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1、上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网高中英语状语从句专题训练题【网络构建】状语从句的定义与功能：在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词。状语从句的分类：根据意义和用途的不同，状语从句可分为：1. 时间2. 原因 3. 地点 4. 目的 5. 方式6. 条件 7. 结果 8. 让步 9. 比较状语从句状语从句的位置 : 状语从句同状语一样,在句中的位置比较灵活, 可置于句首 ,句未 ,或句中 .状语从句位于句首时 ,常用逗号分开, 状语从句位于句尾时,其前一般不用逗号各种从句的具体用法 : I: 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:(- 的时
2、候 ) when, while, as , (直到 ) till, until, (一-就-)as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly, instantly,(刚 - 就 -)no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-whensince, before, after, once , whenever 等 . 1.when/while/as 的用法（1） When “ 在-时刻或在 -期间 ” ，它可兼指“时间点”与“时间段”，从句中的动词可以是终止性动词也可
3、以是持续性动词。When I got home, he was having supper. When I was young, I liked dancing. When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest. When I got to the cinema, the film had already began. 【重点提示】when 也可作为并列连词，连接两个并列句，“那时”， “这时”相当于and then , and at that time.这时不可被as, while 替代。We were about to go out
4、 when the teacher came in. We hadn t been watching TV for a long time when there was a power failure. when 还可作“ 在-的情况下 ” 解, 这时也不可被as, while 替代。Why did you walk there when you have a car? （2） while, 只指时间段，不指时间点，从句的谓语动词只限于持续动词和状态动词。While I slept, a thief broke in. Father looked after the children whil
5、e mother was away. 【重点提示】 while 也可以用作并列连词，连接两个并列句， “而，另一方面”She likes music, while I like sports. He is diligent while his brother is idle. while 还可以解释为“只要”While there is life, there is hope. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网While 还可以解释为“ 尽管，虽然”While
6、respected, she in not liked. (3) as 引导的时间状语从句既可以表示一段时间（同延续性动词连用） ，也可以表示点时间（同非延续性动词连用）。但 as 引导的从句更强调主从句的同时发生。As the sun rose, the fog dispersed.(太阳升起，浓雾散去 )。As it grew darker, it became colder. As she came to know him better, she relied on him more. 如果这里使用when, 就会完全失去同时并进或肩并肩发展的意义。【特别重点提示】when 从句与主句动
7、作先后发生时，不能与 while, as 互换，如上述例句中的. When 从句动词为终止性动词时不能与while 替换 . When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball. 此句中的when 也不用 as 替代，因为as 从句为终止性动词时, 主句通常也用终止性动词当从句的谓语动词是延续性动词时, when, while, as 才有可能互相替换. While/When/As we were still laughing, the teacher came in. 当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词，而主句的谓语动词也是终止性动词when 和
8、as 通用， 而且用 as 比用 when 更为紧凑，有“正当，这时”的含义。He came just as (when) I reached the door. 两个进行时的长动作相并列进行的时候，可用 while/when ，但 as 不可用。Mary was cooking supper while /when her brother was playing chess. Xiao Yang was singing happily while/when he was driving home. 两个一般时的长动作相并列的时候，as/while/when 都可使用，但 as 更能突出“一边
9、-一边”的含义。He sang as/ when /while he worked. as 还可引导一个省略形式的状语从句，这、时的as相当于 when 但不可以用when. As a child(=As/When he was a child), he used to work hard and helped his father on the farm. 以 when/while/as 引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。2till/until till 和 until 都表示“直到” ， 两个词常可换用，主要有下列两种用法。（1）如果主句谓语动词为延续性动词，如com
10、e, go, enter, return, start, reach, finish, 等，主句用否定式，从句用肯定式，“ not -until”结构。He won t go to bed till/until she returns.He didn t come until he had gone over his lesson.(2)如果主句谓语动词为延续性动词，如 “ stay, remain”等，主句用肯定式。He remained their till she arrived. You may stay here until the rain stops. 【重点提示】until(
11、较正式 ) 引出的介词短语和从句可以放在主句之前，也可以置于其后。另外，当指一段时间，多用到它。Until you told me I had no idea of it. We remained in ignorance of it until recently. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网till 多用于口语。till引出的介词短语和从句一般不能放在句首。此外，指某一时间点多用它。I shall wait till ten o clock.I did
12、not know till then. 以 till/until 引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。I won t leave until my mother comes back.3 as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly的用法。这几个词连接的从句都表示主从句的动作相继发生，间隔很短，“一 -就- ”I ll tell him as soon as/ the moment (that)/the minute (that)/ immediately/ directly/
