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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧高中英语状语从句专题训练题【网络构建】 状语从句的定义与功能：在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句,修饰主句的谓语动词,形容词或副词； 状语从句的分类：依据意义和用途的不同,状语从句可分为：1. 时间2. 缘由 3. 地点 4. 目的 5. 方式6. 条件 7. 结果 8. 让步 9. 比较状语从句 状语从句的位置 : 状语从句同状语一样 ,在句中的位置比较敏捷 , 可置于句首 ,句未 ,或句中 .状语从句位于句首时 ,常用逗号分开 , 状语从句位于句尾时 ,其前一般不用逗号 各种从句的详细用法 : I: 时间状语
2、从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:- 的时候 when, while, as , 直到 till, until, 一-就-a s soon as, the moment that, the minute that, immediately, directly, instantly,刚 - 就 -no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-whensince, before, after, once , whenever 等 . 1. when/while/as 的用法（1） When “ 在-时刻或在 -期间 ” ,它可兼指“ 时间点” 与“ 时间段”,从句中的动
3、词可以是终止性动词也可以是连续性动词； When I got home, he was having supper. When I was young, I liked dancing. When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest. When I got to the cinema, the film had already began. 【重点提示】when 也可作为并列连词,连接两个并列句,“ 那时” ,“ 这时” 相当于and then , and at that time.这时不行被as, while 替代；We were
4、about to go out when the teacher came in. We hadn t been watching TV for a long time when there was a power failure. when 仍可作“ 在-的情形下 ”解, 这时也不行被as, while 替代；Why did you walk there when you have a car. （2） while, 只指时间段,不指时间点,从句的谓语动词只限于连续动词和状态动词； While I slept, a thief broke in. Father looked after th
5、e children while mother was away. 【重点提示】 while 也可以用作并列连词,连接两个并列句, “ 而,另一方面”She likes music, while I like sports. He is diligent while his brother is idle. while 仍可以说明为“ 只要”While there is life, there is hope. 版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧While 仍可
6、以说明为“尽管,虽然”While respected, she in not liked. 3 as 引导的时间状语从句既可以表示一段时间（同连续性动词连用） ,也可以表示点时间（同非连续性动词连用） ；但 as 引导的从句更强调主从句的同时发生；As the sun rose, the fog dispersed.太阳升起,浓雾散去 ；As it grew darker, it became colder. As she came to know him better, she relied on him more. 假如这里使用 when, 就会完全失去同时并进或肩并肩进展的意义；【特殊重
7、点提示】when 从句与主句动作先后发生时,不能与 while, as 互换,如上述例句中的. When 从句动词为终止性动词时不能与while 替换 . When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball. 此句中的 when 也不用 as 替代,由于 as 从句为终止性动词时 , 主句通常也用终止性动词当从句的谓语动词是连续性动词时 , when, while, as 才有可能相互替换 . While/When/As we were still laughing, the teacher came in. 当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词,而主
8、句的谓语动词也是终止性动词 when 和 as 通用, 而且用 as 比用 when 更为紧凑,有“ 正值,这时” 的含义；He came just as when I reached the door. 两个进行时的长动作相并列进行的时候,可用 while/when ,但 as 不行用；Mary was cooking supper while /when her brother was playing chess. Xiao Yang was singing happily while/when he was driving home. 两个一般时的长动作相并列的时候,as/while/w
9、hen 都可使用,但 as 更能突出“ 一边-一边” 的含义；He sang as/ when /while he worked. as 仍可引导一个省略形式的状语从句,这、时的 as相当于 when 但不行以用when. As a child=As/When he was a child, he used to work hard and helped his father on the farm. 以 when/while/as 引导的状语从句,2till/until 假如时态是一般将来时,用一般现在时替代；till 和 until 都表示“ 直到”, 两个词常可换用,主要有以下两种用法；
10、（1）假如主句谓语动词为连续性动词,如 come, go, enter, return, start, reach, finish, 等,主句用否定式,从句用确定式,“ not-until”结构；He won t go to bed till/until she returns.He didnt come until he had gone over his lesson.2 假如主句谓语动词为连续性动词,如 “stay, remain 等,主句用确定式；He remained their till she arrived. You may stay here until the rain s
