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1、规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加ed构构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。词表。过去分词过去分词1.verb-ed used as the attributivea.及物动词的过去分词具有被动和完成的意义及物动词的过去分词具有被动和完成的意义a cloned baby a wounded soldier an unexpected guestb.不及物动词的过去分词具有主动和完成意义不及物动词的过去分词具有主动和完成意义 the risen sun a retired officer the highly praised sc
2、ientist c. 合成的过去分词合成的过去分词 well-done work well-trained firefighters*单个分词作定语，通常前置单个分词作定语，通常前置*过去分词短语作定语，常后置，其作用相当于定语从句过去分词短语作定语，常后置，其作用相当于定语从句a letter written in pencil= a letter which was written in pencilTranslate the following phrases:1) 一个被收养的孩子一个被收养的孩子2) 一张用过的邮票一张用过的邮票3) 发达中国家发达中国家4) 开过了的水开过了的水5)
3、 一个受伤的女人一个受伤的女人6) 一座十年前修的桥一座十年前修的桥7) 陷在大火中的人们陷在大火中的人们an adopted childa used stampdeveloped countriesboiled wateran injured womana bridge built 10 years agothe people trapped in the fire2. verb-ed used as predicative :过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作表语时作表语时,其作用相当于形容词，说明的其作用相当于形容词，说明的是主语的状态是主语的状态,其合成形容词也可以作表语其合成形容词也可以
4、作表语.eg: He appeared more satisfied with my work.They are well-behaved and well-spoken.Tip:*由由well修饰或构成合成词的还有修饰或构成合成词的还有: built, cooked, done, dressed, known, organized, prepared, written; *过去分词作表语时，其后可以接介词短语，过去分词作表语时，其后可以接介词短语，不定式短语及不定式短语及that引导的从句引导的从句(相当于宾语）相当于宾语）eg: He is worried about his wifes
5、safety.The mother was pleased to hear from her son.I am satisfied that you didnt tell a lie.*有些过去分词常跟在有些过去分词常跟在 get 之后，之后，get相当于相当于 beget paid/ married/ burnt/separated1) The news was very exciting. I was _ at it. 2) The book is interesting. He is _ in it.3) The question is puzzling. He is _ at the
6、question.4) The scene was frightening. I was _ by the scene. Change the following sentences using V-ed form.excitedinterestedpuzzledfrighteneda.在在feel, hear see之后之后 I saw his eyes fixed on me in curiosity.b.在有些可跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词后在有些可跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词后,如如:discover, find, keep, leave.Keep your mouth shut.c.
7、在有些可跟动词不定式作宾补的动词后在有些可跟动词不定式作宾补的动词后,如如: hate, like, love, need ,prefer, want, wish.Kate would like her room painted white.d.在使役动词在使役动词get, have, make后后I shall make my views known to everybody.3. V-ed form used as the object complement:e. with +宾语宾语+过去分词过去分词结构结构 此结构中此结构中,过去分词用作介词过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语的宾语
8、补足语.这一结这一结构通常在句中作时间构通常在句中作时间,方式方式,条件条件,原因等状语原因等状语. (1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. (tie)(2) With water_, we can see the steam. (heat) (3) With the matter_, we all went home. (settle)(4) She stood in front of him, with her eyes _ on his face. (fix)(5) With no body _
9、 on time, the headmaster was angry. (turn up)(6) He stood for an instant with his hand still _. (raise)heatedsettledfixedraisedturning uptiedPractice:1) He tried to make himself _ by his students in class. (understand)2) I had my hair _ yesterday. (cut)3) The teacher had the student _ a whole class.
