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1、1 2019-2020年高中英语 知识点大全 96 pass 短语归纳1、pass 短语归纳pass sth.down 把某物一代一代传下去；pass sb. sth./pass sth.to sb. 把某物递给某人；pass the exam/ test/ law 通过考试 / 测验/ 法律； pass sth.on 将某物传、交给某人；pass away 逝世； pass by 路过，忽视注意： past 是介词“过，经过”或名词“过去”；passed 是 pass 的过去式和过去分词。如：half past six 六点半；in the past few years 在过去的几年里；Tw
2、o weeks passed.两周的时间过去了。He walked past the gate. 他从大门口走过。 应用 完成句子去年他母亲去世了。His mother _ _ last year. 这戒指是我家传来来的。This ring_ _ _ _in my family. 那本书你看完了给我。_the book_ _me when you ve finished it.那个年轻人听到这个消息，由于震惊昏了过去。When the young man heard the news. He_ _with the shock. Key:passed, away has, been, passe
3、d, down Pass, on, to passed, out pass(to ) 将递给，传达名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 Please pass me the bread and butter. 请递给我面包奶油。Pass the word to him that Napolean will e himself. 把拿破仑要亲自来的消息告诉他。拓展：（ 1）vi. 走过，通过Because of t
4、he large crowd in the street the truck was unable to pass. 因为大街上人很多，卡车无法通过。（2）n. 通行证Nobody can go into the hall without a pass. 没有通行证，任何人不准进入大厅。2、pay for/pay off pay for 付的货款，为付代价pay off 全部还清，偿请（借款）Did you pay 300 yuan to him for that bicycle?I have just paid off my loan from the bank. You ll have t
5、o pay for your mistakes.3、Permit a driving permit 该词组意为“驾驶执照”， 词组里 permit 是名词，意为“许可证”， “执照”。如：You wont get into the conference hall without a permit.2019-2020 年高中英语知识点教案新人教版必修 5 词汇：Unit 1: 1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将提前；把钟表拨快e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。名师资料总结 -
6、- -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 The match has been put forward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。【词语联想】? put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄? put down: 放下；写下，记下? put off: 推迟；延期? put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）e.g. put on w
7、eight: 增加了体重put on a new play: 上演新戏剧? put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）e.g. put up a poster: 张贴海报put up a tent: 搭起帐篷2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。conclusion: n. 结论【习惯用语】 draw a conclusion 作出结论3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜； 使( 希望, 计划等 )失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效e.g. He finally conceded de
8、feat. 他最终承认了失败。 区别: defeat, conquer, overe ? defeat 指“赢得胜利” , 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。? conquer指“征服”、”战胜” , 特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”, 如: e.g. conquer nature 征服自然。? overe指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, 如: e.g. overe difficulties 克服困难。4. attend: v. 1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lec
9、ture.) 出席；参加e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你？3）to go with 伴随e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。5. expose.to. e.g. Dont expose your skin to the sun for too long.
10、不要使你的皮肤暴露在太阳光下太长时间。They had to be exposed to the enemys gunfire. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 他们不得不冒着敌人的炮火。6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake. be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任Who is to blame for
11、 the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？7. in addition: 除此之外，另外 , 意思相当于 besides, whats more e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition. 我又付了 100 元。In addition to English, he has to study a second language. 除了英语以外，他还要学习第二外国语。 区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside ? in addition to：除之外，还有，表示递进关系。e.g. The pany provided the w
12、orkers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。? except: 除之外，表示在整体中排除，e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外 , 所有人都收到了请柬. ? besides表示“除了以外， 还有”， 与 in addition to 同义，e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。We all agreed besides him.我们都同意 , 他也同意。
13、? beside : 在旁边。表示方位。e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。同义句转换1）He speaks French as well as English. e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besides English. 2) Apart from the salary, it s not a bad job.e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, its not a bad job.8. announce: 公布；宣告e.g. He announced
14、 his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。9. absorb v. 1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。【习惯用语】2）专心于 be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书 ; 邀请比赛 ; 要求决斗 vt. 向. 挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对( 证据等 ) 表示异议名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - -
15、- - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 e.g. meet the serious challenge 面对严峻挑战Unit 2: 1. consist of be made up of 由组成 ( 没有进行时）e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK. 2. 区别: ? separate . from (把联合在一起或
16、靠近的人或物分离出来）? divide.into 把分开（把整体分为若干部分）e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups. The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian. 3. debate about sth. e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days. debate /argue/ quarrel 4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )bee clear or easier to unders
17、tand 澄清；阐明 ; 清楚；明了e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation. Can you clarify the question? 5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接【习惯用语】 link A to B 将 A和 B连接起来6. refer to 1) 提及，指的是e.g. When he said “some students ”, do you think he was referring to us?2) 参考；查阅；询问e.g. If you dont u
