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1、人教课标人教课标高一高一 必修必修 1 Unit 21. He said: “Ive left my pen in my room.” He told me that he had left his pen in his room.She said that he would be busy.2. She said: “He will be busy.” She asked Tom if/whether he could help her.3. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 1. 陈述句的间接引语陈述句的间接引语连接词用连接词用that, 在在 口语中
2、可省略。引述动词用口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told,等。例如：等。例如： He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2. 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接 词用词用if或或whether，而引述选择疑问句时，而引述选择疑问句时 只能用只能用whether，引述动词用，引述动词用asked，没，没 有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等。等。 例如：例如： She said
3、to Tom, “Can you help me?” She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 3. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?” 4. 如何变时态：如何变时态： 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般一般现在时现在时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在
4、完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变如：如：1) She said, “I have lost a pen.” She said she had lost a pen.2) She said, “We hope so.” She said they hoped so.3) She said, “He will go to see his friend.” She said he would go to see his friend.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直但要注意在以下几
5、种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。不变化。(1) 直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.(2) 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时月、某日
6、作状语，变为间接引语时, 时态不变。时态不变。 Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 21, 1980.(3) 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的的, ,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的在的, ,变间接引语时变间接引语时, ,时态保持不变。时态保持不变。 The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day.” The boy told us he
7、 usually gets up at six every day. (4) 若直接引语中含有若直接引语中含有when, since, while等等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句引导的表示过去的时间状语从句, 变间变间接引语时接引语时, 从句时态不变。如：从句时态不变。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.” She said she had gone there when she was six years old. (5) 若直接引语的谓语中含有若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, u
8、sed to, ought to, had better等动词时。如：等动词时。如： She said, “We should help each other.” She said we should help each other. 5. 如何变状语：如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在内在规律规律，时间状语由，时间状语由“现在现在”改为改为“原原来来”例例: now变为变为then, yesterday变为变为 the day before, today变为变为that day。 地点状语地点状语, 尤其表示方向性的尤其表示方向性的, 或用指或
9、用指示代词修饰的状语示代词修饰的状语, 由由“此此”改为改为“彼彼”。 (例例: this 改为改为that), 如：如： He said, “These books are mine.” He said those books were his.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化化: this that; these those ; now then; yesterday the day before; today that day; tomorrow the next day; next week (month, year) the next week (m
10、onth, year); ago before; here there 祈使句的间接引语祈使句的间接引语 采用采用“动词动词 + 宾语宾语 + 不定式不定式” 结构结构:told / asked / ordered sb. (not) to do sth.1. 如果祈使句是表示如果祈使句是表示请求请求，间接引语的，间接引语的动词常用动词常用ask，如果是表示，如果是表示命令命令，间接，间接引语的动词常用引语的动词常用tell, order, command等。等。2. 有些表示有些表示建议建议的祈使句，变成间的祈使句，变成间接引语时一般用接引语时一般用suggest doing / sugge
11、st that sb. (should) do . 或或advise sb. to do / advise that sb. (should) do .。如：。如： “Lets go camping this weekend,” Tom said to us. Tom suggested (us) _ that weekend. Tom suggested that _ _ that weekend.going camping we (should) go camping直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)祈使句祈使句The officer said to him
12、, “Dont leave your post.”不定式不定式The officer ordered him not to leave his post.直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)Lets开头的祈使句开头的祈使句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.”that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I suggested him that we (should) start at once.直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)感叹句感叹句He said: “How happy I am!”that/w
13、hat/how引导引导的宾语从句的宾语从句He said that he was very happy.He said how happy he was.例如例如: 1. The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” The mother asked Tom to get up early.2. The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 例例如：如： He said,
14、 “Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film.或或 He suggested that they should go to see the film.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest + 动句词（或从句）。动句词（或从句）。” 适当改动引用动词，可以使用适当改动引用动词，可以使用whatwhat和和howhow作连词，语序不变；也可使用作连词，语序不变；也可使用thatthat引导，将句子变成相应的宾语从句。引导，将句子变成相应的宾
15、语从句。感叹句从直接引语变为间感叹句从直接引语变为间接引语时，要注意：接引语时，要注意： 如果直接引语中的谓语动词是一般如果直接引语中的谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时或将来时，变成现在时、现在完成时或将来时，变成间接引语时，时态无需变化。（这一间接引语时，时态无需变化。（这一点同样适用于陈述句和疑问句。）点同样适用于陈述句和疑问句。）直接引语与间接引语之间的转换规律直接引语与间接引语之间的转换规律繁多，但同学们要记住：语言是活生繁多，但同学们要记住：语言是活生生的，在平时的学习中要灵活掌握并生的，在平时的学习中要灵活掌握并使用这些规则。使用这些规则。 将下列直接引语变为间接引语。将下列直接引
16、语变为间接引语。1. “Speak English more often than just in class,” our English teacher said to us._ _._.Our English teacher suggested that we (should) speak English more often than just in classOur English teacher suggested speaking English more often than just in class2. “Dont play with fire, little boy,” h
17、is grandfather said._ _.His grandfather told the little boy not to play with fire3. Kate said, “Lets discuss the problem tomorrow.”_ _._ _.Kate suggested discussing the problem the next dayKate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day4. “Do be quiet, please!” Miss Helen said to th
18、e noisy boys._ _.Miss Helen demanded the noisy boys to be quiet5. My sister said, “Youd better tidy your room by yourself.”_ _.My sister advised me to tidy my room by myself6. Li Ming said to me, “Will you keep the secret for me?”_ _.Li Ming asked me to keep the secret for him7. My teacher always said, “What an interesting and challenging job teaching is!”_ _ _.My teacher always said what an interesting and challenging job teaching was8. “Happy weekend to you!” my teacher said to us last Friday._ _.My teacher wished us a happy weekend last Friday1. Finish Page 50 Exercise 2 in Workbook.