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1、学习必备欢迎下载名词语法和练习题1. 定义名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China 等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如： book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词， 物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。2
2、. 名词复数的规则变化（情况，构成方法，读音，例词）a. 一般情况在名词后加 -s 清辅音后读 /s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读/z/ bag-bags /car-cars b. 以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxes c. 以 ce, se, ze, 等结尾加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses d. 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词把变y 为 i 再加 es 读 /z/ baby-babies e. 以 o 结尾的名词，变复数时：1). 加 s
3、，如： photo-photospiano-pianos radio-radioszoo-zoos；2). 加 es，如： potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes 3). 上述 a 和 b 两种方法均可，如zero-zeros / zeroes 。f. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时：1). 加 s，如： belief-beliefsroof-roofs safe-safesgulf-gulfs 2). 去 f, fe 加 ves，如： half-halves精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9
4、 页学习必备欢迎下载knife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolves wife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves 3). 上述 a 和 b 两种方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 。3. 名词复数的不规则变化1） child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teeth mouse-miceman-menwoman-women注意：由一个词加man 或 woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如 an Englishman，two Englishm
5、en。但 German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans ；Bowman 是姓，其复数是 the Bowmans。2） 单复同形，如 deer，sheep ，fish，Chinese ，Japanese ，yuan等。4. 名词所有格1）在英语中有些名词可以加“ s”来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，例如：Where s Lin Tao s bike?林涛的自行车在哪？2）如果原词已经有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个“” ，例如： teachers office 老师的办公室3）如果是复数，但不带词尾 -s,则仍然加“ s” ，例如：those men s hats 那
6、些男士的帽子4）如果表示各自的所有关系时，名词末尾均需加“ s” ，例如： Jim s and Kate s glasses 吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜5） 如果表示共同的所有关系时， 仅在最后一词的末尾加 “ s” ， 例如： Jim and Kate s kite 吉姆和凯特的风筝（两个人共同拥有的）6）如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词， 例如：Shall we go to Meimei s for supper? 我们一起到梅梅家去吃饭，好吗？7）没有生命的名词所有格用of，例如： This is a photo of my family. 这是我家
7、的一张全家福。练习题一.圈出下列单词中的不可数名词peach ink water zoo sister coffee knife snow ice tea orange fridge jeep rain wind car teacher music ear cola watermelon cherry 二.写出下列名词的复数形式1.watch_ 2.class_ 3.shelf_ 4.dog_ 5.dish_ 6.child_ 7.nurse_ 8.desk_ 9.boy_ 10.baby_ 11.tooth_ 12.eye_ 13.sheep_ 14.tomato_ 15.library_
8、16.goose_ 17.photo_ 18.telephone_ 三.填入所给名词的适当形式精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载1. We have three_(pen). 2. This is an _(apple). 3. Where is the_(pencil)? 4. There is a little _ in the bottle(juice). 5. Are you a _(driver)? Yes, I am. 6. There are a few _(watch)on the d
9、esk. 7. Many_(shelf)are in our school library. 8. He has some_(ink). 9. The_(girl)in red is Mary. 10. How many_(people)are there in your family? Three. 四.将下列名词按所给例词的词义属性归类school pineapple panda jacket peach cat pen library hat trousers ruler classroom lemon dress tiger playground ink eraser shirt el
10、ephant ballpoint pen computer room deer pencil-case snake shorts socks 1. pencil 2. banana 3. coat 4. wolf 5. school building 五、 选择题( )1.There is _on the table. b)Plate B.a plate C.plates ( )2.I can see many _in the garden. A.flowers B.a flower C.flowers ( )3.The_on the hills are all white. A.sheep
11、B.sheeps C.dog ( )4.These new_are for you. A.skirt B.shoe C.shirts ( )5.The clock has three_ A.legs B.leg C.faces ( )6.They are not in the same_. A.class B.classes C.familys ( )7.Is this your_? A.a key B.keys C.key ( )8.They are having_. A.a class B.English class C.Chinese class ( )9.There are so ma
12、ny _in the hall. A.peoples B.people C.a people ( )10.The_has some nice pictures. A.boys B.teachers C.child ( )11.The_are dancing at the party. A.woman B.women C.man ( )12.The _are in Room408. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载A.student B.a student C.students ( )13.Who s
13、 that_? She s my mother. A.man B.woman C.women ( )14.The_are catching the thief. A.policeman B.policemen C.policemans ( )15.There are new _in my schoolbag. A.knife B.knifes C.knives ( )16._jacket is it? May be it s_. A.Who s;Toms B.What;Tom s C.Whose;Tom s ( )17.The books are the_. A.teachers B.teac
14、hers C.teacher ( )18.There are a lot of children in the park on_Day. A.children B.Children s C.Childrens( )19.Is it the twins bedroom? Yes,it is. It s_bedroom. A.Ann and Anna s B.Ann s and Anna s C.Ann and Anna ( )20.That is _dog. A.Tom s B.Toms C.Tom ( )21._coats are very pretty. A.Jim and Tim s B.
