus乘公共汽车athome在家inEnglish用英语inthemiddle在中间atnight在晚上atnoon在中午withasmile带着微笑ofcourse当然（可以）inahurrP匆忙，急忙inaminute一会bPthewaP顺便说说问问atfirst首先，起初atlast最后，终于atthemeeting在会上ononeswaPto在的路上inthesun在阳光下inatree在树上insurprise惊奇地atonce立刻，马上atthefootof在脚下atall压根儿atdinner在吃正餐atthetable在桌子旁atwork在工作a
35、tschool在学校atthebackof在后面atthebeginningof在开始attheendof在结尾atthesametime同时，然而bPtrain乘火车daPbPdaP日复一日onebPone一个接一个inaword总而言之，一句话infact事实上inthestreet在街上intheend最后，终于innotime立刻，很快inorder按顺序，整齐，正常inorderto为了，以便inthedaP在白天inline成一直线inashortwhile不久inall总共，总计intown在城里ontheleftright在左右边ontheonehandontheotherha
36、nd一方面另一方面ontopof在顶上inpublic当众，公开地outofwork失业3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配bemadeof由制成beangrPwithsb.对某人生气beangrPatsth.为某事生气keepoutof不让进入betiredof讨厌厌倦beinterestedin对感兴趣beproudof以为自豪/骄傲befullof充满besureof确信saPhelloto向问好takepartin参加breakinto闯入takecareof照顾，关心，保管bebusPwith忙于bestrictwith对严格要求catchupwith跟上，赶上havenothin
37、gtodowith与无关gotoschool上学gotobedsleep睡觉bekindtosb.对某人友好beusedto习惯于4.看似相同，但意义有别的词组：1）.介词词组(1)attable在进餐atthetable在桌子旁（=besidethedesk）(2)atdesk在读书或做作业atthedesk在书桌旁(3)atschool在校上学（指学生）attheschool在学校（指教职工）(4)infrontofthebus在公共汽车的前面（不在车上）inthefrontofthebus在公共汽车的前部（在车上）(5)atsea在航海中atthesea在海边(6)bPdaP白天bPth
38、edaP按日，论日(7)inclass在上课，在课内intheclass在这个班(8)inred穿着红色的衣服inthered负债，亏损(9)inhospital住院（指病人）inthehospital（因事）在医院(10)inoffice在办公，执政intheoffice在办公室(11)inplaceof代替，而不是intheplaceof在地方(12)incaseof万一，如果inthecaseof就来说，至于(13)ofage成年人ofanage同龄人(14)outofoffice离职outoftheoffice离开办公室2）含有介词的动词词组(1)comeoutofhospital（病
39、好出院comeoutofthehospital（因事）从医院里出来(2)comeoutofprison（刑满）释放comeoutoftheprison（因事）从监狱里出来(3)gotoschool去上学gototheschool（因事）去学校(4)gotocollege上大学gotothe/acollege去一所学校（办事）(5)gotohospital去住院gotothehospital（因事）去医院(6)gotosea当海员gotothesea去海边(7)gotocourt起诉gotothecourt（因事）去法庭(8)gotochurch做礼拜gotothechurch（因事）去教堂(9)keephouse管理家务keepthehouse守在家里(10)takeplace发生taketheplace代替