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1、学习好资料欢迎下载3 年高考 2 年模拟 1 年原创精品系列专题 13 特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）【考点定位】 2014考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点 pk】名师考点透析强调句、倒装句和省略句强调句考点 l 强调句结构及其中的who和 that It was after the wan was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again 正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robb
2、ed那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。It is when he got back that he knew what had happened他回来后才知道所发生的情况。It was the goats eyes that he had seen in the darkness他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。特别提示强调句中的主谓一致性：当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应与主语一致，即人称和数要一致。如：It is my mother who cooks every day每天煮饭的是我妈妈。It is he who is wrong是他错了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -
3、 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载考点二强调状语部分It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。( 强调时间 ) It was where you have questions that youd better make a mark 最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。( 强调地点 ) n was because she was ill that she didnt come to the party她没来参加聚
4、会是因为她病了。(强调原因 ) It is as the Party tells us that we must do我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。( 强调方式 ) It is as long as you promise to be back before 8： 00 that you can go out只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件 ) It wasn t until I got off the bus that I realized it直到下车我才意识到这一点。 ( 强调句 ) Not until I got 0fjf the bus did I realize it
5、 直到下车我才意识到这一点。( 倒装句 ) 考点 3 强调句的疑问句1一般疑问句。结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分 +that/who+ 句子其他成分 ?如：Was it during the AntiJapanese War that he died?他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗? 2特殊疑问句。结构为：特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/ Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载Why is it that
6、 smoking is not allowed here?为什么这儿不允许吸烟 ? 考点 4 强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析2 定语从句的引导词( 即关系代词和关系副词) 在从句的使用过程中较为丰富，如 who， that ，which ，whose，when，where，why 等，与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和 that ，强调人时，用who或 that ，强调其他时，只用that ，且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如：It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high
7、 schoo1那是 2009 年，她高中毕业的时候。( 定语从句 ) It is three years since he joined the army自他参军以来已有三年了。It is many years since he smoked他没有吸烟已有好多年了。(2)It is/will(not)be+时间段 +before 从句。表示”要过多久( 不久 ) 才”， before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如：It won t be long before you reach your goal你离成功不远了。(3)It Was+ 时间段 +before从句。表示”过了多久才”。bef
8、ore从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如：It was four hours before he finished the work,过了四小时他才完成工作。考点 5 谓语动词的强调强调句“ It is/wasthat ”一般不强调谓语动词，如果要强调谓语，用助动词do，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载does 或 did 。如： The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1家里的确设法让他上技术学校。倒装句考点 1 全部倒装No
9、w comes your turn!该你了3当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit ，live ，stand ，lie ，exist等时，常用全部倒装。如：On the ground lay an old man，who was dying 地上躺着一位老人，奄奄一息。4such 作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/ 事物；上述的人 / 事物”。 be 动词须与后面的主语保持一致。如：Such is their decision他们的决定就是这样。考点 2 部分倒装只把助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同
10、，so 相当于 indeed ，certainly。如：Mary h as learned by heart 200 words， and SO have I 玛丽已经记住了200 个单词，我也是这样。一 The girls study hard这些女孩学习刻苦。一 so they do她们的确如此。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载3在以 never ，seldom，not only ，rarely， scarcely ，in no way 等否定或半否定词开头的句中用部分倒装。如：Little
11、 do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。6在 hardly when ，no sooner than，not until句型中，主句须部分倒装。如：Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow他一到，天就下起雪来了。7as 引导的让步状语从句结构为：形容词/ 名词 / 动词 +as+主语 +谓语。如：。8在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had 或 should 置于句首。如：Were I in your position，1 would not go我要是在你的位置上
12、，我是不会去的。9however， no matter how引导的让步状语从句。如：However hard he worked，he couldn t solve the problem不管多努力，他就是解决不了那个问题。省略句考点省略句的几个考察要点考点省略句的几个考查要点英语中，有时为了避免重复，往往省去一个词或一些成分，这种语法现象称为省略。主要考查点有：1简单句的省略。祈使句省略主语you；某些句子结构省略谓语；部分问句同时省略主谓语；疑问句的答精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载语省略