15、Jim s and Tim s C.Jim and Tim ( )22.They are going to their_home for dinner. A.uncles B.uncle C.uncle s ( )23.The big room is_. A.the twin s B.twinsC.the twins( )24.March 8th is_. A.Woman s Day B.Womans Day C.Women s Day 六、英汉互译。1.一位美国医生 _ 2.许多绵羊 _ 3.不同的季节 _ 4.一杯牛奶 _ 5.凯特的家庭照 _ 6.my uncle s friend_ 7
16、.her cat s name_ 8.the doors of the classroom_ 9.the twins mother_ 10.Lucy and Kate s bedroom_小学英语之小学英语数词练习题( )1There are _ days in a year Athree hundred and sixty five Bthree hundred and sixty-five Cthree hundreds and sixty five Dthree hundreds and sixty five ( )2Danny lives in _Aroom 404 BRoom 404
17、 C404 room D404 Room ( )3Jim is in _Aclass one ，grade six Bgrade one ，class six CClass One ，Grade Six DGrade One, Class Six ( )4The bike cost me _ yuan Afive hundred forty Bfive hundreds fourty Cfive hundred and forty Dfive hundred fourty ( )5My telephone number is _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结
18、- - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载Aeighty eight two forty four zero nine Beight eight two double four O nine Ceighty eight two forty-four zero nine Deight eight two four four zero nine ( )6Is there any food for us _? Aten Btenth Cthe tenth Dthe ten ( )7Mary is _ girlA. an 8 year old B8一 years old Cthe
19、 8 years old Dan 8一 yearold ( )8What day is today? _ AJune BTuesday CIt is hot DIt s fine( )9Whats the date today? _ AIt s Saturday BIt s July CIt s fine DIt s JuIy 15( )10What time do you get up every day? AIt s seven o clockBSeven o clock timeCAt seven DOn seven 1There are _ days in a yearAthree h
20、undred and sixty five B three hundred and sixty-five Cthree hundreds and sixty five D three hundreds and sixty five ( )2Danny lives in _Aroom 404 BRoom 404 C404 room D404 Room ( )3Jim is in _Aclass one ，grade six Bgrade one ，class six CClass One ，Grade Six DGrade One Class Six ( )4The bike cost me _
21、 yuan Afive hundred forty Bfive hundreds fourty Cfive hundred and forty Dfive hundred fourty ( )5My telephone number is _ Aeighty eight two forty four zero nine Beight eight two double four O nine Ceighty eight two forty-four zero nine Deight eight two four four zero nine ( )6Is there any food for u
22、s _? Aten Btenth Cthe tenth Dthe ten ( )7Mary is _ girlA. an 8 year old B8 一 years old Cthe 8 years old D an 8一 yearold ( )8What day is today? _ AJune BTuesday C It is hot DIt s fine( )9Whats the date today? _ AIt s Saturday BIt s July CIt s fine DIt s JuIy 15( )10What time do you get up every day?
23、AIt s seven o clock BSeven o clock time精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载CAt seven DOn seven 一、单项选择1.The tree is tall. A. fourteen foots B. fourteen feet C. fourteen foot D. forty foot 2.Fifty plus . A. fourty is ninety B. forty is ninety C. thirty is ninety D. fifty is
24、 ninety 3.There are students in this school. A. four hundred fifty-two B. four hundreds fifty two C. four hundred and fifty-two D. four hundreds and fifty-two 4.My home is about away from the school. A. three hundred metre B. three hundreds metres C. three hundred metres D. three hundred metre 5.Dec
25、ember is and last month in a year. A.the twelveth B.twelve C.the twelfth D.twelfth 6. of the teachers in the school are from colleges. A.Three quarters B.Two-third C.Two fifth D.Two-ninth 7.There were two world wars during century. A.the twenties B.the twentieth C.twenties D.twentieth 8.In the forti
26、es, his father served in the New Army( 新四军 )，while his mother worked in the Route Army(八路军 ). A. Fourth; Eighth B.Four; Eighth C.Fourth; eight D.Fourth; eighth 9.We are learning now. A.the twenty-first lesson B.Lesson Twenty-first C.the 21 th lesson D.Lesson 21 st 10.He will stay here for . A.one an
27、d half month B.one and a half month C.one months and a half D.one and a half months 11.Whats the date today?It s. A.nine B.Monday C.June 5 D.11:00 12.Would you like to eat apples? No, thank you. A.more two B.two more C.two another D.two else 13.He said he would come back in . A.one or two days B.o o
28、r two days C.one and two days D.a day and two 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载14.How often do you write to your parents abroad? . A.Twice a month B.Second times a month C.A second time a month D.second a time a month 15. people died in the traffic accidents in the wor
29、ld. A.Thousand of B.Thousands of C.Ten thousands of D.Ten thousand of 16.In the 1850s, about was covered by forest in the USA. A.third B.a third C.the third D.a thirds 17.This is her birthday, I think. A.twenty B.twentieth C.the twentieth D.the twentys18.September is TeachersDay.A.the ten B.tenth C.