10、 (stand)*现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；成逻辑上的主谓关系；*过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。成逻辑上的动宾关系。 understoodcutstanding4) I often hear the song _(sing) in English. I heard him _(sing) the song next door when I passed by.sungsinging5) The lost boy was last seen _(
11、play) near the river. We hope to see the new game _(play) in the 2008 Olympic Games.playingplayed6) With so much work _, I feel stressed. (do)7) The cashier whom I had had _ me told me the truth. (help)8) Who will you have _ charge of the project? (take) to do help take*在句中做状语，也可与从属连词在句中做状语，也可与从属连词w
12、hen, while, once, until, if, unless, though. as ,as if 等一起构成等一起构成“连词过去分连词过去分词词”的结构此结构中的逻辑主语和主句中的主语是一致的的结构此结构中的逻辑主语和主句中的主语是一致的4. V-ed form used as the adverbial:1)If I am given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 2)Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 3)If t
13、he medicine is taken on time, it will take effect.4)Followed by a group of dogs, the trainer appeared.Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. When the city is seen from the top of the hill, it looks more beautiful to us.Taken on time, the medicine will take effect.The trainer appeared
14、and was followed by a group of dogs. 分词在句中作状语，和句子的主语存在分词在句中作状语，和句子的主语存在逻辑关系。通常情况下，主动关系用现在分逻辑关系。通常情况下，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。词，被动关系用过去分词。eg: Encouraged by the teacher, he is now working harder on English.Listening to the teacher, he made some notes .1) _ the two sentences, youll find the rule.2) _ with
15、that sentence, this one is more difficult.ComparingCompared3) _(see) from the hill, the lake is more beautiful.4) _(see) from the hill, we saw a beautiful lake.SeenSeeing*有些过去分词因来源于系表结构有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不强调被动作状语时不强调被动,而强调状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有而强调状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost; seated; hidden; stationed (驻扎驻扎);
16、 lost / absorbed in (沉溺于沉溺于); born; dressed in; tired of; determined to do; buried in 等等eg: Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.Determined to be the first to come to school, he got up very early that morning.2)_ in a red dress, she was easy to pick out in the big crowd.Being dre
17、ssed B. DressedA. C. Dressing D. Wearing1)_her performance a success, she spent many sleepless nights. Committed to makingB. Being committed to makeC. Having been committed to makingD. To be committed to makeKeys to Multiple choices:1-10 ADBAA BADAB 11-20 DCDAD DCBDB 21-24 ABCCII. Translation:1. 这扇朝
18、南的窗户是破的。这扇朝南的窗户是破的。The window facing the south is broken. 2. 我们的班主任是一位受人爱戴的女性。我们的班主任是一位受人爱戴的女性。Our head teacher is a woman loved by all.3. 正在被建的那栋大楼将是我们的新图书馆。正在被建的那栋大楼将是我们的新图书馆。The building being built now is to be our new library.4. 输掉那场比赛后，她看上去很失望。输掉那场比赛后，她看上去很失望。Losing the game, she looked disapp
19、ointed5. 从不同角度看，这个物品变化很大。从不同角度看，这个物品变化很大。 Seen from the different angles, the object varies a lot.6. 那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 Surrounded by his students , the professor sat there cheerfully . Homework:All the exercises about verb-ed.非谓语动词（非谓语动词（doing/to do/done）做状语的注意点：）做状语的注意点
20、：非谓语动词作状语时，非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语其逻辑主语为句子的主语，解题，解题时要注意以下几点：时要注意以下几点：1. 不定式（不定式（to do）作状语通常表示目的和结果。若做结）作状语通常表示目的和结果。若做结果状语常指意料之外或令人不快的结果，不定式前常有果状语常指意料之外或令人不快的结果，不定式前常有only. 1) She made a bamboo box _(keep) the little sick bird until it could fly.2) He hurried to the station only _(tell) the train had
21、left.3) Grammatical differences between BE and AE are so few as hardly _ (notice)to keepto be toldto be noticed2. 现在分词现在分词(doing)作状语，表示主语是现在分词动作的发作状语，表示主语是现在分词动作的发出者，即现在分词和主语之间为主谓关系。出者，即现在分词和主语之间为主谓关系。 1) As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _, and asked myself what I was going to do
22、. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved2) _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited点拨点拨：若现在分词与谓语动词动作同时发生或无时间性若现在分词与谓语动词动作同时发生或无时间性, ,用用一般式一般式(doing)；如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式；如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式
23、(having done)。3. 过去分词作状语，表示主语是过去分词动作的承受者，过去分词作状语，表示主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词和主语之间为动宾关系。即过去分词和主语之间为动宾关系。 1) _(see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 2) _(follow) by a group of students, the teacher entered the classroom.3) _(translate) into English, the sentence w
24、as found to have an entirely different word order.4) _ to hospital in time, the wounded soldiers were saved at last.A. Being taken B. TakingC. Having taken D. Having been takenSeen Followed Translated True or false1) Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 2) He being an orphan, the nurse tre
25、ated him kindly. 3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. FTT点拨：点拨：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语同句非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语同句子的主语如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑子的主语如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构独立主格结构或用状语从句。或用状语从句。(独立主格结构独立主格结构)(状语从句状语从句)2) The key_，she went through her handbag carefully. A. hadnt been fo
26、und B. having not been found C. not having been found D. wasnt found1) Such _ the case, I couldnt help but _ him.Abeing; support Bis; to support Chas been; supporting Dbe; supported4) _ Aids had left a scar on Ajani and his sister, their grandfathers face turned white. A. When he heard B. Having heard C. When hearing D. On hearing3) The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. A. finishing B. finishedC. had finished D. were finished