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1、1 大学英语四级模拟试卷Part I. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage 1 Every country tends to acce
2、pt its own way of life as being normal one and to praise or criticize others as they are similar to or different from it. And unfortunately, our picture of the people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted one. Here is a great argument in favor of traveling abroad and learning f
3、oreign languages. It is only by traveling or living in a country and getting to know its inhabitants and their language that one can find out what a country and its people are like. And how different the knowledge one gains this way frequently turns out to be from the second-hand information gathere
4、d from other sources! How often we find that the foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from ourselves are not very different after all. Differences between peoples do, of course, exist and, one hopes, will always continue to exist. The world will be a dull place indeed when all the
5、different nationalities behave exactly alike, and some people might say that we are rapidly approaching this state of affairs. With almost the whole of Western Europe belonging to the European Economic Community (EEC) and the increasing standardization this brings about, plus the much greater rapidi
6、ty and ease of travel, there might seem some truth in this at least as far as Europe is concerned. However this may be, at lest the greater ease of travel today has revealed to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not some different animal from themselves. 1. Th
7、e passage is mostly concerned with the issue of _. A. advantages of the EEC B. attitudes towards other countries C. learning foreign languages D. differences among people 2. According to the author, _. A. our knowledge of other cultures are always wrong B. reading books about other countries is the
8、safest way of understanding their peoples C. there are more similarities than differences among different people D. there are more differences than similarities among different people 3. Some people think that European peoples are identifying themselves with each other because of the following EXCEP
9、T _. A. the establishment of the EEC 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 B. the greater rapidity and ease of travel C. the increasing standardization D. the rapid industrialization 4. The clause “ However this may be ” sugges
10、ts that _. A. the author is going to introduce a new idea B. the author is about to avoid any conclusion C. the author is about to give up his own point of view D. the author will stick to his own point of view 5. The passage seems to attach importance to _. A. the greater ease of travel nowadays th
11、an before B. the uncontrollable tendency to identification C. the similarities in terms of way of life between different cultures D. the differences between European peoples and other nations Passage 2 The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks
12、that baffle （难住） the most advanced supercomputer recognizing a face, reading a handwritten noteare child s play for the 3-pound organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the brain can learn from its mistakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brain s
13、 abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator it must be built more like a brain, which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells, o
14、r neurons. Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neura
15、l-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns. Instead of programming a neural-
16、network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine. Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now most existed as software simulations （模拟品）because redesigning computer chips took a lot of
17、 time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes. 6. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer _. A. can recognize a face and read a handwritten note 名师资料总结 - -
18、 -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 B. can learn from its mistakes C. weigh only 3 pounds D. cannot distribute information across an interconnected web of nerve cells 7. What is NOT true of a conventional computer? A. It must be progra
19、mmed before it works. B. It can only solve one problem at a time. C. It is good at solving one problem at a time. D. It is trained to recognize patterns instead of making decisions. 8. The main feature of a neural-network computer is that _. A. its processors act as an interconnected web of neutrons
20、 B. it is programmed to make decisions C. its networks are of all shapes and sizes D. its neurons are artificial 9. The expression “ this two-dimensional approach ”in the second paragraph refers to _. A. the conventional computer and the neural computer B. making decisions and recognizing patterns C
21、. sharing information and performing tasks D. the computer and the human brain 10. Scientists use software rather than hardware in their experiments because _. A. it can avoid redesigning computer chips B. it can save a lot of time and money C. it can avoid making mistakes D. it is more like the hum
22、an brain Passage 3 Teenagers who have done well in high school are usually confident and college-boundbut they are not the majority. Many of their peers have not yet learned necessary survival skills or experienced any feeling of achievement. They lack both the job skills and the sophistication that
23、 are needed to find work in a tight job market. Their sagging （消沉的） self-image is not improved when they are rejected by prospective employers who have neither the time nor the budget to train raw recruits. Today business and industry are engaged in myriad mysterious machinations （谋划）that challenge
24、the understanding of even the brightest adult. No wonder young people, fresh out of senior government class, are lost! Some high schools acknowledge students needs by offering work experience and career observation and exploration programs. Often the shyest, least successful students will not even a
25、pply. For many, approaching the first rung（梯级） of the career ladder is the most difficult step in the entire lifetime career process. Statistics show that the unemployment rate for young adults is two to three times higher than the rate for the remainder of the population. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - -
26、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 Walter Williams, who teaches at Temple University, favors a lower minimum age and wage for teenagers. He maintains such changes would increase employment for the young, especially minorities, allowing them to step u
27、p onto the first rung of the career ladder and gain badly needed work experience. Such services as movie ushering and car hopping might be reinstated （恢复） without taking jobs away from older people. 11. According to the author, most high school teenagers _. A. are confident B. are stupid C. lack con
28、fidence D. lack financial support 12. The word “ peers ” in line 2, paragraph 1 means _. A. children B. parents C. noblemen D. equals 13. At the beginning of the second paragraph, the author tries to convince the reader that _. A. teenagers are not to blame for the present situation B. young people
29、are not doing well in some high schools C. there is something wrong with the government s policies D. adults are certainly cleverer than teenagers 14. The author believes that _. A. young people should take firm steps to start their careers B. young people should help the adults whenever they can C.