11、tops. 【重点提示】until 较正式 引出的介词短语和从句可以放在主句之前,也可以置于其后；另外,当指一段时间,多用到它；Until you told me I had no idea of it. We remained in ignorance of it until recently. 版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - till 多用于口语；till上教考资源网助您教考无忧引出的介词短语和从句一般不能放在句首；此外,指某一时间点多用它；I shall wait till te
12、n oclock.I did not know till then. 以 till/until 引导的状语从句,假如时态是一般将来时,用一般现在时替代；I won t leave until my mother comes back.3 as soon as, the moment that, the minute that, immediately, directly 的用法；这几个词连接的从句都表示主从句的动作相继发生,间隔很短,“ 一 -就- ”Ill tell him as soon as/ the moment that/the minute that/ immediately/ d
13、irectly/ I see him.【重点提示】假如表示过去发生的动作,主从句均用一般过去时；The moment I saw her, I knew that she was ill. 以以上连词引导的状语从句,假如时态是一般将来时,用一般现在时替代；4. no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-when 这几个短语的词义和用法基本一样,都表示“ 刚-就-” I had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move. She had hardly got home whe
14、n it began to rain. He had scarcely sat down when he heard someone knock at the door. 【重点提示】在这些结构中,主句的动作先发生,用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时；如这些结构置于句首,就主句要用倒装语序；上述句子可相应改为：No sooner had I arrived at the station than the train started to move. Hardly had she got home when it began to rain. Scarcely had he sat down whe
15、n he heard someone knock at the door. 5. since 以 since 引导的从句或短语作状语时,主句常用完成时,从句常用一般过去时； Since I was a child I have lived in England. We have been friends ever since we met at school. 【重点提示】主句如表示“ 已经有多少时间” 可用一般时；How long is it since you were in London. 就表示 “ 自从这个动作的开头”以来；It is just a week since we arr
16、ived here. since 引导的从句中的谓语动词假如是瞬时动词,如是连续性或状态性的动词就表示“ 自从这个动作的终止” 以来；How long is it since you worked here. 你不在这儿工作已经几年了？It is 3 years since I was ill. 我病愈以来已经3 年了； It is just a week since we arrived here. 我到这儿已经一周了；6by “by- ” “ 到 -时候为止” ,已发生或显现某情形,谓语动词多用完成时态；版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 1
17、5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧 Perhaps she has recovered by now. By the time that I got home yesterday, my mother had prepared dinner. By the end of next week, we will have left this country. 【重点提示】有时谓语动词用一般时态（多和be 等表示状态的动词连用） By then he was more than 50 years of age. By this time next ye
18、ar, you ought to have a very good knowledge of English 但 By that year, he had already been a soldier for 5 years. 以 by 引导的状语从句,II. 缘由状语从句假如时态是一般将来时,用一般现在时替代；1缘由状语从句通常由“ because, as, since, for引导；其用法和区分见下表：区 别项目内涵语气能否 回 答位置能否被强调why because 直接因果关系强能主句前或后能as 双 方 都 知 道 的弱不能主句前或后不能since/now that 缘由主句前从 结
19、 果 推 断 出弱不能主句后for 缘由 Because I was ill, I didn go to school. It was because I was ill that I didnt go to school. As you are busy, I wont waste your time. Since everybody is here, lets begin. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. Day must have broken, for birds are singing outside no
20、w. 2缘由状语从句仍可以有 now that 既然 , seeing that（鉴于） , considering that （考虑到）等引导； Now that you are well again, you can travel. Seeing that /Since he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help him. It is still in excellent condition considering that it was built 600 years ago. III. 地点状语从句地
