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1、(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的表示说话人所说的话不是事实话不是事实, 而是一种假设而是一种假设, 愿望愿望, 怀疑或推怀疑或推测。测。二二. if 虚拟条件句的概念虚拟条件句的概念由由 if 引导的虚拟条件句叫作引导的虚拟条件句叫作 if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句I could easily recognize him if I had seen before.三三. if Sentence Structure if 虚拟条件句的结构虚拟条件句的结构a. 表示表示与现在事实相反与现在事实相反的假设的假设b. 表示表示与过去事实相反与过去事实相反的假设的假设c. 表示表示
2、与将来事实相反与将来事实相反的假设的假设观察观察1：If I were you, I should finish my homework at first. 如果我是你，我会先完成家庭作业。如果我是你，我会先完成家庭作业。(2) If I had time, I would go there. 如果我有空，我会去那儿。如果我有空，我会去那儿。总结总结1： 表示与现在事实相反，表示与现在事实相反，if 从句用过去时从句用过去时were, V+ed, (1) 主句用主句用would/should/could+ V.(原形原形)If I won the lottery, I would buy an
3、 expensive car. If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill
4、in the blanks.c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.were notcould bewerewould ask 观察观察2： (3) If you had come earlier, you could have caught that bus. 如果你来早点，你就会赶上那辆公共汽如果你来早点，你就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。车了。 (4) If he had se
5、en you yesterday, he would have returned your book. 如果昨天他看到你，他就会还你书。如果昨天他看到你，他就会还你书。总结总结2：表示与过去的事实相反，：表示与过去的事实相反，if 从句用过去完成时从句用过去完成时had done 主句用主句用 would/could/should + have done.2. 与过去的事实相反与过去的事实相反从句的谓语从句的谓语用用had过去分词过去分词, 构成构成If I (we, you, he, they)had过去分词的过去分词的形式；形式；主句的谓语主句的谓语用用should(第一人称第一人称)/w
6、ould (第二、三人称第二、三人称) /could/might have 动动词过去分词。词过去分词。 If we had reviewed the text, we should have pass the exam.If he _ (drive)more carefully, he _ ( not have)the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) u
7、p earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould have goneIf he were to come tomorrow, he should help me with my physics. 假如他明天来，他会帮助我复习物理假如他明天来，他会帮助
8、我复习物理的。的。(6) If he should see me tomorrow, he would know me. 假如他明天看见我，就会认识我了。假如他明天看见我，就会认识我了。总结总结: 表示于将来事实相反，表示于将来事实相反，if 从句可用从句可用were to ; should+v; 过去式过去式 主句用主句用would/should + v. (原原)观察观察3：If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you w
9、ere to succeed, everything would be all right.a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power.b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?should beshould makewould happenshould get upPRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanksc. If Robots _ (control) the world some da
10、y, here _ (be) no friendship.were to controlwould be条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语从句的谓语形式形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去时过去时(were)would/could/should/might +v. (原原)虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓从句的谓语形式语形式 主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去过去过去完成过去完成时时would/could/should/might + have+ p.p.条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语从句的谓语形式形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语
11、形式未来未来1. 过去时过去时2. should+ v.3. were to dowould/could/ should/ might +v. (原原)二二. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在wish后面的后面的宾语从句宾语从句中的用法中的用法表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词从句动词用用过去式过去式 (be动词一般用动词一般用were) 。 I wish I had a big house of my own.I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I were a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.I wis
12、h/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动词从句动词常用常用“had过去分词过去分词”。对过去发生的事情表示遗对过去发生的事情表示遗憾和后悔。憾和后悔。The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形从句动词形式为式为 “ would动词原形动词原形”。 但愿你立刻来。但愿你立刻来。I wish you would come soon.I wish it would rain
13、tomorrow.关于虚拟语气关于虚拟语气 辩析辩析1关于虚拟语气关于虚拟语气 辩析辩析2 2关于虚拟语气关于虚拟语气 辩析辩析3 3关于虚拟语气关于虚拟语气 辩析辩析4 4从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。入空白处的最佳选项。1. Have you ever been to Beijing? No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had2. If there were no water in the world, everything _. A. will die B. would die C
14、. would have died D. have died 3. I wish that I _ with you last night. A. could have gone B. could go C. have gone D. went 4. If I _ you, I _ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall pay B. am; will pay C. would be; would pay D. were; would pay 5. I wish that you _ such a bad heada
15、che because Im sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. wouldnt have B. didnt haveC. hadnt had D. havent had The end 句型练习句型练习 (用用If I were you句型翻译下句型翻译下列句子列句子)1. 我要是你的话我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。我就会把英语学好。2. 如果你昨天来如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。你就会看见他。3. 万一明天下雨万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。我们就不到那儿去。4. 我希望我十年前认识他。我希望我十年前认识他。5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。Homework38 结束语结束语