13、 I see him.【重点提示】如果表示过去发生的动作，主从句均用一般过去时。The moment I saw her, I knew that she was ill. 以以上连词引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。4.no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-when 这几个短语的词义和用法基本一样，都表示“刚-就-”I had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move. She had hardly got home when it began
14、to rain. He had scarcely sat down when he heard someone knock at the door. 【重点提示】在这些结构中，主句的动作先发生，用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。若这些结构置于句首，则主句要用倒装语序。上述句子可相应改为：No sooner had I arrived at the station than the train started to move. Hardly had she got home when it began to rain. Scarcely had he sat down when he heard
15、someone knock at the door. 5.since 以 since 引导的从句或短语作状语时，主句常用完成时，从句常用一般过去时。Since I was a child I have lived in England. We have been friends ever since we met at school. 【重点提示】主句若表示“已经有多少时间”可用一般时。How long is it since you were in London? It is just a week since we arrived here. since 引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是瞬间动
16、词，则表示 “自从这个动作的开始”以来；若是延续性或状态性的动词则表示“自从这个动作的结束”以来。How long is it since you worked here? 你不在这儿工作已经几年了？It is 3 years since I was ill. 我病愈以来已经3 年了。 It is just a week since we arrived here. 我到这儿已经一周了。6by “ by - ” “到-时候为止”，已发生或出现某情况，谓语动词多用完成时态。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 15 页上教考资源
17、网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网Perhaps she has recovered by now. By the time (that) I got home yesterday, my mother had prepared dinner. By the end of next week, we will have left this country. 【重点提示】有时谓语动词用一般时态（多和be等表示状态的动词连用）By then he was more than 50 years of age. By this time next year, you ought to have
18、 a very good knowledge of English 但By that year, he had already been a soldier for 5 years. 以 by 引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。II.原因状语从句1原因状语从句通常由“ because, as, since, for” 引导。其用法和区别见下表：区 别项目内涵语气能否回答why 位置能否被强调because 直接因果关系强能主句前或后能as 双 方 都 知 道 的原因弱不能主句前或后不能since/now that 主句前for 从 结 果 推 断 出原因弱不能主句后Bec
19、ause I was ill, I didnt go to school. It was because I was ill that I didnt go to school.As you are busy, I wont waste your time.Since everybody is here, lets begin.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. Day must have broken, for birds are singing outside now. 2原因状语从句还可以有now (that) (
20、 既然 ), seeing (that)（鉴于） , considering (that) （考虑到）等引导。Now that you are well again, you can travel. Seeing that /Since he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help him. It is still in excellent condition considering that it was built 600 years ago. III. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wher
21、ever（无论什么地方）引导。Where there is a will, there is a way. I like to live where the weather is pleasant. She follows him wherever he goes. Sit wherever you like. 【重点提示】 不要和 where 引导的定语从句相混淆。We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（状语从句）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 15 页上
22、教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网We shall go to the place where working conditions are difficult.（定语从句） wherever 有时候的意思是“究竟什么地方” （=where ever）Wherever did you find it? IV. 条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless, so/as long as(只要 )，in case (如果， 万一 )，if only( 要是，只要 )，provided/proving (that) ( 假如 )， on condition that (
23、 只要 )， suppose/supposing(that)(假定) I ll go there so long as he invites me.In case I forget, please remind me about it.( 如果我忘了，请提醒我 ) Take an umbrella with you in case it rains. （ 带把伞吧，万一下雨）If only he has a chance, he will do great things. （只要他有机会，他就能干大事）Suppose/Supposing(that) he cant come, who will
24、 do the work?Providing/Provided(that) there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 【重点提示】同时间状语从句一样，条件状语从句如果表示将来时间，要用一般现在时代替将来时。 in case 如位于句首，意思是“假如”，位于句中和句尾，意思是“万一”V方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连词有：as（正如 -）, as if/though （仿佛 ,好象），just as-so (像-那样 ) Please do as I do. The child talks as if he were a ma