13、；感叹句的省略；年龄和钟点的省略等。如：2比较结构的省略。在”the+比较级， the+ 比较级”结构中，可以省略be；由 than 和 as 引导的比较句式中的省略。如：The sooner(you do it)，the better(it will be)( 你做得 ) 越快， ( 结果就会 ) 越好。The longer the wire(is)，the greater the resistance(is)导线越长，电阻就越大。3主从复合句中的省略。(1) 宾语从句中，连词that 常省略，但当多个宾语从句并列时，只能省略第一个。如：If so(=If it is so)，you mus
14、t go back and bring it here如果是这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street过街时当心车辆。(3) 定语从句的省略。作宾语的关系代词的省略或省略到用分词作定语。如：The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen他父亲作为生日礼物送给他的那辆汽车被盗了。(4) 在含有 were，had，should 的虚拟条件句中if的省略。在这种情况下若if省略，常将 were，had，should 等
15、提到句首，主谓部分倒装。如：Were I a bird，I could fly如果我是一只鸟，我就能飞。4not ，so，neither，nor 的替代性省略。动词believe ，do，expect ，fear ，guess，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载hope，say， suppose，think等和 I m afraid后面可用替代词so 或 not 来避免重复前面提到的内容。 表示肯定意义时， 以上动词都可与so 搭配；但表示否定意义时，hope 与 guess只用 I hope n
16、ot 和 I guess not 的形式，而think ，believe，suppo se 等词可有两种形式，即： I think not和I don t think so。如：一 Do they mind you smoking there?你在那儿抽烟，他们介意吗? I don t think so/I think not我想不会。【三年高考】 10 、11、12、13 高考试题及其解析2013 年高考主谓一致1. Generally, students inner motivationwithhighexpectations fromothers_ essential totheir d
17、evelopment. （江苏）A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案 A 解 析：本句 考查的是主 谓一致， 句 子的主语 是students inner motivationwithhighexpectations fromothers中的 motivation，所以谓语用单数形式。2.The university estimates that living expenses for international students _ around $8,450 a year, which _ a burden for some of them.（湖南）A. are ；
18、is B. are ；are C. is；are D. is；is 答案 A 解析： 第一空的主语是living expenses ， 为复数形式， 第二空的主语是around $8,450 a year为答案形式。所以答案选A。2013 年高考倒装句1 “Never for asecond,”theboysays, “that myfather wouldcometomyrescue.”（江苏）A. I doubted B. doI doubt C. I havedoubted D. didI doubt 答案 D 解析：本题考查的是倒装，否定词never 前置倒装，所以答案选D。2.Onl
19、y when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again. (江西 ) A. I will speak.B. will I speak. C. do I speak. D. I speak. 答案 B 解析：本题考查的是倒装，only 连接状语前置主句部分倒装，本题为带有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句使用一般现在时，主句应该用一般将来时，所以答案选B。3.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _properly in this hospital. （新课标II ）A.
20、 can be the patients B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D.treated can be the patients 答案 B 解析：本题考查的是倒装，only 连接状语前置主句部分倒装，所以答案选B 。4.Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. (湖南 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 29 页
21、学习好资料欢迎下载 A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur 答案 D 解析：本题考查的是倒装，否定词not 前置倒装，所以答案选D。(DBBD) 2013 年高考省略句31.Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandtoruins, thecitytookonanewlook. （江苏）A. reducing B. reducedC. beingreduced D. havingreduced 答案 C 解析：本句考查的是after doing 动名词结构，th
22、e city 和 reduce 之间是被动关系，所以选 being reduced.be reduced to ruins 的意思是沦为废墟。2. It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we （重庆）A. hadn t B. havent C. didnt D. dont 答案 A 解析：本题考查的是省略。条件从句部分是与过去时态相反的虚拟语气，完整的结构是：if we hadnt taken an umbrella.所
23、以答案选hadnt. 2013 年高考强调句1It was only after he had read the papers_Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. （新课标 II ）A. when B. that C. which D. what 答案 B 解析：本题考查的是强调句式结构，被强调部分是only after he had read the papers，需要填的是连接词that. 2.It was with the help of the local guideth
24、e mountain climber was rescued. A. who B. that C. when D. how（重庆）答案 B 解析：本题考查的是强调句式结构，被强调部分是with the help of the local guide，需要填的是连接词that. 3.It was not until near the end of the lettershe mentioned her own plan. A. that B. where C. why D. when （天津）答案 A 解析：本题考查的是not.until.结构的强调句式形式。其句式结构为：It is/was n
25、ot until.that. 所以答案选A(that) 2013年高考固定短语1.You cant judge a book by its cover, _.（2013 新课标 I ）A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying 答案 C 解析： as the old saying goes是固定短句，意思是“俗话说，古人云”2.David is_animal fur, so he wont visit anyone who has
26、cats or dogs in the house. （2013 安徽） A. curious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D.food of 答案 B 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载解析： be allergic to是固定短句，意思是“对.有过敏反应”3.If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed._,they will learn
27、to take care of themselves.（2013 安徽）A. On the contrary B. In a word C. That is to say D. Whats more 答案 D 解析： whats more 是固定短语，意思是“而且”，表示递进关系。4. China recently tightened its waters controls near the HuangyanIsland to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea. （2013 福建）A. attacking B.