30、the tenth D.the tens19.There are children in the country school. A.two thousand five hundred and sixty B.two thousands five hundred and sixty C.two thousands five hundreds and sixty D.two thousand five hundreds and sixty 20. of the soldiers is about two thousand. A. A number B. The number of C. A gr
31、eat number D. The biggest numbers of 一、15BBCCC 610ABAAD 1115CBAAB 1620BBCAB 1.序数词的构成及其说明1）序数词第一、第二和第三为first, second和 third,其他序列数词的构成是在基数词后加 -th。例如：six sixthsevenseventhten tenthfour fourth2)fifth( 第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)和 twelfth( 第十二)在拼法上有变化。3）二十、三十等基数词变为序数词时，要把y 变成 ie 再加 -th。例如：twenty twentieth5t
32、wentiiWfortyfortiet hfC:tiiW 4)基数词几十几变成序数词时，表示几十的数词不变，只把表示几的基数词变成序数词。例如：twenty-onetwenty-first forty- five forty -fifth 5)第一百、第一千、第一百万、第十亿都是在基数词后直接加-th 构成。例如：第一百 hundredth第一千thousandth第一百万 millionth第十亿 billionth6)序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 40th 2.序数词在句子中的应用序数词在句中
33、主要是充当定语， 也可以作主语、表语、宾语，前面要加定冠词 the。例如：The first time I came to China, I liked it very much.我第一次来中国，我就非常喜欢这个国家。The first is always better than the second. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载第一总是比第二好。She will choose the third.她将选择第三。1.基数词的构成及其说明1）112 是独立的单词。即：one, two, thre
34、e, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 2)1319,多数在末尾加 -teen, 但应注意 13、15、18 的拼写形式。例如：13thirteen14fourteen15fifteen16sixteen17seventeen 18eighteen19nineteen3)从 2090 整十位数，多数在词尾加-ty，但要注意 20、30、40、50 和 80 的拼法。例如：20twenty30thirty40forty50fifty60sixty70seventy80eighty90ninety4)2199 是由几十
35、和几合起来构成，中间加连字符（-） 。例如：21twenty-one 32thirty-two 55fifty-five 74seventy -four 86eighty-six 99ninety-nine 5)101999 等三位数中，十位数或个位数的前面加and 。例如：101a(one)hundred and one230two hundred and thirty513five hundred and thirteen678six hundred and seventy999nine hundred and ninety -nine 6)1,000 以上的数，要用计数逗点，即从个位开始
36、，每隔三位数加一逗点，第一个逗点处是 thousand( 千)， 第二逗点处是 million( 百万)， 第三个逗点处是 thousand million( 英)或 billion( 美)（十亿） 。例如：一千 1，000a(one)thousand4,596 four thousand five hundred and ninety -six 一万 10，000ten thousand18,261 eighteen thousand two hundred and sixty-one 十万 100，000a(one)hundred thousand766,132 sev en hundre
37、d and sixty-six thousand one hundred and thirty-two 一百万 1，000，000a(one)million4,538,536 four million five hundred and thirty -eight thousand five hundred and thirty-six 一千万 10，000，000ten million一亿 100，000，000a(one)hundred million 十亿以上的数，英美说法不同。十亿 10，000，000，000 英国a(one)thousand million 美国a(one)billi
38、on 百亿 10，000，000，000ten thousand million注意汉语中有百、 千、万、亿等单位， 而英语中有 hundred(百)，thousand( 千)，million精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载（百万）等，但没有表示万和亿的专门单词， 要用十进位的方法推算出来。 例如：thousand千百万ten thousand万hundred thousand 十万million 百万ten million 千万hundred million 亿（万万）巧学巧用读数的诀窍有一首歌诀
39、，可以帮助我们迅速地用英语读出长数字。从右向左三逗开，一逗千，二逗百万，三逗就是十万万；左右三位分开读，保你又快又喜欢。“ 从右向左三逗开 ” ，指从右向左把长数字母三位用逗号分开。如：10，000；225，430；51.000，000，000 “ 一逗千，二逗百万，三逗就是十万万；” 指从右向左的第一个逗号表示“ 千”（thousand ） ；第二逗号表示 “ 百万” （million ） ；第三个逗号表示 “ 十万万 ” （billion,即十亿） 。“ 左右三位分开读，保你又快又喜欢。” 指读数时从左向右，每三位三位地按三位数的读法读，遇到有逗号时就分别加上该逗号所表示的那个英语单词。2
40、.hundred, thousand, million与 of 连用数词 hundred, thousand, million 等的前面有其他数词，用作确定的数目时，不用复数形式。例如：three thousand三千（不能说： three thousands ）five hundred五百（不能说： five hundreds）但是当 hundred, thousand, million 在用作不确定的数目时，则需用复数形式，并且往往后接 of。例如：hundreds of people几百人hundreds of thousands of people 几十万人millions of the locusts 千百万只蝗虫巧学巧用有 hundred等数词有 s 时有 of, 没有 s 没 of；数词前面加，没有s 没 of；前面无数词，有 s 也有 of。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页