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1、 写作中怎样使用写作中怎样使用复杂结构和高级词汇复杂结构和高级词汇一一.复杂结构复杂结构: 1.使用适当的时态使用适当的时态 2.适当的语态适当的语态3.使用不定式使用不定式 4.使用过去分词使用过去分词5.使用使用V.+ing形式形式 6.使用名词性从句使用名词性从句 7.使用状语从句使用状语从句 8.使用定语从句使用定语从句9.使用虚拟语气使用虚拟语气10.使用强调句使用强调句,倒装句倒装句,感叹句感叹句 11.使用并列句使用并列句 一、怎样运用复杂结构：一、怎样运用复杂结构：1. 1. 改变时态改变时态The bell is ringing now. (一般一般)2. 2. 改变语态改变
2、语态People suggest that the conference be put off. (一般一般)There goes the bell. (There goes the bell. (高级高级) )It is suggested that the conference be put off.It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级高级)3. 3. 使用不定式使用不定式4. 4. 使用过去分词使用过去分词He is so kind that he can help me. (一般一般)He is so kind as t
3、o help me.He is so kind as to help me. (高级高级)She walked out of the room and many students followed her. (一般一般)Followed by many students, she .Followed by many students, she . (高级高级)Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten . (一般一般)Once seen, it can .Once seen, it can . (高级高级)5. 5. 使用使用v-ingv-ing形式形
4、式When he arrives please give me an e-mail. (一般一般)If the weather permits, Ill come tomorrow. (一般一般)On his arriving/ arrival, please give.On his arriving/ arrival, please give. (高级高级)Weather permitting, Ill come tomorrow.Weather permitting, Ill come tomorrow. (高级高级)Now our school has three teachers. T
5、hey teach 48 pupils. (一般一般)Now our School has three teachers, teaching 48 Now our School has three teachers, teaching 48 pupils.pupils. (高级高级)It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up. (一般一般)I happened to have met him. (一般一般)6. 6. 使用名词性从句使用名词性从句The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed The f
6、act that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody.everybody. (高级高级)It happened that I had met him.It happened that I had met him. (高级高级)To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things. (一般一般)What surprised him is that the girl.What surprised him is that the girl. (高级高级)7. 7. 使用状语从句使用状语从句I wont
7、believe what he says. (一般一般)If you come back before six oclock, you can go out. (一般一般)The meal was very nice. We all enjoyed it very much. (一般一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe.No matter what he says, I wont believe. (高级高级)You can go out on condition that you come back You can go out on condi
8、tion that you come back before.before. (高级高级)The meal was so nice that we all.The meal was so nice that we all. (高级高级)8. 8. 使用定语从句使用定语从句The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written. (一般一般)The girl whose composition was well written was The girl whose composition was well written wa
9、s spoken highly of.spoken highly of. (高级高级)I studied Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer at school. (一般一般)The subjects I studied at school included Chinese, The subjects I studied at school included Chinese, mathsmaths, English., English. (高级高级)9. 9. 使用虚拟语气使用虚拟语气The ship didnt s
10、ink because there were the efforts of the captain. (一般一般)I wasnt invited to the party, so I didnt attend it. (一般一般)If I had been invited to the party, I would have If I had been invited to the party, I would have attended it.attended it. (高级高级)But for the efforts of the captain, the ship would But f
11、or the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk.have sunk. (高级高级)10. 10. 使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句Regular radio broadcasts began in 1920. (一般一般)It was not until 1920 that regular radio.It was not until 1920 that regular radio. (高级高级)Weak as I am, Ill make the effort.Weak as I am, Ill make t
12、he effort. (高级高级)Though Im weak, I will make the effort. (一般一般)How glad we were to see the crops and.!How glad we were to see the crops and.! (高级高级)We were glad to see the crops and vegetables growing very well. (一般一般)11. 11. 使用并列句使用并列句If you go through the gate, youll find the entrance to Bear Coun
13、try. (一般一般)Go through the gate, and youll find.Go through the gate, and youll find. (高级高级)I got up late this morning, otherwise I could have I got up late this morning, otherwise I could have caught the early bus.caught the early bus. (高级高级)I got up late this morning. I didnt catch the early bus. (一
14、般一般)The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.The more he spoke, the more excited he felt. (高级高级)When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. (一般一般)四、怎样运用高级词汇：四、怎样运用高级词汇：As a result, the plan was a failure. (一般一般)She went to Australia in order to study music. (一般一般)Because the weather was good, o
15、ur journey was comfortable. (一般一般)The plan turned out to be a failure.The plan turned out to be a failure. (高级高级)She went to AustraliaShe went to Australia for the purpose of studying for the purpose of studying music.music. (高级高级)Thanks to the good weather, our journey.Thanks to the good weather, o
16、ur journey. (高级高级)At the news of her deathAt the news of her death, he went.he went. (高级高级)She has trouble in pronouncing the wordShe has trouble in pronouncing the word. (高级高级)Whose turn is it to be on duty today?Whose turn is it to be on duty today? (高级高级)When he heard she had died, he went pale w
17、ith sorrow. (一般一般)She cant correctly pronounce the word. (一般一般)Who will be on duty today? (一般一般)怎样运用高级词汇：怎样运用高级词汇：She doesnt like sports.She cares nothing for sports.She cares nothing for sports.We had to go home.What we had to do was go home.What we had to do was go home.五、常见语法错误分析：五、常见语法错误分析：1. 1.
