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1、中考英语被动语态完全手册一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如： ManypeoplespeakEnglish. 谓语：speak 的动作是由主语manypeople 来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动
2、态动词( 词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词( 词组) 作谓语动词的句子。例如： Heopenedthedoor. 他开了门。 ( 主动句 ) Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。 (被动句 ) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。现以teach 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时： am is are taught 一般过去时： wasweretaught 一般将来时： will shallbe taught 现在进行时： am is arebeing taught 过去进行时：
3、 havehasbeentaught 现在完成时： havehasbeentaught 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。( 不知道电脑是谁偷的) Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这 本 书 出 版 于1981 年。(2) 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如： thewindowwasbrokenbyMike. 窗户是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写
4、的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天 8 小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道， 说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2) 把谓语变成被动结构 (be过去分词 ) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be 的形式) 。(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim. Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople. They
5、makethebikesinthefactory. Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by 短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动， be 后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词 be过去分词”构成，原来带to 的情态动词变成被动语态后“ to ”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带 to 要保留。例如：Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays. Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays. Yououghttotakeitaway.
6、 Itoughttobetakenaway. Theyshoulddoitatonce. Itshouldbedoneatonce. 被动语态练习题一( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is spe
7、aking D. is spoken ( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 二
8、( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( ) 4 Th
9、e key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( ) 6 His new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published 三
10、( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking ( ) 2 These papers_ yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt 四(
11、) 1 -My shoes are worn out. A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended? ( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are ( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do 五( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it y
12、esterday? A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held ( ) 2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am 六( ) 1 The flowers_ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. m
13、ust watered D. must water ( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 七( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C.
14、are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt ( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown ( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild 八( ) 1 Now these
15、 magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water. A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep ( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will gr
16、ow ( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago. WO Its a Haidian top problem A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built ( ) 5 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung 九( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it. A. be stopped to
17、 throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing ( ) 2 The teapot _ water. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled ( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 4 Old people must _. A. look after wel
18、l B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页十( ) 1 Newly-born babies_ in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care ( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise. A. frigh
19、tening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens ( ) 3 These walls_ stone. A. are made of B. made of u C. are made into D. made into 十一( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said ( ) 2 The papers _ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have
20、shown ( ) 3 The coat_ her sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to 十二( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given ( ) 2 Good care_ such things. A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should
21、 be taken of ( ) 3 She will_ good care_. A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you 十三( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done ( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days. A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clea
22、n ( ) 3 These children_ dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to 十四( ) 1 These stones_ well. A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted ( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan. A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed ( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year. A. was had B.
23、was held C. held D. had 十五( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place ( ) 2 You cant use the computer, it_. A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down ( ) 3 Great changes_ in our country during the pa
24、st 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened ( ) 4 The watch has often _ down. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell 十六( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken ( ) 2 The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s. A. are
25、written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing ( ) 3 What time _ the door _ every day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close 十七( ) 1 Can he _ himself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of ( ) 2 He fell from his bike and _. A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. go
26、t hurt D. hurt ( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will_ A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn 十八( ) 1 The apple_ very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste -C. tastes D. are tasting ( ) 2 You_ more beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at ( ) 3 What
27、 you said _. like a good idea. A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded 十九( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth_ a second time. A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing ( ) 2 How dirty the tables are! They need_. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ( ) 3 The book i
28、s worth _. A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read 初中英语语法被动语态练习题答案：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页1. 1-5 B D D D C 2. 1-6 B C B B C A 3. 1-3 A B B 4. 1-3 A B A 5. 1-3 B D B 6. 1-3 B A D 7. 1-3 A B A 8. 1-5 D B B C D 9. 1-4 B A D D 10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A 14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D 18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页