21、点状语从句通常由 where, wherever（无论什么地方）引导； Where there is a will, there is a way. I like to live where the weather is pleasant. She follows him wherever he goes. Sit wherever you like. 【重点提示】 不要和 where 引导的定语从句相混淆；We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（状语从句）版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4
22、 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧We shall go to the place where working conditions are difficult.（定语从句） wherever 有时候的意思是“到底什么地方”（ =where ever）Wherever did you find it. IV. 条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless, so/as long as只要 ,in case 假如, 万一 ,if only 要是,只要 ,provided/proving that 假如 , on condi
23、tion that 只要 , suppose/supposingthat假定 I ll go there so long as he invites me. In case I forget, please remind me about it. 假如我忘了,请提示我 Take an umbrella with you in case it rains. （ 带把伞吧,万一下雨） If only he has a chance, he will do great things. （只要他有机会,他就能干大事） Suppose/Supposingthat he cant come, who wi
24、ll do the work. Providing/Providedthat there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 【重点提示】同时间状语从句一样,条件状语从句假如表示将来时间,要用一般现在时代替将来时； in case 如位于句首,意思是“ 假如”,位于句中和句尾,意思是“ 万一”V方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连词有：as（正如 -）, as if/though （似乎 ,好象）,just as-so 像-那样 Please do as I do. The child talks as if he were a ma
25、n. It looks as if it is/were going to rain. Just as water is to fish, so air is to man.空气对于人,就像水对于鱼一样； Just as you hate Mr.Green, so I dislike his wife. 正如你不喜爱格林一样,我也不喜爱他妻子；【重点提示】as if/as though 引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟语气,现,也可用陈述语气；VI. 目的状语从句但假如从句中所陈述的情形很可能实引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that为了, 以便 ,that, 以便 in order that 为
26、了,以便 in case 以防,免除 ,for fear that 以防 , lest以免 Bring it nearer that I may see it better. He studied hard so hat he might succeed. Betty got up early in order that she could catch the train. I shall write it down lest I should forget. Take your raincoat in case it rains. He put his money in the safe f
27、or fear that it should/may be stolen. 【重点提示】目的状语从句的谓语动词通常含有may, might, can, could, should , would 等情态动词VII. 结果状语从句 . 引导结果状语从句的连词有 : so结果 , so that 结果 , that结果 so-that 如此 -以致于 ,版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧such-that- 如此 - 以致于 . Nothing more was h
28、eard of him, so people thought that he was dead. 没有再听到他的消息,所以人们都认为他死了； She worked very hard, that she became rich in a very short time. The train was so full that I could hardly turn around. He is such an honest woman that everybody trusts her. He worked very hard, so that he passed the examination.
29、 【重点提示】目的状语从和结果状语从句的区分是：引导目的状语从句时前面不用逗号,而引导结果状语从句时前面常用逗号目的状语从句中常用can, could, may, might, will , would, should 等情态动词,而结果状语从句中一般没这类词；. 让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/though （即使）,however不管怎样 ,whatever 无论什么 ,wherever, no matter whohow, when, where-, while 尽管 , if 虽然 ,when 虽然 whether-or not
30、 不管是 -仍是 - Though it was only 9 oclock, there were few people in the street. Although he has failed many times, he doesnt give up trying. Even though its hard work, I enjoy it. However late it wasNo matter how late it was, he went out. Whatever you do, do it well. You cant come in, whoever you are.