28、having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked 答案 C 解析 :本句使用了固定词组prevent.from doing ,attack 和 boats 是被动关系，所以选C。 (CBDC) 2012 高考英语试题1.(2012北京卷 )31. _ at the door before you enter my room, please. A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock 2.(2012天津卷 ) 6.Only after Mary read her composition
29、 the second time_ the spelling mistake.A. did she notice B. she noticed C. does she notice D. she has noticed 3.( 2012 上海卷 )29.Only with the greatest of luck _ to escape from the rising flood waters. A. managed she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage 【答案】 C 【解析】 考查特殊句式。 Only+ 状语位于句首，句
30、子要部分倒装。只是有了最好的运气，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载她才成功逃脱了正在上涨的洪水的袭击。4.(2012上海卷 )37. Was it by cutting down staff _ _she saved the firm? No, it was by improving work efficiency. A. when B. what C. how D. that 5.(2012重庆卷 )31.Before you quit your job, _how your family w
31、ould feel about your decision. A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered 6.(2012重 庆 卷 )32.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic_ Zheng He sailed to East Africa A. when B. that C. after D. since 【答案】 B 【解析】 考查强调句。分析题干可知此句为强调句，是对句子的状语“80 years before Christophe
32、r Columbus crossed the Atlantic”进行强调的，故选B项。【易错点拨】考生容易错选A项，误把此句当成是时间状语从句。7.(2012重庆卷 )33.The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought. A. does he even given B. he even gives C. will he even give D. he will even given 【答案】 C 【解析】 考查倒装句。否定词 nor 放在句首时，后面用部分倒装，排除B、D项；再根据前面用的是
33、将来时可知，后面的助动词也应用will，故选 C项。8.(2012湖南卷 )30.It was not until I came here _I realized this place was 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. A. who B. that C. where D. before 9.(2012江 苏 卷 ) 25.There is little doubt in your m
34、i nd that he is innocent, _? A. is there B. isnt there C. is he D. isnt he 10.(2012 江西卷 ) 32. Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A. had she B. she had C. has she D. she has 【答案】 C 【解析】考查特殊句式。句首有关键词Never，否定词提前到句首，句子部分倒装。排除 B,D。再根据句子时态，应用现在完成时，故选C项。句意：她从来都没有看到过谁打网球和 Rober
35、t 一样好的。11.(2012 辽宁卷 )32.Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider 【答案】 D 【解析】 考查倒装句和时态。句意：直到他三年前从教师岗位上退休他才考虑出国去度假。“not until+ 状语从句”置于句首时， 主句要用部分倒装结构；“考虑”发生在“退休”之后，应该用一般过去时，因此选 D。【易错点拨】本题易误
36、选B。若描述的两个动作都发生在过去，只有当这两个动作有很明显的先后之分， 而且说话人强调这个先后的时间差时，先发生的动作才用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。但是， 如果先发生的动作用了一般过去时，那么后发生的动作也应该用一般过去时，而不是过去完成时。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载12.(2012 山东卷 )31. I don t know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. _. I cant stand all this ra
37、in. A. I dont care B. Its hard to sayC. So am I D. I hope not 13.(2012 四川卷 )5.This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently. A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is 【答案】 C 【解析】考查特殊句式。nor位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D；再根据句意“这并不是（关于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”选代词it 。故答案选 C。2011 高考英语试题
38、1. （ 2011 重庆卷） I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ? A could he Bdidn t I C didn t you D could they 2. （ 2011 辽宁卷） a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. A Which B What C How D Whether 【答案】 B 【解析】 考查感叹句。 句意：多么奇怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过。此处为 “ What+a/an十 adj.+n +it is/was”的省略结构，故B项正确。3. （