18、nderstand a word you may refer to your dictionaries. Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 3) 关系到；关乎e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you. This rule refers to everyone. reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书7. to ones surprise (prep) “to ones + 名词” 表 “令某人”常见的名词有“delight, d
19、isappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale. To Johns great relief they reached the house at last. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 8. . found themse
20、lves united peacefully “find + 宾语宾补 ( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式）”e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. Youll find him easy to get along with. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire. When I woke up, I found myself in hospital. I called on him yesterd
21、ay, but I found him out. 9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做.e.g. Ill just get these dishes washed and then Ill e. get + n. + to do get + n. + doing Youll get her to agree. Ill get the car going. get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被. ”e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. 10. break away (f
22、rom sb / sth) 脱离；破除e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits. The man broke away from his guards. break down ( 会谈)破裂，失败； ( 汽车等 ) 出故障； (人的健康状况 ) 变得恶劣；（情感）失控e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning. His health broke down under the pressure of work. He broke down and wept
23、 when he heard the news. Talks between the two countries have pletely broken down. ? break in 闯入；打岔? break off 中断，折断? break into 闯入? break out 爆发; 发生? break up 驱散；分散，拆散11. as well as 不仅而且；既又e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer. The children as well as their father were seen playing football in t
24、he street. 12. convenience: n.方便；便利e.g. We bought this house for its convenience. convenient: adj. 13. attraction: 1). 吸引；引力 (不可数 n.) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 2). 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目( 可数 n.) e.g. attraction of grav
25、itation 重力He cant resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day. A big city offers many and varied attractions. What are the principle attractions this evening? attract: v. 14. influence 1) v. 对产生影响e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching? 2) 可数 n. 产生影响的人或事e.g. He is one of the good in
26、fluences in the school. 3) ( 不可数 n.) 影响e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils. Unit 3: 1. impression n. 印记；印象；感想；后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句；e.g. My first impression of him was favourable.他给我的第一印象不错。I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 我觉得他们不满于当时的状况。知识
27、拓展： impress v. 给留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给留下深刻的印象；使铭记；It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。2. remind v.提醒；使想起；常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事； remind sb. (that)/wh-从句 提醒某人；使某人想起；remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到；提醒某人某事e.g. Im sorry
28、, but Ive forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我记不起你的名字，你能提醒我一下吗？You remind me of your father when you say that. 你说这样的话使我想起了你的父亲。知识拓展： reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物3. constantly adv.始终；一直；重复不断地e.g. Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。知识拓展： constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；4. previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）
29、稍前的e.g. No previous experience is necessary for this job. 这一工作无需相关的经验。I couldnt believe it when I heard the news. I had only seen him the 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 previous day.听到这个消息时，我不敢相信；我就在前一天还见到过他。知识拓展： previo
30、usly adv. 先前的；早先e.g. The building had previously been used as a hotel. 这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。5. bend v. （bent bent ）弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；常用搭配有: bend ones mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事；bend sb.to sth. 迫使； 说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实e.g. Its hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下头吻了她
31、的女儿。6. press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界e.g. She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子。She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。He is still pressing her claim for pensation. 他仍坚持索赔。The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭审谢绝新闻采访。7. switch n. & v. 用作名词表示“开关；转换”。用作动
32、词表示“转换”。e.g. She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 第一个孩子出生后，她就由全日工作改为非全日工作。Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。I cant work next week, will you switch with me? 下个周末我不能上班，咱俩换个班好不好？8. lack n. & v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏；短缺
33、”；用作动词，表示：“缺乏；短缺；没有；不足”。e.g. a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物 / 金钱/ 技能The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。知识拓展： lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足9. surroundings n.pl. 环境； surround v. 围绕；环绕 surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的e.g. Everyone likes to work in pleasant
