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1、精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除辅导教案 课题专题 七 连词 教学目标1连词的分类2并列连词和从属连词的基本用法3常用连词的用法辨析重点难点1. 常用连词的用法2.区分、运用意义相近的连词及特殊用法考点分析：中考连词的考查常出现在单项选择题中，赋分在2-3分，近五年对连词的考查热点主要在引导从句的从属连词上。预计2012年中考对连词的考查可能主要在连词短语和从属连词方面教学步骤及教学内容一、 检查作业，复习上节课的内容二、 讲解本节课的重点语法内容：连词。掌握连词的分类和用法并列连词有：and, but, or, nor, so, for yet, however, as we
2、ll as, both.and, not only.but also, either.or, neither.nor, still, 从属连词有：after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, if, unless, lest, because, than, that, whether, so that, in order that, as if, as though, although, suppose that, provided, that, as.as, now that, such.that, in case that, on
3、condition tha 三、近义连词的辨析四、中考链接五、课堂总结六、布置作业 专题七 连词 讲义一、连词主要包括并列连词和从属连词。在句子中，连词起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它本身在句子里不单独做句子成分。连词，是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分，但可以起连接的作用，即连接词与词或句与句。例如：We may be leaving today or tomorrow. 我们可能今天或明天走。（连接词与词） Now I must go or I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走，否则晚会我就要迟到了。（连接句与句）二、连词的种类 连词有两类：
4、1）从属连词：引导从句。随着从句作用不同，它们又可分为几类：从句种类主要从属连词从句种类主要从属连词时间从句When，while，as before，after，until，till，whenever原因从句because， as， since条件从句If, unless, supposing suppose让步从句although，though even,though(if) while目的从句in order that, so that 方式从句as like the way as if as though结果从句sothat, suchthat, so that so地点从句Where,
5、 wherever比较从句than as此外还有 that, whether 等从属连词可引导名词从句，在句中担任主语、宾语等Practice1. (2011肇庆)cant understand this sentence _there are no new words in it.A:if B: because C:though D:as2. (2011)Youll be late _you dont get up early tomorrow morningA:if B: when C:before D:until 3. (2010广东)Hi,boys,please dont go bac
6、k home _the rain stops,or youll get wet.A:because B: since C:but D:until4. (2009深圳)_you go across the road ,you must be careful.A:Since B: After C:When D:Before2） 并列连词：连接两个互不依从的次、短语或分句：Slow but sure. 要慢而稳。（连接单词）Shell be back either this week or next week. 她将在这周或下周回来。（连接短语）I went and she went also. 我
7、去了，她也去了。（连接分句）并列连词有下面几类：表示意思转折的连词but yet however nevertheless表示因果关系的连词for so therefore hence 其他并列连词and or eitheror neithernor not onlybut also bothand as well as从属连词1. 引导时间状语从句的连词这类连词主要有：(1)when: Dont get excited when you talk. 讲话时别激动。When he got up he felt dizzy. 他站起身时感到头晕。 (2)while:We must strike
8、while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。While she ate she grew more restless. 她一边吃一边变得更加忐忑不安。（3）as:As he spoke two men came up. 在他讲话时两个人走了进来。He smiled as he passed. 他经过时笑了笑。（4）before:Look before you leap. 三思而后行。It will be five years before we meet again. 要五年后咱们才能再相见。（5）after:I arrived after he had left. 在他走后
9、我到了。Ill tell them after you have left. 你走后我在告诉他们。（6）until, till :Ill take no steps until you arrive. 你来之前我不会采取什么行动。I propose waiting till the police get here. 我建议等警察来了再说。 （7）since:How long is it since you came to London? 你到伦敦有多久了？It was years since I had seen her. 我有好多年没见到她了。（8）whenever:I go and vis
10、it him whenever Im in town. 我每次进城都去看他。Whenever possible, they play outside. 一有机会他们就到外面玩耍。练一练（2011河南）The baby is only one year old ,so he doesnt speak _Write.A: and B:or C: so D: but (2011辽宁)She is listening to the music _he is washing clothes.A：after B:before C:while D:until 2. 引导条件状语从句的连词1）条件状语从句主要
11、由if, unless, supposing(suppose)引导：I must leave if thats the case. 如果情况如此我就得走了。He will come if asked. 如果邀请的话他会来的。I wont write unless he writes first. 我不写信，除非他先给我写。Ill go there tomorrow unless it rains. 除非下雨，否则我明天去那里。Supposing that he asks you, will you go? 假定他请你去，你会去吗？Supposing his plan goes wrong, w
12、hat will you do then? Suppose she finds out, what shall we do then? 假如她发现了，我们怎么办？Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假定你明天失业，你怎么办？I will agree to go provided(providing) (that) my expenses are paid.如果有人给我掏路费我将同意去。She agreed to go and work there provided that her family could go wit
13、h her.Ill dry the dishes, providing that you do the washing-up. 如果你刷盘子，我就将它们擦干。2）条件状语从句还有其他形式：You will always have a home as long as I have anything.只要我有家产，你就永远会有一个家。Theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed. 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。此外，as long as, so long as, in case, even if 都起连词作用。3. 引导目的状语从句的连词，引导目的的状语
14、从句的连词主要有下面这些：He left early in order that his children would not be alone in the house. 他早早动身，以免孩子们单独待在家里。I lent him 50 in order(so )that he might go for a holiday.我借给他50英镑，使他能去渡假。Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.让她快点把信打好，以便我能签字。Please interpret this Chinese womans remarks
15、 so that I can understand them.请翻译一下这位中国妇女的话以便我能听动。Cant you fix it somehow so you could stay longer?难道你不能作某种安排以便能多待些日子？Ill give him a map so he wont get lost. 我会给他一张地图免得他迷路。She did it that he might go free. 她这样做以便他能获得自由。I am anxious to get done that I may be back in Ireland. 我急于完成此事以便能返回爱尔兰。He hurri
16、ed on, lest she should meet him again. 他赶紧往前走，惟恐她再碰到他。He hid the money lest it should be stolen. 他把钱藏起来惟恐别人偷去4. 引导结果状语从句的连词1）结果状语从句主要由sothat和suchthat 引导：He was so young that you must excuse him. 他那样年轻，你得原谅他。He was so fat that he couldnt get though the door.他胖得连门都过不去了。Jim made such a noise that his s