25、n. It looks as if it is/were going to rain. Just as water is to fish, so air is to man.空气对于人，就像水对于鱼一样。Just as you hate Mr.Green, so I dislike his wife. 正如你不喜欢格林一样，我也不喜欢他妻子。【重点提示】as if/as though 引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。VI.目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that(为了， 以便 )，that,( 以便 ) in order tha
26、t( 为了，以便 ) in case (以防，免除 )，for fear that ( 以防 ), lest(以免 ) Bring it nearer that I may see it better. He studied hard so hat he might succeed. Betty got up early in order that she could catch the train. I shall write it down lest I should forget. Take your raincoat in case it rains. He put his money
27、 in the safe for fear that it should/may be stolen. 【重点提示】目的状语从句的谓语动词通常含有may, might, can, could, should , would 等情态动词VII. 结果状语从句 . 引导结果状语从句的连词有: so(结果 ), so that (结果 ), that(结果 ) so-that (如此 -以致于 )，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网such-that-( 如此 - 以致
28、于 ). Nothing more was heard of him, so people thought that he was dead. 没有再听到他的消息，所以人们都认为他死了。She worked very hard, that she became rich in a very short time. The train was so full that I could hardly turn around. He is such an honest woman that everybody trusts her. He worked very hard, so that he p
29、assed the examination. 【重点提示】目的状语从和结果状语从句的区别是：引导目的状语从句时前面不用逗号,而引导结果状语从句时前面常用逗号目的状语从句中常用can, could, may, might, will , would, should 等情态动词，而结果状语从句中一般没这类词。. 让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/though （即使），however(不管怎样 )，whatever (无论什么 )，wherever, no matter who(how, when, where-), while(尽管 )，
30、if(虽然 )，when (虽然 ) whether-(or not)( 不管是 -还是 -) Though it was only 9 oclock, there were few people in the street.Although he has failed many times, he doesnt give up trying.Even though its hard work, I enjoy it.However late it was(No matter how late it was), he went out. Whatever you do, do it well.
31、 You cant come in, whoever you are.I am going whether it is raining or not.(= No matter whether it-) If he is little, he is strong. （他人虽小，但很结实）While I like the colour of the hat, I do not like the shape of it.（尽管我喜欢那帽子的颜色，我不喜欢它的外形）He usually walks when he might ride. （虽然有车可乘，但他通常步行）【重点提示】though 和 al
32、though 的区别：有时候可以换用，但有区别：although 一般位于句首，though 而位于句首或句未。though 与 even ,as 连用，构成even though, as though 短语，而although 不可以。though 可以放在句未，作副词，“然而，但是” ，但是 although 不可以。though 还可以用在表示让步的倒装结构中，表示“尽管”， 而 although 不可以。Child though/as he is, he know a lot. Tired though/as he was, he went on working. .比较状语从句引导比
33、较状语从句的连词有：as/so-as, than, the +比较级 -+the + 比较级He got up as late as his brother (did). He is not so /as tall as you (are). 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网She went to school earlier than Tom did. The longer you stay here, the more you will learn. He
34、is as tall as I (me). He is taller than I (me). 【重点提示】比较从句部分常常是省略句，如上述的当 as 或 than 引导的从句的主语为人称代词时可以用主格也可用宾格，如上述的比较级前面可加一些表示程度的状语，如：much, very much, far, a lot, lots, a great deal, twice, 20%, a bit, a little, rather, slightly, still, even等。状语从句中某些成分的省略在以 when, while, if, as if, though, although, as,
35、 until, whether 等连词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语有 be， 而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it 时，则从句的主语和be 常可省略。When (water is) heated, water is turned into vapour. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. Errors, if (there are) any, should be corrected. When (I am) in trouble, I always turn to her for help. While (we were) there we
36、 were thinking of you all the time. If (it is) necessary you can help us to do something. He made up his mind to finish the experiment whether (it was ) difficult or not. The letter is to be left here until ( it is) called for. He looked about as if (he were) in search of something. 【点击真题】【例 1】-Dad,
37、 I ll have finished my assignment.-Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustn t disturb me.a. whenever b. whether c. whatever d. no matter (NMET 2003上海 ) 【答案】 b. 【点拨】本题考查连词在具体语境下的使用。【解析】本题的意境是： 不管你玩耍还是看电视，你不可以打扰我。 相当于 : No matter whether you play or watch TV, you mustn t disturb me. 所以 d 项不能选择。 a 和