31、I am going whether it is raining or not.= No matter whether it- If he is little, he is strong. （他人虽小,但很牢固） While I like the colour of the hat, I do not like the shape of it.（尽管我喜爱那帽子的颜色,我不喜爱它的形状）He usually walks when he might ride. （虽然有车可乘,但他通常步行）【重点提示】though 和 although 的区分：有时候可以换用,但有区分：although 一般位
32、于句首,though 而位于句首或句未；though 与 even ,as 连用,构成 even though, as though 短语,而 although 不行以；though 可以放在句未,作副词,“ 然而,但是” ,但是 although 不行以；though 仍可以用在表示让步的倒装结构中,表示“ 尽管”, 而 although 不行以；Child though/as he is, he know a lot. Tired though/as he was, he went on working. .比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有：as/so-as, than, the +比
33、较级 -+the + 比较级 He got up as late as his brother did. He is not so /as tall as you are. 版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网助您教考无忧She went to school earlier than Tom did. The longer you stay here, the more you will learn. He is as tall as I me. He is taller th
34、an I me. 【重点提示】比较从句部分经常是省略句,如上述的当 as 或 than 引导的从句的主语为人称代词时可以用主格也可用宾格,如上述的比较级前面可加一些表示程度的状语,如：much, very much, far, a lot, lots, a great deal, twice, 20%, a bit, a little, rather, slightly, still, even 等； 状语从句中某些成分的省略在以 when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, whether 等连词引导的状语从句中,假如谓语有 be,
35、 而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是 it 时,就从句的主语和 be 常可省略； When water is heated, water is turned into vapour. Wood gives much smoke while wood is burning. Errors, if there are any, should be corrected. When I am in trouble, I always turn to her for help. While we were there we were thinking of you all the time. If it is
36、 necessary you can help us to do something. He made up his mind to finish the experiment whether it was difficult or not. The letter is to be left here until it is called for. He looked about as if he were in search of something. 【点击真题】【例 1】-Dad, Ill have finished my assignment.-Good, and _ you play
37、 or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me.a. whenever b. whether c. whatever d. no matter NMET 2003 上海 【答案】 b. 【点拨】此题考查连词在详细语境下的使用；【解析】此题的意境是： 不管你玩耍仍是看电视,你不行以打搅我； 相当于 : No matter whether you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. 所以 d 项不能挑选； a 和 c 项明显不对；【例 2】-Was his father very strict with him when he
38、was at school. -Yes. He had never praised him_ he became one of the top students in his grade. a. after b. unless c. until d. when 【答案】 c. NMET 2003 北京春季 【点拨】此题考查连词在详细语境下的使用【解析】此题的意境是 : “ 直到成了年级的正确同学后,父亲才夸奖了他；” 这正好与第一句的“ 父亲对他的要求严格” 相符合；never-until- 想当于 not -until. 应选 c. 【例 3】Dont be afraid of asking
39、 for help_ it is needed.版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧a. unless b. since c. although d. when NMET 2003 【答案】 d. 【点拨】此题考查状语从句中关联词的用法；【解析】 a, c 两项明显不对；b 项的困惑性较大,既可以作为“ 自从” 又可以作为“ 既然,因为” 解,但是作为“ 既然,由于” 解的时候经常放在句首；应选 d, 作“ 当 -时候”解；【例 4】He made a mista
40、ke, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. a. until b. when c. before d. as （NMET 2003 北京）【答案】 c. 【例 5】Come and see me whenever_. a. you are convenient b. you will be convenient c. it is convenient to you d. it will be convenient to you. 【答案】 c 【点拨】此题考查 whenever 引导的时间状语从句；【解析】先排除 b 和 d,
41、 由于状语从句中一般将来时要用一般现在时替代；又由于“ 对你如便利的话” 应说成“be convenient to you” , 应选 c. 【例 6】A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _he reaches the end of the stoa. when b. unless c. after d. until 【答案】 d 【点拨】此题考查连词词义；NMET 2003 上海 【解析】 依据题意,“ 一个好的故事员应当能牢牢地吸引住听众直到把故事讲完；” 其他均不符合题意；【例 7】John sh
42、ut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. a. which b. when c. so that d. as if 【答案】 c 【点拨】此题考查连词使用学问；（NMET2002 上海）【解析】从句意上应选c. “ so that-“ 意为“ 以便,为了”,引导目的状语从句,a, b 和 c 不能引导目的状语从句；【例 8】Our neighbor has _ ours.NMET 2003 北京 a. as a big house as b. as big a hou
43、se as c. the same big house d. a house the same big as 【答案】 b 【点拨】此题考查比较状语从句结构中的句词位置问题；【解析】可以将名词置于比较结构中间,也可将比较结构作后置定语置于名词之后；如：our neighbour has as big a house as ours.或 our neighbour has a house as big as ours. 选项 c ,d 都错,由于 the same 后面常跟名词；版权全部 中国训练考试资源网名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 上教考资源网 助您教考无忧【拓展演练】基础过关题1. I had been looking for the book for two days_ I found it at last. a. until b. when c. before d. while 2. He punished his students _ they did an