39、2011 江苏卷） It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. , we精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载d better take it to the garage immediately. A Otherwise B If not C But for that D If so 4. （ 2011 新课标卷） Only when he reached the tea-houseit was the same place hed
40、 been in last year. A he realized Bhe did realize Crealized he Ddid he realize 【答案】 D 【解析】本题考查的是以only 引导的状语从句引起的部分倒装，应把主句中动词的助动词提前至句首，所以选D。5. （ 2011 湖南卷） It s not what we do once in a while _ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. A which B that C how D when 6. （ 2011 全国 2 卷） Jane won t join
41、 us for dinner tonight and . A neither wont Tom B Tom wont either C. Tom will too D so will Tom 【答案】 B 【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：简不会来参加我们今晚的宴会，汤姆也不会来。此处是否定句，故使用either，而 too 一般用于肯定句中。此处也可以用so 倒装的否定式，即 neither/nor will Tom注意 A项中 neither表否定意义，所以不能用wont 。7. （ 2011 湖南卷） Only after they had discussed the matter for s
42、everal hours _ a decision. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载A they reached B did they reach C they reach D do they reach 8. （ 2011 福建卷） -It s nice.Never before such a special drink! -I m glad you like it. AI have had B I had C have I had D had I 【答案】 C 【解析】考查时态及倒装。n
43、ever 是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。9. （ 2011 四川卷） Was it on a lonely islandhe was saved one month after the boat went down. A where B that C which D what 10. （2011 重庆卷） Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? Of course, I hava. It was in our village it was made. Atha
44、t Bwhere Cwhen Dwhich 【答案】 A 【解析】考查强调句型。问话人询问对方是否看过山楂树之恋这部电影，答话人回答说当然看过， 这部电影是在自己的村庄拍摄的。本句是强调句， 被强调的部分是地点状语 in our village。11. （2011 陕西卷） It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do_benefits our work most. A who B which C that D what 【答案】 C 【解析】考查强调句。强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分 +that
45、连接句子的其他部分。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载答案选择 C。2010 高考英语试题1.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,36)It was by making great e fforts _ she caught up with other students. Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dthat 2.(2010高考英语湖南卷,25)Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _
46、has made him what he is today. A. why B. when C. which D. that 【答案】 D 【解析】考查强调句型。题干为强调句型，被强调部分为years of hard work，故选 D项。3.(2010高考英语安徽卷,27)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where Bthat Cwhen D. which 4.(2010高考英语重庆卷,33)At the
47、 meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 【答案】 A 【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。5.(2010高考英语四川卷,9)We laugh at jokes ，but seldom _ about how they workAwe think B
48、 think we Cwe do think Ddo we think 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 29 页学习好资料欢迎下载6.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,37)Never_ Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute. Adid we think B have we thought Cwe thought Dwe have thought 【答案】 A 【解析】倒装结构。当否定词never ， not ，hardly ，seldom 等放在句首
49、的时候，句子要部分倒装，根据语意可知，应用一般过去时，因此选A项。8.(2010高考英语陕西卷,17)John opened the door. There _ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 9.(2010高考英语江西卷,33)Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him. A did he begin B had he begu
50、n C he began D he had begun 【解析】考查倒装句。句意：直到离开家，他才开始意识到这个家对他来说是何等的重要。：not until引导的从句置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装。主从句的动作基本同时发生，故用一般过去时。10.(2010 高考英语山东卷,28)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless 【答案】 D 【解析】考查省