30、 high school graduates should choose to go to college first D. unemployment should be done away with in this country 15. Walter Williams thinks that _. A. young people all need to earn some pocket money B. some jobs suit the young only C. only students with work experience are suitable for college e
31、ducation D. young people all need some work experience Passage 4 There is no question that the poor are sicker. Unfortunately, there are no nationwide mortality（死亡率） statistics by income. One of the best studies has been a recent comparison of poverty and non-poverty areas in Chicago (This does not
32、permit really fine analysis, because of the limitations of area comparisons). Crude mortality in poverty areas was only three per cent higher than in non-poverty area; but the people in poverty areas are younger, and if it had been possible to compute age-specific rates, the differences would be muc
33、h greater. Differentials（差异） in infant mortality were very large75 per cent higher in poverty than in non-poverty areas. In both cases, the differences between white and nonwhite were even more substantial than between poverty and non-poverty areas. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
34、 - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 The clearest and best evidence of poorer health among the poor is to be found in studies of days of disability per person per year, where differences of the order of two-to-one are found. Those in families with income of under $2,000 a yea
35、r have 29 restricted activity days a year, while those with family income over $4,000 a year have less than half that, 13 restricted activity days a year. But while the poor are sicker, the differences in the utilization of health care are not as marked as one might expect. The same study which repo
36、rted twice as many disability days for those under $2,000 a year as for those over $4,000 a year showed lesser differences with respect to the use of doctors. Fifty-nine per cent of the poorer group have consulted a doctor in the previous year, 13 per cent a specialist, compared with 73 per cent and
37、 28 per cent of the better-off income groups. These differences in health care utilization by poor and non-poor, which were once extreme, are now declining. Indeed, in some settings they are now reversed. In 1928-31, families with an income of more than $5,000 spent 11 times as much on medical care
38、as families with income under $1,200. In 1962, families with incomes of more than &7,000 spent only 37 per cent more on medical care than families with incomes under $2,000. 16. Compared with that in non-poverty areas, crude mortality of young people in poverty areas is _. A. slightly lower B. more
39、or less the same C. slightly higher D. much higher 17. The most striking contrasts in mortality can be found between _. A. different areas B. different races C. different families D. different income groups 18. “ Restricted activity days” are days when _. A. sick people have to stay in hospital for
40、further treatment B. one takes a long holiday away from work C. sick people have to keep from their normal activities D. one is restricted in his freedom of action 19. The difference that is diminishing between the poor and the non-poor is that in _. A. the utilization of health care B. the opportun
41、ities of employment C. their living conditions D. their state of health 20. From the passage (as the beginning paragraphs of a long article), it is very likely that the author will go on to discuss _. A. how to eliminate poverty in the U.S.A. B. how to gather nationwide mortality statistics by incom
42、e C. how to help those poor people who are sick 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 D. how to train more qualified doctors for the rich people Part II. Vocabulary and structure (20%)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentenc
43、es in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best complete the sentence. 1. The mayor tried to _ every citizen in the cleanup campaign. A. enlist B. entitle C. gain D. regain 2. Sand had _ at the mouth of the river and formed a bank which boa
44、ts could not pass. A. collected B. accumulated C. assembled D. added 3. This work will cost over 1 million, which is more than we can afford; _, we cannot do it at this time. A. then B. still C. however D. hence 4. Someone pressed a switch and all the lights on the Christmas tree _ on together. A. f
45、lushed B. gazed C. flashed D. shivered 5. Disaster _ them when they were caught in Germany at the beginning of World War II. A. betrayed B. befell C. dropped D. sank 6. The pressure of too much homework has led to an evident _ in interest in sports among the students. A. absence B. minimum C. shorta
46、ge D. decline 7. The road _ over two hundred miles through the heart of the country. A. stretched B. prolonged C. expanded D. approached 8. In spite of all _ has been said, the tourists have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree trunk. A. which B. what C. that D. as 9. Can you _ th
47、e TV set for me so that it is not too bright? A. switch B. change C. balance D. adjust 10. We have plenty of bread, _ butter, we have more than enough. A. as for B. owing to C. except for D. out of 11. People of all countries are expected to _ the principles of the United Nations. . A. uphold B. ins
48、pect 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 C. exaggerate D. integrate 12. The bicycle is a form of transportation whose _ we take for granted. A. satisfaction B. convenience C. expenditure D. coordination 13. You really ought t
49、o _-all these late nights are doing you no good. A. pull through B. slow down C. bring down D. pass through 14. After retirement my father _ enormous pleasure from his coin collection. A. figured B. released C. derived D. attached 15. It s typical _ Peter to waste time when he knows we are already l
50、ate. A. for B. about C. with D. of 16. In this way, smokers will know which brands are most _ to affect their health. A. definitely B. likely C. naturally D. certainly 17. Unless the contract is signed immediately, I shall _ my offer. A. acquire B. withdraw C. relieve D. depart 18. What he s saying