17、ister told him to be quiet.吉姆吵成那样，他姐姐让他安静点。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.他关窗时那样使劲，连玻璃都震碎了。They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house.他们的狗那样凶，谁也不敢走近他们家。that 有时可以省略，特别是在口语中。5. 引导原因状语从句的连词 1）引导原因状语从句的连词主要有because, as, since:Because it was wet he took a
18、 taxi. 由于下雨他叫了一辆出租车。He was worried because he hadnt had any letter from her.他很担忧因为他没收到过她一封信。As David had a passion for walking, we started off on foot. 由于大卫喜欢走路，我们就步行出发了。As youre sorry, Ill forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。2）还有一些表示原因的状语从句由seeing（that）,considering(that)或now that等引导：Please dont try to back o
19、ut now that everything has been arranged.现在一切都安排好了，请不要打退堂鼓。Now youre here, you may make yourself useful. 你已经来了，不妨帮帮忙。3）许多用在形容词后的that从句也起原因状语的作用（that 有时可省略）：She was glad that she had controlled herself. 她很高兴控制住了自己。 Im disappointed that they cannot come. 他们不能来我很失望。名师点拨连词常考到的有以下几个词组：1. both .and：表示两者都.
20、注意：当both.and 连接主语时，后面动词一般要用复数。如：Both Lily and Lucy are right.2.not only. but also: 不仅.而且.。注意：后面动词采用就近原则,与but also后的词保持一致。如：Not only my parents but also my brother likes the cat.3.either.or:或者.或者.。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。如：Either you or I am wrong.4.neither.nor：既不.也不. 是 either.or 的否定形式。谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。如：
21、Neither you nor he is right.5.or的用法： 意思为否则。如：I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam.(我必须好好学习，否则我会考不及格了。)6.while, when, as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是w
22、hile。例如：While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边”时，最常用as。例如：Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.She looked behind from time to time as she
23、 went5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：When he finished his work, he took a short rest.6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.7.as, because, since , for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.-Why arent you
24、going?-Because I dont want to.2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As he wasnt ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.3) for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：I decided to stop and have lunch-for I was feeling
25、 quite hungry.8.if, whetherif和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I dont know whether (if) he likes that film.在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：1) 引导主语从句时。例如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown. 2) 引导表语从句时。例如：The question is whether I can pass the exa
26、m.3) 在不定式前。例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.9.sothat, such.that1) sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so,不用such。例如：He has so litt
27、le education that he is unable to get a job.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.10.although, but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as
28、hard as others.11.because, so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.考点精练1. Usually we dont realize how important nature is to us_ it is too late.A. unless B. until
29、 C. if D. after2Go to bed early，_ you wont get up on time next morning. Athen Band Cbut Dor3Tony is a clever boy，_ he usually fails in Chinese exams.Aso Bbut Cor D. because4. Could you please give me your e-mail address _ you go? A. as soon as B. before C. after D. until5. Dont get off the bus _ it
30、has stopped .A. until B. if C. to D. for6. He met many problems _ he was going over his lessons .A. before B. as soon as C. since D. while7. We have been good friends _ we joined the same ping-pong team.A. after B. before C. since D. until8. My brother is going to look for another job_the company of
31、fers him more moneyA. after B.when C unless Dbesides9. I didnt know he came back _ I met him in the street.A. since B. when C. until D. after10. -Look! Here comes our school bus.-No hurry. Dont get on it _it has stopped.A. until B. after C. since D. when11. When someone is ill, he _ she should try t
32、o smile at life.A. and B. but C. or D. so12. Come _ see my family. A. and B. or C. but D.until13. - How long have you known the doctor ?- _ he helped me three years ago.A. When B. Before C. Because D. Since14. Study hard, _ youll fall behind the others.A. and B. but C. or D. though15-Be careful， _ y
33、ou will make mistakes in your exams-I know that，MumOne can never be too carefulAand Bor Cnor Dbut16I arrived at the airport_ the plane had taken offA.after Bwhile Cwhen Dbeflore17.Uncle Wang gave all his savings to the Hope School_ he himself was not rich.A.because B.as if C.though D.or18. The dress fits me well,_ I dont want to buy it because its too expensive.A. so B. and C. or D. but19. English is interesting, _ I didnt like it at first.A. and B. so C. but D. or20. -Would you like to come to dinner tonight?-I will _ Im not too busy.A. and B. if C. so D. but【精品文档】第 12 页