34、surroundings. 人人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。启发学生思考问题，哪些单词用作名词时常用复数形式？10. catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出? lose sight of 看不见 , 忘记? lose ones sight 失明? at first sight 一见就；乍看起来 At first sight, the problem seems easy. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 18 页 - - - - - -
35、- - - 9 ? at (the) sight of 一看见就 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. ? be in sight 看得见，在眼前 The island is still in sight. ? out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind. 11. take up to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用（时间）；占据（空间）to learn to or start to do sth 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事to accept
36、sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西）e.g. The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要开始履行职责。12. sweep up 打扫；清扫；横扫；涌向；快速地抱起e.g. He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一
37、把将孩子抱进怀里。Unit 4: 1. concentrate vi. 聚精会神，集中思想，多与 on 和 upon 或连用Concentrate on your work. 集中精神工作。e.g. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving. 开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。Industrial development is being concentrated in the west of the country. 这个国家的西部正集中发展工业。2. acquire vt. 获得, 学到，取得，拥有 acquired, acq
38、uiring e.g. She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语。Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born. 抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好，并不是生来就有的。3. accuse sb. of doing sth. 指责，指控 accused, accusing e.g. The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。She accused him l
39、ying. 她指责他说谎 . He was wrongly accused of stealing. 他误遭控告犯偷盗罪 . 4. be of interest/ importance, value, use, help, . = interesting/important/valuable/useful/helpful. e.g. This is a matter of great importance. 这是一件非常重要的事。The book is of great value to me. 这本书对我来说有很大价值。There is nothing interesting/of inte
40、rest in todays newspaper. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 今天报纸上没有什么新鲜事。5. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者e.g. He is a professional journalist. 他是一位专门的新闻从业人员6. delighted a. 高兴的 , 快乐的e.g. I am really delighted. 我真的很高兴。【词语联想】deligh
41、t n. 高兴, 愉快 ； vt. 使高兴, 乐于； vi. 感到高兴 ( 或愉快、快乐) e.g.Singing is her chief delight. 唱歌是她的主要爱好。【习惯用语】? take delight in 喜爱, 以. 为乐? find delight in 喜爱, 以. 为乐? have delight in 喜爱, 以. 为乐? to sb.s delight 令人高兴的是 . 7. assist n. 帮助, 协助； vt. 帮助, 促进； vi. 协助, 参加【习惯用语】? assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人 做某事 ? assist sb. to
42、 do sth. 帮助某人 做某事 ? assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人 做某事 区别: help, aid, assist 都含帮助 、 援助 的意思。? help 系常用词 , 意义较 aid, assist 强, 指 以积极态度给予各方面的帮助 , 强调 受助者得到帮助或好处 , 并着重 受助者对帮助的需要 e.g. Please help me arrange these papers. 请帮我整理这些文件。? aid 属较正式用语 , 强调帮助受助者脱离困难或危险, 有时意味着 强者援助弱者 e.g. They aided flood victims. 他们
43、援助遭受水灾的灾民。? assist是正式用语 , 多指 在提供帮助时 , 帮助者起次要或起协助作用 e.g. She assisted him in his experiments. 她协助他做实验。8. case n. 情况，事实e.g. Is that the case？是这么回事吗？【习惯用语】? a hard case 无可救药或顽固不化的人; 难对付的人、处境困难或可怜的人、难办的事 ; 难治之症、古里古怪冒冒失失的家伙? as is often the case 这是常有的事? in any case 无论如何 , 总之? in case of 万一., 如果发生 . 名师资料总
44、结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 ? in no case 决不? in that case? in this case 假如这样的话? It is not the case 情况不是这样 ; 并非事实。? This is not the case 情况不是这样 ; 并非事实。? That is not the case 情况不是这样 ; 并非事实。? just in case 以防( 万一) Unit 5 ：1.
45、 first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 给予伤员的急救。短语联想give/offer aid 援助 e to sbs aid 帮助某人teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护with the aid of 借助于get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如：The puter got (was)damaged when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。My bike is gettin
46、g (is being)repaired row. 我的自行车正在修理。2. Protect 动词，“保护、维护”，用于句式“ protect + 名词 + against/from + 名词”。例如：e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 他带着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。【短语联想】? Keep. from. 不让/ 避免? stop. (from) . 阻止? prevent.(from) . 妨碍 / 防止? disable. from. 使失去（能力 / 资格）? save. f
47、rom. 挽救、拯救3.depend on 取决于。例如：e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live. 你付多少取决于你住哪里。词义拓展depend on 依靠，依赖： His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他养活。依赖，信任： We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday. 我们相信你在星期五前能完成这项工作。4. squeeze 动词，意思是“榨取”、“挤出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载
48、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 常用句式squeeze + 名词 + out(of/from) + 名词，例如：e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him. 那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多的钱。over and over again 再三地。例如：I ve to ld you over and over again not to do that. 我再三告诫你
49、不要那样做。5. hurt 既可作及物动词，作“伤害”、“使受伤”解，也可作不及物动词，作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表达身体的受伤，也可以表达情感的伤害。例如：e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. 小男孩从梯子上摔了下来受了伤。The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。6. unless 除非；如果不。如：7. icy adj. 冰凉的-y 是个形容词后缀。如：windy 有风的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的greeny 略呈绿色
50、spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的thirsty 饥渴的 dirty 脏的 snowy 下雪的8. in place 放在适当的地方。如：e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。Yond better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. 你最好把你的东西各就各位，不然很难找。9. sense n. 感觉? sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉? se