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1、钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井 drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling 杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling 轻便钻井portable drilling 直井 straight hole 深井 deep well 超深井 super deep well 地热井 geothermal well 热采井 thermal production well 工程井 engineering rejection well 工程报废井abandoned well 弃井 abandoned well
2、钻井设计well design 钻井质量 drilling quality 岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock 矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook 肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shis hardness 矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral 岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock 矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral 岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock 矿物的切变模量shear modulus of
3、 mineral 岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock 矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock 岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock 岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock 岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by int
4、ernal pressure 岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock 岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock 岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock 岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock 岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock 岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock 脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock 岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock 岩石塑
5、性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock 岩石的脆塑性转变压力临界压力brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock 岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock 岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock 岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock 岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith cri
6、terion of brittle failure of rock 统计强度理论statistical strength theory 岩石的外表破碎surface fracture of rock 岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock 岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock 岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock 地应力 in situ stress 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理
7、- - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata 测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure 围压 confining pressure 有效应力effective stress 压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer 岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness 钻具 drilling tool 钻柱 drill stem 复合钻柱co
8、mbination string 满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar 钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string 钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string 钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque 应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器 vibration dampene
9、r 稳定器 stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液 drilling fluids 水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids 淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids 低固相钻井液low solids fluids 低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids 抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids 盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids 饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fl
10、uids 钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids 钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids 混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids 生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids 油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids 反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids 平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids 泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液 sealing fluid
11、s 完井液 completion fluids 封隔夜 packer fluids 解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids 钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids 滤失 filtration API 滤失量 API filtration 高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration 动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼 filter cake 含砂量 sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids 亚甲
12、基兰实验methylene blue test 石灰含量lime content estimation 钻井液的酚酞碱度Pm alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度Pt alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度Mf alkalinity 造浆率 yield 破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage 钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity 触变性 thixotropic behavior 静切力 gel strength 初切力 initial gel strength 终切力 10-minuto gel strength
13、 剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids 粘土侵 clay contamination 盐侵 salt contamination 盐水侵 salt water contamination 钙侵 calcium contamination 砂侵 sand contamination
14、水侵 water contamination 气侵 gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives 降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂 thickening agent 膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite 降粘剂 thinning agents 加重剂 weighting agents 堵漏剂 lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid contro
15、l 钻屑 cutting 砂 sand 泥 silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids 钻进 drilling 钻进技术drilling technology 钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压 weight on bit 悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight 转速 rpm-revolution per minute 排量 rate of flow 零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点 neutral point 开钻 spud in 完钻 finishing drilling
16、 送钻 bit feed 方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺 footage 机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻 bit bouncing 跳钻 bit jumping 干钻 drilling at circulation break 打倒车 reverse rotation table 钻头泥包bit balling 划眼 redressing 扩眼 reamin1 放空 drilling break 吊打 easing the bit in 纠斜 hole straightening 侧钻 sidetracking 单根 single 双根 double
17、 立根 stand 接单根 king a connection 起下钻 trips 知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具 move the drill string 上卸扣 make up and break out 换钻头 change bit 鼠洞 rat hole 小鼠洞 mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling 射流 jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流 cavitation jet 射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet 射流等速 patential cor
18、e of jet 漫流 cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity 射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity 射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow 射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop 射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power 喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning 钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse
19、-power 喷嘴 nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity 流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient 钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system 钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flow Z 值 Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling 最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hyd
20、ra-ulic horse-power 最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force 最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit 喷射式钻
21、头optimum rate of mud flow 最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter 临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth 钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump 钻井泵的最大排工作状态额定工作功率工作状态the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump) 钻井泵的调节排量工作状态允许压力工作状态the regulat
22、ed flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump) 携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio 环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space 钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump 钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump 优化钻井技术opt
23、imum drilling technology 控制井 control well 钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables 钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables 钻井目标函数钻井泛函objective function of drilling procedure 钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure 钻速方程equation for drilling rate 二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variable
24、s 多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation 最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit 最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness 牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient 轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing 五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test 井下动力钻井hole bottom p
25、ower drilling 涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill 螺杆钻具positive displacement motor 涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine 涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill 涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo-drill 涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo-drill 涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolu
26、tion of turbo-drill 涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill 涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill 有效钻压effective bit-weight 涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo-drill 涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill 涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill 涡轮钻具合理钻进深度
27、optimum drill depth of turbo-drill 涡轮 -泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill-pump 涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo-drill 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀 starter gate valve 低速
28、大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill 复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill 定向井 directional well 定向要素 directional elements 井斜角 inclination 方位角 azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change 方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率 hole curvature 垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation 水平位移displacement or cl
29、osure distance 多底井 multi-bore well水平井 horizontal well 丛式井 cluster well or multiple wells 救除井 relief well 双筒井 dual wells 套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle增斜 increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle 降斜 decreasing hole angle or build-off hole angle 稳斜maintain angle 井身垂直投影
30、图vertical projection of borehole 井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole 正切法 tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method 曲率半径法radius of curvature method 圆弧法 arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method 圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹 catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cy
31、linder 造斜工具deflecting tool 槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮 short turbo-drill 钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub 复式弯涡轮bent multi-turbo-drill 水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool 造斜工具面tool face 造斜率 rate of over-all angle change 井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角 tool of rotation 工具面角tool face azim
32、uth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque 定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting 磁偏角 magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument 多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation 定向下钻orientation while going in hole 磁力定向法magnetic orientation method 斜口管鞋定向法
33、mule-shoe orientation method 取心 coring 岩心 core 岩心收获率recovery of core 取心方法coring method 局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation 长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel 密闭取心sealing core drilling 保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure 定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心 wire line coring 取心工具cor
34、ing tools 岩心筒 core barrel 单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel 双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel 喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bi
35、t 牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit 硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit 涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪 core gripper 卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip 卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring 板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider 箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar 割取岩心core breaking 机械加压
36、割心法core breaking by mechanical loading 投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure 投砂割心core breaking by pumping down 顶岩心 core extracting 各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure 钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure 孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure) 上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力 grain to g
37、rain pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control 异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction 欠压实 imcompaction 不渗透围栅 permeabillity barrier 快速沉积rapid deposition 构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure 地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection
38、 地震资料法seismic data method 机械钻速法penetration rate method d 指数法 d-exponent method dc 指数法dc-exponent method 标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate 页岩密度法shale density 溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging 氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log 返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature 化石资料法paleo-information 地球物理检测法
39、wire-line logs 中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test 综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology 地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure 地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction 漏失试验法leak-off test 胡伯特 -威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach 马修斯 -凯利法 method of Matthews and Kelly 伊顿法 method of E
40、aton 安德森法Andersons method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang s method 地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system 地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density 钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density 附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
41、 - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement波动压力激动压力surge pressure 抽汲压力 swabbing pressure 气体上窜gas channeling 天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility 溢流 overflow 井涌 kick 井喷 well blowout 地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control fo
42、r blowout循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone 压井 killing well 关井 closing well 硬关井 hard closing 软关井 soft closing 压井方法killing well method 工程师法等待加重量法engineer s method司钻法二次循环法drillers method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control 置换式压井法顶部压井法 displacement method 反循环 inverse circulating 循
43、环周 circulating circle 节流循环circulating with choke 防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments 防溢管 bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator 泵冲数计pump-stroke counter 钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator 真空除气器 vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector 井控模拟装置well control simulator 井喷失控的处理well blowout control
44、抢装井口installing wellhead 扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead 翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead 整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead 带帽子压井法 hatting kill well method 下封隔器压井killing well with packer method 换井口套管casing replacing 灭火 extinguishing 喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method
45、 爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂 extinguisher 固井 well cementing 套管程序 casing program 导管 conductor 表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings 生产套管production casing 套管柱 casing string 套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋 guiding shoe 套管鞋 casing shoe 套管扶正器 centralizer 泥饼刷 wall scratcher 浮籀 float collar 套管承托环 c
46、ement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋 cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket 注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规 drift diameter gauge 套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst 套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load 套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance 套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance 下
47、套管 running casing 活动套管moving casing 预应力 preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well 磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub 固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 43 页 - - - - - - - -
48、- 套管吊卡casing elevator 卡盘 casing spider 联顶节 top connecting collar 水泥头 connect head 水泥车 connecting truck 井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥 ?connect 油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect 膨润土水泥 bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement 膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement 树脂水泥浆resin cement 油基水泥浆di
49、esel-oil cement 橡胶水泥浆latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement 石膏水泥混合物 gypsam cement 火山灰水泥 pozzolan cement 抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement 双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry 冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cement API 水泥分级API cement classification 水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them 稠度仪 consist-m
50、eter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry 水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration 出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature 水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength 水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement 水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive 速凝剂 accelerator