18、 句子缺谓语句子缺谓语1) The building like a match box.1) The building like a match box. 2) 2) He told me that all my classmates sitting in He told me that all my classmates sitting in the classroom.the classroom. 1) A worker of the farm lead us to the field.1) A worker of the farm lead us to the field.2) All
19、the students like books that was written by 2) All the students like books that was written by Lu XunLu Xun. .2.2.主谓不一致，尤其是单数第三人称作主谓不一致，尤其是单数第三人称作主语时，谓语的单复数形式出现错误。主语时，谓语的单复数形式出现错误。 3.3.时态错误时态错误 4.4.词性混用词性混用 1) When he came back, he found that his wife 1) When he came back, he found that his wife has
20、 gone to bed.has gone to bed.2) What are you doing this time yesterday?2) What are you doing this time yesterday?1) She enjoys study English.1) She enjoys study English.2) If anyone against the plan, please let me 2) If anyone against the plan, please let me know.know.5.5.介词误用介词误用 6.6.冠词误用冠词误用 1) In
21、 my surprise, he has got the first prize.1) In my surprise, he has got the first prize.2) He came here to attend the meeting by a new 2) He came here to attend the meeting by a new car.car.3) Dont read under the sun.3) Dont read under the sun.1) We elected Li Hua1) We elected Li Hua the monitor of t
22、he Class Five. the monitor of the Class Five.2) Once upon a time, there was an one-eyed lion.2) Once upon a time, there was an one-eyed lion.3) The history is actually a very interesting subject3) The history is actually a very interesting subject.7.7.名词的数混淆名词的数混淆 8.8.动词用法错误动词用法错误 1) It is rare to s
23、ee such a nice weather in 1) It is rare to see such a nice weather in Beijing.Beijing.2) There is always traffic jam.2) There is always traffic jam.1) Where are you come from?1) Where are you come from?2) When I arrived Hong Kong, my mother was there 2) When I arrived Hong Kong, my mother was there
24、waiting for me.waiting for me.3) He didnt notice the teacher to come into the 3) He didnt notice the teacher to come into the classroom.classroom.4) The accident was happened in 1999.4) The accident was happened in 1999.9.9.习惯用法错误习惯用法错误 1) The actor in this movie is very beautiful.1) The actor in th
25、is movie is very beautiful.2) I and My parents were working in the fields at 2) I and My parents were working in the fields at that time.that time.3) The reason is because he does not know what to 3) The reason is because he does not know what to do next.do next.六、学会使用恰当的关联词：六、学会使用恰当的关联词：1. 1. 表示平行、
26、对等或选择关系表示平行、对等或选择关系andand，bothand, as well as, together with, bothand, as well as, together with, neithernor, also, not onlybut also, neithernor, also, not onlybut also, eitheror, as well.eitheror, as well.2. 2. 表示转折关系表示转折关系but, yet, however, nevertheless but, yet, however, nevertheless ( (然而然而), ),
27、 in spite of, although, otherwise, while, after allin spite of, although, otherwise, while, after all. .3. 3. 表示对比关系表示对比关系4. 4. 表示因果关系表示因果关系on the contrary, instead of, on one handon on the contrary, instead of, on one handon the other hand, just like, unlike, in the same the other hand, just like,
28、unlike, in the same way, at the same timeway, at the same timeso, for, therefore, as a result (of), because, so, for, therefore, as a result (of), because, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account owing to, due to, thanks to, on account ( (理由理由) ) of.of.5. 5. 表示时间、顺序关系表示时间、顺序关系6. 6. 表示递进、强调关系表示递进、强调关
29、系shortly afterwards, first, second, then, next, shortly afterwards, first, second, then, next, finally, for one thing, for another, in the end, finally, for one thing, for another, in the end, eventuallyeventually( (最后最后, , 终于终于) ) besides, furthermore besides, furthermore ( (此外此外), ), whats more, i
30、n whats more, in addition, moreover addition, moreover ( (而且而且), ), worse still, to make worse still, to make matters worse, indeed, certainly, surely, above allmatters worse, indeed, certainly, surely, above all7. 7. 表示解释、说明关系表示解释、说明关系8. 8. 表示结论表示结论namely namely ( (也就是也就是), ), actually, such as, fo
31、r example, for actually, such as, for example, for instance, that is to say, in other words, and so on, instance, that is to say, in other words, and so on, to tell you the truth, according to thisto tell you the truth, according to thisin short, in brief, in a word, in general, as you know, in shor
32、t, in brief, in a word, in general, as you know, as far as I know, on the whole, in conclusion, at last, as far as I know, on the whole, in conclusion, at last, finallyfinally七、背诵一些题材的常识性语句：七、背诵一些题材的常识性语句：通知：通知：开头语开头语: 结束语结束语:Attention, please.Attention, please.May I have your attention, please?May
33、I have your attention, please?I have an announcement to makeI have an announcement to make. .Dont forget the time and the address.Dont forget the time and the address.Im sure you will have a lot of fun.Im sure you will have a lot of fun.Thats all, thank you.Thats all, thank you.欢迎词：欢迎词：开头语开头语: 结束语结束
34、语:Welcome to Welcome to Now let me tell you something about Now let me tell you something about Im going to give you a detailed description ofIm going to give you a detailed description ofLet me show you aroundLet me show you aroundIm sure youll have a good trip.Im sure youll have a good trip.Thats
35、all, thank you.Thats all, thank you.写信：写信：开头语开头语: 结束语结束语:Im glad to hear from you.Im glad to hear from you.Im writing to tell you something aboutIm writing to tell you something aboutHow are you getting along with your?How are you getting along with your?I really dont know how to thank you forI really dont know how to thank you forPlease give my best regards to. Please give my best regards to. Remember me to your parents.Remember me to your parents.Im looking forward to hearIm looking forward to hearngng from you from you soon.soon.Best wishes.Best wishes.