38、 c 项明显不对。【例 2】-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school.? -Yes. He had never praised him_ he became one of the top students in his grade. a. after b. unless c. until d. when (NMET 2003 北京春季 ) 【答案】 c. 【点拨】本题考查连词在具体语境下的使用【解析】本题的意境是: “直到成了年级的最佳学生后，父亲才表扬了他。”这正好与第一句的“父亲对他的要求严格”相符合。never-
39、until- 想当于not -until. 故选 c. 【例 3】Don t be afraid of asking for help_ it is needed.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网a. unless b. since c. although d. when (NMET 2003) 【答案】 d. 【点拨】本题考查状语从句中关联词的用法。【解析】 a, c 两项明显不对。b 项的迷惑性较大，既可以作为“自从”又可以作为“既然，因为”解，但是作为“既
40、然，因为”解的时候常常放在句首。故选d, 作“当 -时候”解。【例 4】He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. a. until b. when c. before d. as （NMET 2003 北京）【答案】 c. 【例 5】Come and see me whenever_. a. you are convenient b. you will be convenient c. it is convenient to you d. it will be convenient to you
41、. 【答案】 c 【点拨】本题考查whenever 引导的时间状语从句。【解析】先排除b 和 d, 因为状语从句中一般将来时要用一般现在时替代。又因为“对你如方便的话”应说成“be convenient to you” , 故选 c. 【例 6】A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _he reaches the end of the story.a. when b. unless c. after d. until (NMET 2003 上海 ) 【答案】 d 【点拨】本题考查连词词义。【解析】 根据题
42、意，“一个好的故事员应该能牢牢地吸引住听众直到把故事讲完。”其他均不符合题意。【例 7】John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. a. which b. when c. so that d. as if （NMET2002 上海）【答案】 c 【点拨】本题考查连词使用知识。【解析】从句意上应选c. “so that -“ 意为“以便，为了” ，引导目的状语从句，a, b 和 c 不能引导目的状语从句。【例 8】Our neighbor has _ our
43、s.(NMET 2003 北京 ) a. as a big house as b. as big a house as c. the same big house d. a house the same big as 【答案】 b 【点拨】本题考查比较状语从句结构中的句词位置问题。【解析】可以将名词置于比较结构中间，也可将比较结构作后置定语置于名词之后。如：our neighbour has as big a house as ours. 或 our neighbour has a house as big as ours. 选项 c ,d 都错，因为 the same 后面常跟名词。精选学习
44、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网【拓展演练】基础过关题1.I had been looking for the book for two days_ I found it at last. a.until b. when c. before d. while 2.He punished his students _ they did anything wrong. a.however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever 3.Thos
45、e passengers will wait here_ the bus arrives. a.until b. because c. though d. as 4.Hardly had we reached home _ it began to rain. a.before b. than c. as soon as d. when 5.No sooner had we arrived at the cinema_ the film began. a.than b. before c. when d. as soon as 6.You can t watch TV _ you ve fini
46、shed your homework.a.since b. until c. as d. after 7.We had scarcely left our school_ the rain began. a.before b. than c. while d. when 8.We have never seen her again_ she went to work in another city. a.when b. as c. since d. while 9._ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite saf
47、e. a.Since b. When c. After d. Unless 10. They were just about to leave_ the telephone rang. a.before b. when c. as d. than 11. He hurried out of the room_ the meeting was over. a.the moment b. a moment ago c. after a minute d. a minute after 12.-“ Did you catch the first bus this morning?”-“ No. It
48、 had left the stop_ I got there.”a.as soon as b. at the time c. by the time d. during the time 13.I shall start the work _ he comes. I don t know what to do first.a.after b. until c. before d. unless 14.The old man prefers to live_ the climate is mild. a.that b. which c. what d. where 15. _ it is a
49、holiday today, the children need not go to school. a.As b. When c. For d. As long as 16. _ we were staying in China , we saw many interesting things. a.Since b. While c. After d. During 17. I got up early_ I might catch the first bus. a.in order that b. in case c. for fear that d. now that 18. _ we
50、had been invited to the party, we wore our best clothes. a.Though b. If c. Even if d. As 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 15 页上教考资源网助您教考无忧版权所有 中国教育考试资源网19. “ How soon will you be able to finish your homework?”“ _”a.After two hours b. In two hours c. Two hours later d. For two hou